james is going to argue with robert e. lee. robert e. lee stopped talking to james longstreet and turned to another confederate general who serves under james longstreet. lee says can you get your troops from point a and oint b and asks him to deploy his men perpendicular to the road. he is going to cross an attack north toward gettysburg. a big attack. that is what robert e. lee is do to do, longstreet will attack the flank. they will keep going upwards unfortunately for robert e. lee. things change. battlefields are constantly changing things. johnston and clark claimed they made it to the round tops. this is a picture taken from the tower area. the wheatfield, you cannot see what is over there. this is going to create a problem for the confederates. not to mention the union that they can't see what the battle line is. they are trying to do this in secret. there are some soldiers taking this picture. the confederates have been spotted. they will make this counter march, something else you can do a book on. the confederates are going to

virginia remained with the union, robert e lee would have -- robert e. lee would have fought for the union. as simple as that. you have to think about that, we now live under a federal government that does everything for us. 1860, the federal government. he touched your life in one way -- it delivered mail to your post office. you tried cases in state and local courts. rarely did you go beyond that. 10% of americans in 1860 had ,ever been out of their county much less out of their state. it was all localism. there was no flak of which anyone was aware. we had no national anthem, no national motto. all of that comes later, thanks to the civil war. but state was important at that time. and it still is. we virginians talk so much about our history, we bore people. but we have so much history than anyone else. there is a lot we have to talk about. the hatemongers who swarm around lee forget another important facet of his life. although he is member as one of the greatest military commanders of all time, i personally think achievementnduring came in the five y

in our particular discussion, are the attacks being made on robert e lee. who personified the word noble more than any figure i have ever encountered. in that montage of mistakes in charlottesville last august, lee has been branded as a symbol that symbol of all that is repugnant in america. he raised his hand against his own flag the voices shout. he joined the cause to keep three and half million blacks enslaved. he fought a war to destroy everything that was good and decent in our spotless land. lee is accused of -- the predecessor of adolf hitler. how outrageous. how outrageous it is in the face of truth. he opposed slavery. as early as 1866 he called it an evil institution. he had no inkling for slavery, saw no reason for it. his fear was what might happen with 3 million uneducated ill- prepared slaves who was suddenly be dumped on society without warning and without assistance and without direction. would not freedom -- in that situation be even less worst than the bondage they knew. he didn't know, he didn't have an answer. of this he was certain:god'

he discusses robert e. lee's character and the organizations and people who are seeking to remove his statues throughout the country. this 1 hour 15 minute park was part of a conference hosted by shenandoah valley battlefields foundation. >> good morning. we are comprised of eight counties in the shenandoah. we are thrilled to have you all here. we are doubly thrilled to have this amazing panel of speakers to talk to us today about confederate icons, history, memory, and the future of our past. this is one of the largest conferences, one-day conferences that the battlefields foundation has ever had, and we think that it's going to be an amazing day. so thank you very much to all of you who have traveled from 13 states and canada to be here with us today. i want to especially thank you or trustees, some who are in attendance, for having the foresight and fortitude to hold this conference. i would like to that i c-span and american history tv for being with us today and for broadcasting this live, nationwide, for a

he also discusses robert e. lee's character and talks about the organizations and people who are seeking to remove his statues throughout the country. this hour 15-minute talk was at a conference about confederate icons host the by the shenandoah valley battlefields association. >> good morning again, everybody. thank you so much for being here in harrisonburg, virginia in the heart of the national historic district that is comprised of eight counties of the shenandoah valley. we at the shenandoah valley battlefields foundation are thrilled to have you all here. we're doubly thrilled to have this amazing panel of speakers to talk to us today about confederate icons, history, memory and the future of our past. this is one of the largest conferences, one-day conferences, that the battlefield foundation has ever had, and we think it's going to be an amazing day. so thank you very much to all of you who have traveled from 13 states and canada to be here with us today. i want to especially thank our trustees of the battlef

