we will do rocketry like rocket lab. and then we will do hard science. we will invent new medicine.we do very unusual things. robotics, semiconductor stuff -- we have even done a nuclear project. emily: you believe that most vcs actually hurt companies, not help them. what do you mean by that? vinod: you know, applying traditional business school and business metrics to innovative start ups is the wrong thing. and when people focus on irr's and rates of return -- on those, they actually hurt the company. i don't believe just because you are an investor, you have earned the right to advise an entrepreneur by being a board member. if you are going to advise entrepreneurs, you should have started companies, known how hard and painful it is, how difficult the trade-offs are. it is painful being an entrepreneur. life is not easy. and unless you have empathy for an entrepreneur by having done it yourself, you don't have the right to advise an entrepreneur, in my view. so one rule i had -- in 30 years, i have never ever voted against an entrepreneur. they do not need hypocritical politenes

letting them know that there are clubs and there are after-school activities that are involved in rocketry and r of that nature, that it can actually be fun. and that early exposure can carry through. >> dr. simmons, you have a great example of a sleepover where all of that happens? >> yes, yes. i am really passionate about getting girls engaged in s.t.e.m. and so, so many of the girls in the younger ages are saying, i just, i can't do it, you know. it's not something that's easy for me. and so, for those girls that are not the "a"-"b" students, i wanted to reach out in prince george's county, our local community. we invited 60 of the young girls, high school girls, junior-aged girls, that are not doing so well and do not see themselves purg a s.t.e.m. career so we could show them exactly what it is we do. so, we had challenges and competitions and we did star-gazing, and they all had women mentors that stayed with them the entire night. and so, we also connected with the first lady's let girls learn program. so, our girls spoke with the girls in south africa and talked about some of the c

scaled-down version by doing the calculations with of missiles they could create a staged system of rocketry they launched jupiters see and breaks all records raises 3,335 miles into the air and it could have launched the first satellite of full-year ahead of sputnik but it was played down with sandbags -- weighed down with sandbags but to hear the bitterness and the inter that they should have been able to launch the first satellite. but not until sputnik was launched then second sputnik was launched that eisenhower finally gave the group the go-ahead a plunge in 90 -- they launched in 1958 that is one of many innovations in one of the most surprising for me to learn about then later things change so much they go from being computers to the first computer programmers at the lab and that is due to a woman named helen their longtime supervisor and her push to bring them early training and from there they went on to work on an incredible number of missions. >> in the case of harvard it was somebody giving money order j. plo or nasa. >> i want to answer your third question from before about the