finally in 1919 library of congress librarian of congress herbert putnam finally prevailed on robert lincoln to just put them somewhere safe, which was the library of congress and in 1923. robert deeded them gifted them to the library of congress for for the public some of you may know that at his at his request. there was a restriction on the papers that they were not to be opened to the public until 21 years after his own death. so i hate to say that people were probably wishing him ill at that point. but so they weren't open till the public until 1947, you know after after his death in 1920 26, so that's the that's how they get there. and and we wanted to just keep them separated so that you know if you're in series one of the abraham lincoln papers, that's part of the robert todd lincoln collection of the abraham lincoln papers, and that has the bulk of the papers and some of the richest materials including, you know, various speeches his farewell address to springfield actually, his is the two gettysburg addresses and the second inaugural address are actually technically in series 3 bec

and then finally in 1919, it is herbert putnam, who finally prevails on robert lincoln to put them somewhere safe, the library of congress. and a 1923, robert gifted them to the library of congress, where some of you may know that at his request, there was an inscription on the paper that they were not to be opened to the public until 21 years after his own death. i hate to say that people were wishing him ill. [laughs] so, they weren't open to the public until 1947. that was after his death in 1926. so, that's how they get there and we want to keep them separated. so, if you are in series one of the abraham lincoln papers, that's part of the robert todd lincoln collection of the abraham lincoln papers. and that has the bulk of the papers. and some of the richest material, including very speeches, his farewell address, to springfield. also, the two gettysburg addresses. and the second inaugural address, they are actually technically in series three. because they came from the surviving children. that came from helen nicolay, because they donated him to the library of congress. that's why wan

lincoln papers. and they came from robert todd lincoln, lincoln's only surviving son. to the best of our knowledge, there were the papers that lincoln had in his possession at the time of his death. they were packed up by hay and nikolay by 1865 and they resided in bloomington, illinois until 1874 when they were loaned to secretary nikolay while hay and nikolay were working on their article in "century magazine" and their biography. to make you understand how amazing it is that these things still survive, nikolay had them until 1901, at his death. they went across town to the state department. so john hay had them, and he was secretary of state. he had them until he died. and then they went back to robert lincoln in chicago, then he moved to washington, dc and vermont because he worked for the pullman car company and had free transportation, they went from dc to vermont, from dc to vermont, from dc to vermont, and finally in 1919, the librarian of congress herbert putnam prevailed upon robert to put them somewhere safe, which was the library of congress. some of you ma

evidence had been presented he would be interested in retrying porter that was according to his son robert lincoln who was tied into all this because he becomes a member of some of these presidents' cabinets, but yes lincoln i think was looking at this as a purge of he couldn't get at mcclellan and so porter was the one that fell yeah for one more question for you kevin a comment though before we hear that question if you listen, he's asked grant says, you know, this is the man that won the american civil war. is in support of john pope's testimony and in this this case against john, you know, john fitzporter. it sounds to me like there's very little that porter, you know could dispute if grant supports pope in this. thanks for the softball dan because pope later turns or excuse me, grant later turns and actually ends up supporting porter in all of this. so thank you. yes. see dan's not doing himself any favors. jim rosebrook from frederick, maryland. so at what point does porter become aware of the burnside angle in sending the letters to through the command in washington and if it was before the

one one point in common, although it skips a generation is that mary lincoln yearn to stay at harvard with robert her son and sarah delano roosevelt, of course did take rooms in cambridge and lived part of the time as close to harvard harvard as she could so that might have been a tradition as well and fdr lived quite well at harvard by the way. he had his own set of rooms. he had not only a car he had a boat. i mean who has their own boat at harvard? so it was a very comfortable environment, of course. mommy was just down the road. so as we talk about their political experience. as young men there there is something else in common and that is that they both serve in the state legislature and it grooms them lincoln in the raucous state legislature of illinois as a member of the lower house, which he's instrumental in infrastructure improvements, although it bankrupts the state speaks for the first and only time about the franchise being extended to women education is a top priority and interesting legislative career, and i guess we think that the most the most prominent moment in his legislative

. >> one point in common, although it skips a generation, is that mary lincoln yearned to stay at harvard with robert, her son. and sarah delano roosevelt did take rooms in cambridge and lived part of the time as close to harvard as she could. close harvard as she could. that may have been a tradition, as well. >> fdr had his own set of rooms and boat, who has their own boat at harvard. it was a very comfortable environment. of course, mommy was just down the road. >> as we talk about their political experience as young men, there is something else in common and that is that they both serve in the state legislator and it grooms them. lincoln as a member of the lower house, which he's instrumental in infrastructure improvements, although it bankrupts the state. speaks for the first and only time about the franchise being extended to women. education is a top priority and interesting legislative career. i guess we think that the most, the most prominent moment in his legislator career comes when he joins a group to move the state capital faithfully, as it turns out to, springfield, illinois. roosevelt