lane smit the roots of racism run deep here she says pointing to the state of confederate general robert e. lee still standing proud as just one example but for too long people of shallow to build didn't want to confront the issue schmidt tells me they wanted their peace and quiet white supremacy is part of the everyday fabric. of our political life our economic life the way policing is conducted against black people and you know so there's much more discussion of this you know even among people especially white people who were previously very kind of self-satisfied and thought that everything was fine. and see any verse three approaches still ancient in our local activists held a panel discussion to promote the importance of remaining vigilant. this is where if you eat beef can we eat it simply ignoring the problem they say they want to make it go away. now to some of the other stories making news around the world jordanian security forces have pulled the bodies of three suspected militants from the rubble of their collapsed hideout following a deadly shootout four soldiers were also killed wh

nationalist sentiment charlottesville to protest the removal of a monument to confederate general robert e. lee the rally turned violent as protesters clashed with counter protesters culminating in the death of thirty two year old heather higher he was killed when a man drove his car into a crowd our correspondent i was under phenomena was in charlottesville where she spoke with highers mother had ohio always had that sparkle in her eyes her mother susan brule told me when we meet in charlottesville carrying on her daughter's fight for social justice she says hopes were to cope with the grief when i first held the earner with her ashes on it and i realized that urn on my arms was about the same weight of the same size. she was the day she was born and that was hard. hier believed in standing up to discrimination so when far right nationalists came to town she joined her black friends to protest in august last year white supremacist neo nazis and members of old tried groups from across the country cupboard to challenge the bill from the now infamous unite the right to rally clashes soon broke ou

host: you touched on this briefly, but the status of the statue of robert e. lee. you said it was tied up in litigation. where does that stand? guest: that's right. of course, there are many civil war buffs, people who believe the statue is history and should not come down, so when the city voted to take the statue down, also to remove a statue of stonewall jackson, these groups went to court and sued, so it is wending its way through the legal process. last night when demonstrators rallied around the statue, one of their demands was that it be removed. host: do you know of specific plans for today, in charlottesville? this group said, that rallied last night is supposed to rally again today. on a happier note, there will be a very large gathering in charlottesville's park, an arts park. about 400 people are expected to gather there to sing songs of unity. "we are the world," "hallelujah, " to sing because they want the world to know what happened in charlottesville last year was not in any way a representation of the city. charlottesville, for all of the racial pr

that helped make him play a magnificent robert e. lee. we discussed the role in a private dinner we had in lexington, virginia. we got to know each other. i told them at the time that you cannot play lee like he was scott or russell crowe. -- is suddenly dignified subtly dignified. he makes men whisper. i thought he did a wonderful job. peter: two rep things appear. recentdr. robert's publications, the untold civil war, is a beautiful done book -- beautifully done book. his essays many of were based upon your radio show that you did for many years down in blacksburg. i was especially taken by not just the photographs but the use of the culture. outstandingolutely book. it is the one thing that national geographic did during the one 50th. it is quite a success. james: they just did an incredible job with that book. for seven years and did a friday morning show on national public radio. they were personal -- little personal stories. not one of which affected the progress or the outcome of the war, but they told personal story. i did 350 of t

robert e. lee admitted that he relied on texas soldiers in all tight places and he argued we would must have more than. in april 1864, when lieutenant journal james long street's first core returns to virginia after spending the winter in tennessee, lee declared hood texans "the best fighting brigade in the core." lee cheered the texas brigade's arrival at the battle of the wilderness, a week later, saying texas always move them, expressing his confidence in their ability to turn the tide of battle which they did. other confederates spoke highly of the texans as well. major general smith commented , very early ine the war, in the spring of 1862, saying "the texans won a mortal honor for themselves, their state and for their commander general hood." "i could talk a week and not say half they deserve. if the regiments now organized in texas could be transported here and armed tomorrow, and properly led they would end the war in three months." north carolinian, a colonel at the time said, hood's texas

