manuscript at various stages of development and providing valuable feedback and finally robin this is robin lavoie everyone an extraordinary historical researcher thinker colleague and friend whose deep intelligence and dedication helped me create and shape this book into its final form. [applause] i'm going to read several excerpts from a book to give you a whims of the layered story of postnuclear survival and after the reading there will be time for questions. the first segment i were read everybody hear me first of all? the first segment i will read begins with the exact moment of nagasaki from a specially modified b-29 bomber six miles from the city. by this time in the story readers have been introduced already to the five survivors whose stories are woven throughout the book. all of them were teenagers at the time of the bombing. a the material here is important and also difficult to hope you will be able to barrett. it's about eight minutes long. the five-ton plutonium bomb plunged towards the city. 47 seconds later a powerful implosion forced the plutonium core to compress from the size o