with god if the union army were successful from the confederate army of robert e lee across the potomac river a week before lincoln had his cabinet meeting. he was going to send the proclamation after him and was going to fulfill that vow. this astonished members of his cabinet. they were hard-bitten politicians. one of them said would you mind repeating yourself? did i hear you correctly? lincoln said i made a vow to my maker that i would issue this proclamation and i'm going to do it. are there other moments like that in american history that show a direct influence on the president's faith on decision-making? >> there are multiple examples. one comes to mind for more recent years for us the to history and politics, ronald reagan after he survived the assassination attempt he said he believed god had spared him to do something more than he had been doing. he went on to forge with various leaders including pope john paul ii, to wage what ended up being a winning act in the cold war. reagan couldn't have known that going in but had faith in god and good policy but it was dramatic. he talked about the design plans

and driving the confederate army of robert e lee back across the potomac river, just a week before lincoln has this captivating. lincoln says he has made this vow that he was going to send -- after him. he was going to feel that vow. they were a bunch of hard-hitting politicians. they were not used to this. one of them said were you -- show a direct issue of a presidents face. guest: one coming from more recent years, as well as politics is president ronald reagan. the -- after the assassination attempt, he said god spared him to do even more. then we take it to the relationship he went on to forge with leaders, including john paul the second, to wage what ended up being a winning act in the cold world. they would not have known that going in. he said he had faith in god and -- policy. she talked about the dp with various insiders. he got that from one of them. if you think about somebody like woodrow wilson going all the way back to world war i, he was really convinced. not only in politics but in his presbyterian faith that it was destined we should have a league of nations. in his state

. >> one point in common, although it skips a generation, is that mary lincoln young to stay at harvard with robert, her son. and sarah delano roosevelt of course did take room in cambridge and live part of the time as close to harvard as she could. so that might have been a tradition as well. >> and fdr lived quite well in harvard, by the way. he had his own set of rooms, he had an automated car, he had about. i mean, who has their own body in harvard? so, it was a very comfortable environment. of course, molly was just down the road, so. >> as we talk about their political experiences, and the young man, there is something hours in common they both served in the state legislature and ingrown them let [inaudible] the state legislature from illinois is a map of the lower house, and [inaudible] infrastructure improvements, or [inaudible] the state. speaks for the first and only time about the franchise being extended to women. education is a top priority. and interesting legislative career. and i guess we think that the most, the most prominent moment in his legislative career comes when he joins a

actions from pyongyang. lincoln is meeting his japanese and south korean counterparts in the why the talks are focusing on north korea's recent flurry of miss artists were robert bry just live now from sole with the lakes at rob. so be seen a number of these missile test lately, from pyongyang, presumably north korea will be top on lincoln's agenda. they are, these tests have certainly raised the stakes here in asia pacific and i think it's been important to her from and to me blinking point of view. and also her from his counterparts, are from south korea and japan, really to put on a united front in their joint statements. and also in their joint news conference that they have delivered in hawaii, where they're all of the participants condemning what they called provocative actions by north korea. are also hinting at the possibility that kim jong on the north korean leader has possibly said that he might end the moratorium on nuclear testing. and also the launch of longer range intercontinental ballistic missiles, which would certainly really step up with that web certainly be an increase provocation and blink. and also accepted the fact that the north korea

robert todd who's married who's buried at arlington national cemetery when when visitors come to the museum, it's it's a great experience. i hope for everyone and you can learn many things about abraham lincoln about his times about the civil war. i hope they leave realizing at least one thing and that's that lincoln is still very relevant to us today that the ideas he stood for is still the idea is that we as a nation say we aspire to today and that he can be a great model for all of us of how we attain those attain those principles. akather. who are your favorite entertainers? that you have come to like in your lifetime. oh gosh. well, first of all, they're all dead. that's one thing that tells you something about my tenuous attachment to contemporary culture. one thing. i totally meant i literally lived through. rock and roll and rock

robert e. lee back across the potomac river -- which they did at the ballot of antitam just a week before the cabinet meeting -- lincoln had said he had made this vow that he was going to send the proclamation after him, and now he was going to fulfill that vow. now, this astonished the members of his cabinet. they were a bunch of hard-bitten politicians. they weren't used to this kind of of thing. and one of them actually said, would you mind repeating yourself? did i hear you correctfully and lincoln said is, yeah, yeah, i made a vow to my maker that i would issue this proclamation, and now i am going to do it. are there moments like that in american history that show a direct influence of a president'st faith on decision making? >> i think there are multiple examples. one that comes to mind from more recent years for us that do history as well as politics is president ronald reagan. and after he survived the assassination attempt, he said that hen believed that god had spared him to do something even moreod than he'd been doing thus far as president. and then if you think about the relationship that he had already s