this descended on charlottesville to protest the removal of a monument to confederate general robert e. lee already turned violent as protest has clashed with counter protesters culminating in the death of thirty two year old heather who was killed when a man drove his car into a crowd. our correspondent alexander phenomena was insults fairly where she spoke with hi as mother. had the high you always had that sparkle in her eyes susan bro tells me when we meet in charlottesville carrying on her daughter's fight for social justice she says helps her to cope with the grief when i first held the urn with her ashes on it and i realize that aren't in my arms was about the same weight in the same size as she was the day she was born and that was hard. hier believed in standing up to discrimination so when far right nationalists came to town she joined her black friends to protest in august last year white supremacist neo nazis and members of old tried groups from across the country cupboard to challenge the bill from the now infamous unite the right rally klesha soon broke out between the group a

this is history of a state of robert e. lee and stone wawall jackson. said a year ago, that's you talking, running for governor. now you say today we want to get past race after you talked about how we should praise and erect people whose only role in history was to uphold slavery and commit treason against the united states. >> you know, why is it that you on the left are so obsessed with what happened 150 years ago? >> no, no, i'm talking about you last year, i'm not talking about -- i'm talking about corey stewart running for governor last year, that's what you said, you went back 150 years ago. i'm talking about what you said, explain to me your statement in light of what you're saying now. >> reverend, let me explain this. people don't care what happened 150 years ago. historians love this stuff. i love history. but the end of the day, we need to look at what the problems are are today, and you mentioned that it was only people of a certain race who were facing these challenges, with their education, their health care, their jobs, everything else.

teardown robert e. lee. they are not seeing to tear down the great wall of china, bill with slave labor. they are not saying to tear down the mayan and aztec pyramids, with slave labor. it is only white people. it is only our countries which have to be flooded with too many people to the point where the host populations do not exist anymore i am not a white nationalists. i never claimed to be. i'm ok with sharing this country with people from around the world but if you bring into many people at once, it is not the a lot of white people agree. if you like the country they are waking up and is very different from the one they woke up in in the 1960, 1970, 1980. therefore, the face of white advocacy is different than it was in the past. a lot of folks are deliberately misconstruing white identity politics today as a something that endorses the kkk or neo-nazis. there are a lot of people in the alt right who are encouraging that by trying to be these cartoon neo-nazis and deliberately stupid and hateful. right

the house is not far from the site of robert e. lee's headquarters. he may have seen robert e. lee and his staff. eventually, some confederate soldiers talk to him. they stopped a wagon and he is taken back to his house. that is basically where he remains throughout the course of the rest of the battle. that is basically his journey on july 1. we have some illustrations. there is a famous painting that and it shows john burns with the officers of the 150th pennsylvania offering his services. that is two lieutenant colonels and major chamberlain. tellschamberlain's book the story about john burns and it. tipton waslliam hired by a historian to record some photographs of the known sites where john burns filed on on july 1.ought a man from the town who was a young boy when john burns was alive actually had gone out with john burns after the battle and trees fromd him the fought on july 1 and where he was wounded. over theome paintings years of the fighting of john burns in the battle. that gets aof them lot of notoriety in books. he is wounded, we are not sure how many times he is

sreenivasan: the protestsci began after th announced plans to remove a statue of confederate general robert e. lee. lawsuits over the statue continue, and it remains in a downtown park. last year, president trump drew criticism for not initially condemning the white supremacists. >> i think there's blame on both sides. >> sreenivasan: this morning, the president tweeted, "i condemn all types of racism and acts of violence. peace to all americans!" the organizer of last year's rally, jason kessler, was denied a permit to protest in charlottesville this year. as a result, he will be in washington d.c. tomorrow for a ."white civil rights" ral counr-protesters are also planning rallies there. we're joined now from charlottesville , nicole hemm assistant professor at the miller center at the university of virginia. she is also the hostf the podcast "a-twelve," which deals inth last year's event charlottesville and the history behind it. thanks for joining us. so, let's talk about, really, wh happened in that year since. >> yeah, so, in the year since, there has been a lot of focus on trying to figure o

that was later published about who were the most prominent of the confederate statuary, clearly robert e. lee, the one you see in green. i know it may be a little difficult to see each of these circles. but the bubbles. robert e. lee is in green. jefferson davis is in gray. you have stonewall jackson in yellow. jeb stuart is the large blue. and nathan bedford forest, in the top left. and below him is pierre toutant. so -- yeah -- beauregard. you know what i'm talking about. and they're the most prominent on the landscape. so in richmond, we have a number of confederate statues located throughout the city. but the one clearly that is more prominent are the five that sit on monument avenue. the grand boulevard in our city that was developed as a real estate boon, and it was never -- and this is a thing that folks don't know, and what we -- we had the opportunity to share with our community, is that it was never -- monument avenue was never intended to be confederate row. it really kind of happened happenstance. and it happened happenstance shortly after lee died. and it was clear everyone wante

robert e. lee is the major figure. he is the one in green. i know it's hard to see. robert e. lee is in green. jeff son davis is in gray. stonewall jackson in yellow. jeb stuart is that large blue. and top left, nay that forest and below him is pierre sultan. so, yeah -- yeah, bauregard. you know what i'm talking about. they are the most prominent on the landscape. so in richmond, we have a number city but the most prominent ones are the ones that sit -- it was never -- monument avenue was never intended to be confederate row. it really kind of happened happen stance. and it happened happen stance shortly after lee died. and it was clear everyone wanted to do some kind of memorial to robert e. lee and then it quickly became a conversation of it can be nowhere else but richmond. and then it took another 20 years before that happened. but when it was finally determined to place it on this western side of town that actually had absolutely nothing there but, you know, big open fields, but the desire to build this brand boulevard again, the house building began in ernest. today, it

nearby house, which i have on there, number eight on seminary ridge, not far from the site of robert e. lee's headquarters. he may have seen robert e. lee and his staff. he climbed very near to the headquarters. and then eventually, some confederate soldiers talk to him and stopped a wagon coming down the chambersburg pike. and he is taken back to his house, number nine. that is basically where he remains throughout the course of the rest of the battle. that is basically his journey on july 1. we have some illustrations. there is a famous painting that was done by a guy named smith. with thejohn burns 150th offering his services. lieutenant a famous , heidi klum per, and a heidi cooper and a major. in 1950, william pitkin was hired by an historian to record some photographs of the known sites where john burns fought on july 1, or participated in the fighting. they took a photograph of a group of trees to the seventh wisconsin monument. in a man from the town, who was a young boy when john burns was alive, actually had gone out with john burns after the battle, and burns showed him the trees b

this letter may have been forgotten if the captain didn't happen to the robert e lee. the virginia historical society acquired this letter from private possession in 1881 and since then, lead biographers have discussed this letter. why did lee write back about somebody ? the suffering of one man exempts the military goal of the united states. he never mentioned the man's name. he probably didn't know the man's name but it turns out it was the assassin from bonnigheim germany who killed our mayor. as you read my book, i tell how i came to that conclusion with documents from the national archives. i had to go through all the deaths in the battery to eliminate the ones that did not match the description so what a wonderful opportunity to tell american history and a true crime story, and a record-breaking true crime story. but now we are coming up to the exciting part, theoldest reward ever paid . bonnigheim germany chase frederick road to america. when he wrote the letter in 1872, the city had long issued a reward for identification leading, for information leading to the

general robert e. lee. one of the great intersections in new orleans.didn't think anything of it. >> never thought about it. never occurred to me. i knew who he was. but it never really got in my soul of my psyche about who yho damages that was to some of my friends until -- >> and one of your friends was the one who raised it with you. now i find myself 56 years old, mayor of a major american city. they say a lot about who they are and wenton said to me, you need to take that statue down. i said why? he said have you thought about him from my spperspective. >> putting yourself in somebody else's shoes. right away, my brain because i'm a politician was like, man, that's a, when you're asking me for a really, really big thing, but i did tell him, let me think about i. when you think about it and you do and i began to research robert e. lee, his connection to no new orleans, why he was there. >> he virtually had no connection. >> no connection except an icon of the confederacy. the more i began to research, i stomaumbled into the real histo the cult of a