robert todd who's married who's buried at arlington national cemetery when when visitors come to the museum, it's it's a great experience. i hope for everyone and you can learn many things about abraham lincoln about his times about the civil war. i hope they leave realizing at least one thing and that's that lincoln is still very relevant to us today that the ideas he stood for is still the idea is that we as a nation say we aspire to today and that he can be a great model for all of us of how we attain those attain those principles. recently on american history tv ron james discussed his book the truman court law and the limits of loyalty and whether president harry truman set the president for a politicized supreme court with his nominations. it's a shock to the system. and i think that i think it's an excellent point steve that i've actually spent a good good amount of time thinking about over the last few years about how that how that was a shock to americans reading their newspapers or listening to their radio and it's saying who even is this guy? and what's happening here and he's in charge and we're at war and so and it kind of came to a head and later times and part of why i came to

and the fact that lincoln then as part of this new birth of freedom publicly announces that two days after robert e, lee surrenders. uh is as a noteworthy because it means he's shifting away from or other moderate position on on reconstruction to a much more radical position and frederick douglass said that i was in that audience that day on on april 11th, 1865, and i was disappointed in the scope of the recommendation for black voting rights because it was so limited just to the veterans of the armed and the very intelligent. but we should have recognized and many my abolitionist friends were also disappointed, but we should have recognized that that was an extremely important speech because abraham lincoln learned his statesmanship in the school of rail splitting and to split a rail you take a wedge and you insert the thin edge of the wedge into the log and then you drive it home with a big hammer a mall and we should have known that once abraham lincoln inserted the thin edge of the wedge publicly that you could count him to drive home the thick edge of the wedge, but there was one gentleman i

robert e. lee on a cliff side. she hired -- who had no choice. she was living in connecticut, he was the son, she had mania sculptures. he was really gunning for getting commission to do the lincoln memorial. he even named his son lincoln. to try to create favor and that didn't work out. wondering what he was going to do next when he got out. this called for -- coming down and looking at the mountain. she comes down and says this is the perfect mountain. it is made of granite. it is in canal. it is in a lot of american houses, fort knox. he said that would be a beast of cake to carve it. the only problem, it should be about the -- proposed 700 figures, at least 35 feet tall. all the branches of the confederate army, from every state. he wanted it to be a monument -- he negotiated a contract where he would get a percentage of the cost of the monument. the more figures he could carve, the more money he will collect. the only problem with that, once he signed the contract, he didn't know how to carve a mountain. no one carved a figure in mountainside, especially not that many feet off the ground. he eventually figured it out after a lot of trial and error. he had collected about 90%

lincoln, george washington, thomas jefferson and teddy roosevelt. that's all the presidents on mount rushmore. joined by garfield, hoover, sherman and sheridan, roberthistory wrong, which was perhaps no surprise because the committee initially said they did not want to include historians. it was so pointlessly polarizing it was abandoned soon after being announced. what really missed parents off the school board was spending time on that while it should have been focused on getting schools safely reopened. they met resistance from the teachers union. schools didn't open until this past fall despite vaccines being widely available. it moved to change admissions from academically elite program from being merit based to a lottery system to improve the diversity of the student body this. provoked a backlash when the school board vice president was found to have tweeted in 2016 asian americans were using white supremacist thinking to assimilate and get ahead. there's a lot to unpack there. it's safe to say it wasn't helpful. collins was recalled with a stunning 79% of the vote in an election where asian americans turned out in high numbers. that 79% in a

robert e. lee on the side of the cliff. she hired dustin, a strange choice because he lived in connecticut and was the son of danish immigrants and head made his name sculpting portraits of lincoln. he even named his son lincoln and wanted to be commissioned to do the lincoln memorial. it didn't work and he was broke and in debt and didn't know what to do next when out of the blue he got this call from georgia. so he went down and said this is a perfect mountain, made of granite, it is in the panama canal and fort knox and it will be a piece of cake to carve it. but you are thinking too small. it should not just be a bust of lee. it should be hundreds of figures at least 35 feet tall to cover the mountain. he wanted this to be a shrine for the south, as he put it. he didn't want this because he was a proud southern advocate, it's because he negotiated a contract where he would get a percentage of the total cost of the monument. so the more he could carve, the more money he could collect. the only problem was he signed the contract but he did not know how to carve in a mountain, especially not that high. they start hundreds of feet up in the air. he eventually figured it out. it

roberts on booknotes+, available wherever you get your podcasts. announcer: american history tv, saturdays on c-span2, exploring the people and events that tell of the american story. at 6:00 p.m. eastern, lincoln including noah feldman, talk about the president's speeches and what they revealed about his views on the constitution. at 3:00 p.m., we will feature the abraham lincoln forum in gettysburg with discussions on the civil war with lucas mora, author of "lincoln and in american founding." and the author of "on juneteenth ." and the author of "ends of war." watch american history tv, saturday on c-span2. find a full schedule on your program guide or watch online as c-span org/history. announcer: "washington journal" continues. host: joining us is "usa today" opinion columnist james bovard here to talk about the covid-19 response, the testing and politics. talk about the so-called freedom convoys along the u.s.-canada border. what is behind the sentiment and rationale for blockading the trade and traffic? guest: people have to recognize that the government of canada blockaded those people's lives at first. the prime minister was basically trying to throw everybody out of work who refused t