it is hard to go anywhere in the south, their schools are named for robert e. lee. the idea that you are fighting for virtue. whether you want to keep the brown people across the border. you can't separate the roots of the trees from the leaves. >> you were from north. you were from chicago and got into this movement. and one of the people in the a.c. thompson document was a ucla grad school working for northrop grumman. >> it is not about ideology. the pre radicalization starts early for that. it is about a search for identity, community and purpose. if we hit what i call potholes in our journey of life, sometimes it detours us. and there is a savvy recruiter waiting for a vulnerable people. we would stand outside of a punk rock concert to do that. today it is the internet that is that punk rock concert. so many people online that can live there. >> does it help recruiting to have a president of the united states who says, you know, there were blame on both sides. >> right. >> who, you know, uses all sorts of tropes of white supremacy and racist language and behind

i don't know how african-americans who walked under robert e. lee felt or thought. i wonder if there's any kind of reception on the other side about people talking at the time. felthe time about how they about these monuments. an alternate view. monumentspoint to the -- the african-american newspaper. that is a clear case of and -- whaticans was his name? john mitchell was a member of the city council at the time. he is the -- he is beside himself. we have that. rich of be wonderfully people confronting monuments. to think about a way in which the lincoln memorial -- i happen to think it is the biggest and most important of the civil war memorials in this country. whether it is marian anderson or martin luther king and using this monument -- that's the thing about monuments. that needs to be part of our conversation. when his monuments are put up, they are intended to speak for themselves. it is supposed to endure forever. will look at the monument without thinking about august of last year. the memory changes, the meaning changes. nothing is set in stone. whatever

like elaine smith the roots of racism run deep here she says pointing to the confederate general robert e. lee still standing proud as just one example but for too long people of charlottesville didn't want to confront the issue schmidt tells me they wanted their peace and quiet white supremacy is part of that every day fabric. of our political life our economic life the way for policing is conducted against black people and you know so there's much more discussion of this you know even among people especially white people who were previously very kind of self-satisfied and thought that everything was fine speech and see any very serious approaches still ancient and other local activists tell the panel discussion to promote the importance of remaining vigilant. for years muslim teachers in germany have attracted attention if they want a headscarf now one state is considering banning the huge offer pupils under the age of fourteen as diffuse yalda talk found out this would be a controversial move. and shinedown three classmates three muslim girls she there has been wearing a headscarf since she

robert e lee. the white folks have been celebrating robert e lee. you think you are celebrating martin luther king's birthday? they are actually sending out applications for the flex client in high school and churches -- klan in high school and churches. the question is: how do you respond to it? larger it in this context of history, there is no ministry. it is when you do not know your history, it becomes a mystery. we have seen this before. what is our solution? what is our approach? not have enough involvement of young people. of youngwere made people. look at the permitting him birmingham- movement, the call it thank you called it thee youth movement. we have to do is get the young people involved. one of the things you do is legislator pages 12-17. get those young people together to him to elect officials replicate the very state elections that we have. partyat you call a youth and every month, you have a party and bring footer registration forms. forms.r registration monthing a meeting once a and having a party, have you bringgood to eat, a re

robert e lee is the one you see in green, which may be difficult to see. robert e lee is in green. jefferson davis is in grave. stonewall jackson in yellow. jeff stewart is the blue one. forrestnathan bedford him,e top left and below pierre. you know who i am talking about. they are the most prominent on the landscape. in richmond, we have a number of confederate statues throughout the city. the one that is more prominent are the five on monument avenue, the grand boulevard developed as a real estate boon. a thing folks don't know and we had the opportunity to share, it was never, monument avenue was never intended to be confederate row. it happened happenstance. leeappened shortly after died. it was clear everyone wanted to do some kind of memorial to lee, and it became a conversation about it can be nowhere else but richmond. it took 20 years. when it was finally determined to place it on the western side theren that had nothing but an open field, and the desire to bring this old heart, the house building began in earnest. today it has some of richmond's , in expensive real estat

delay instrument the roots of racism run deep here she says pointing to the confederate general robert e. lee still standing proud as just one example but for too long people of charlottesville didn't want to confront the issue schmidt tells me they wanted their peace and quiet white supremacy is part of the everyday fabric. of our political life our economic life the way for policing is conducted against black people and you know so there's much more discussion of this you know even among people especially white people who were previously very kind of self-satisfied and thought that everything was fine. and see any verse three approaches still ancient and other local activists told a panel discussion to promote the importance of remaining vigilant. this is where if you eat meat can. simply ignoring the problem b.c. to make it to go with. bias waiting in washington who's covering the story for us now joins me my it's good to see you sunday marks the first anniversary of the clashes but who really seeing demonstrations by so-called anti fascist groups but how is charlottesville preparing to ma

delaine smit the roots of racism run deep here she says pointing to his to confederate general robert e. lee still standing proud as just one example but for too long people of shannon's build didn't want to confront the issue schmidt tells me they wanted their peace and quiet white supremacy is part of the everyday fabric. of our political life our economic life the way policing is conducted against black people and you know so there's much more discussion of this you know even among people especially white people who were previously very kind of self-satisfied and thought that everything was fine. and see any verse three approaches still ancient in auburn local activists told a panel discussion to promote the importance of remaining vigilant. this is. if you have any peace can we eat it simply ignoring the problem they say they want to make it go away. and the city of charlotte's web has planned a rally against racial hatred today but there's also a number of other venues planned in washington d.c. double correspondent myers florida is live on the ground for us a white nationalist family p

he also discusses robert e. lee's character and talks about the organizations and people who are seeking to remove his statues throughout the country. this hour 15-minute talk was at a conference about confederate icons host the by the shenandoah valley battlefields association. >> good morning again, everybody. thank you so much for being here in harrisonburg, virginia in the heart of the national historic district that is comprised of eight counties of the shenandoah valley. we at the shenandoah valley battlefields foundation are thrilled to have you all

he discusses robert e. lee's character and the organizations and people who are seeking to remove his statues throughout the country. this 1 hour 15 minute park was part of a conference hosted by shenandoah valley battlefields foundation. >> good morning. we are comprised of eight counties in the shenandoah. we are thrilled to have you all

like delaine smit the roots of racism run deep here she says pointing to the confederate general robert e. lee still standing proud as just one example but for too long people of shallow debil didn't want to confront the issue schmidt tells me they wanted their peace and quiet white supremacy is part of it every day fabric. of our political life our economic life the way for policing is conducted against black people and you know so there's much more discussion of this you know even among people especially white people who were previously very kind of self-satisfied and thought that everything was fine. and see any verse three approaches still ancient and other local activists told a panel discussion to promote the importance of remaining vigilant. this is where if you eat peace can. simply ignoring the problem b.c. want to make it go away. well the organizers of the original white nationalist rally are planning a sequel in washington d.c. later on sunday after they were denied a permit to march in charlottesville the rally will take place in front of the white house and leftwing counter demon

we're always talking about robert e. leen davis and these monuments and yet here's something that's supposedly supposed to acknowledge a horror, but it doesn't really. >> here's the thing. what we saw in charlottesville was sparked in defense of robert e. lee, a statue, but we knew it was more than a statue or monument. it's a proxy for white power, white the supremacy. there are artifacts all across the country, like that auction block, which is an actual auction block where human beings were bought and sold in this community by people in this community for 100 years. people walk down that street and it's a reminder of how they were dehumanized by people in this community. there was a debate on city council. they voted 6-1 to keep the block there for educational purposes. the lone black dissenting vote was the only black city councilman on the council. beyond the big statues, in fair view, kentucky, where jefferson davis was born, you have the statues of robert e. lee and jefferson davis and then things baked into the fabri

robert lee's birthday. -- birthday is the same time. robert e. lee. the white folks are celebrating robert e. lee. while you think you are celebrating martin luther king. that is what i'm talking about. are actually sending out applications that you want to join the ku klux klan in high school. they send them out. in churches they pass them out. in alabama. that is where i live. i know what i'm talking about. things that you have not even seen before. the question is how do you respond to it, is the question. and you see it in as large a context of history, it is no mystery. it is when you don't know your history that it becomes a mystery. seen this before. let's get quickly past that and say what is a solution. what is our approach. our approach is that we don't have enough active involvement of our young people. remember that, talk about the movement of the 60's. young folk. i was a teenager when i was enjoying this. look at the birmingham movement. we called it the children's movement. the children. the young folk. helped make it happen. we had the support of the old folks. that they were there