rory challands -- to remember mement. rory challands has -- remember boris nemtsov. rory challands reports. >> all day people brought candles and flours. >> it's a tragedy for the country. people like him are important who wan lead ours and follow their views and are honest. trrnalts >> translation: it's hard for me to talk about it. i feel sorry for him as a person. he was murdered. i don't know if it was a provocation, it doesn't matter. this person was part of the history. for some he was a positive figure for some negative. this for the man thought to be the predecessor for boris yeltsin. boris yeltsin chose a little-known spy chief, vladimir putin, and boris nemtsov opposition. one more difficult to be heard from >>> this was no low-level domestic job. ambassadors came with a message that the way russia investigates the crime will be watched in capitals far away. >> we gather with the u.n. ambassador to pay release at the site of the killing of boris yeltsin. >> translation: why do you think this was important? >> it's a brutal murder and we are appalled by the

if not she'll close rory challands, al jazeera. >> for the latest you can keep track of the details from our website, aljazeera.com. >>> on america america, a local woman barely known outside of her alabama hometown became the image of bloody sunday seen around the world, but she clearly recalls the terror that day. >> beating them with sticks, had. >> crack baby's were supposed to be ticking time bombs. their prospects stunted at birth, but it turns out the script that was written for them was wrong. >> so when you hear the world reaction.

rory challands what's the situation there? >> the sakarov center, named against an important dissident. the coffin of boris nemtsov the memorial center started quite a while ago but many are still filing in. representatives of all 28 eu countries have a representative here, the former british prime minister came about 45 minutes ago. we understand the polish representative was denied entry. after the memorial service boris nemtsov's body will be taken to a cemetery in moscow where he will be laid to rest. >> i'm sure everyone is wondering what happened. his imirl friend girlfriend is being loued to return home to ukraine. >> there are theories why he died but hasn't been significant progress in catching the persons behind it. they are looking at cctv footage, confiscated various bits of evidence and they are making various lines of examination but beyond that we don't really know much about what's happening in the investigation itself. you're right as you say the girlfriend of boris nemtsov a ukrainian woman anna duritska, has

rory challands, moscow. >> rory, hi, there. vast numbers out on the street. as you say, >>> to take the wind out of the sails. now one of those pieces of legislation, specifically targeted freedom of assembly. what it does is if you want to have a protest that's bigger than one person, you have to get this specific approval of the city authorities and clearly, if you are wanting dog something that the authorities don't want to happen, it's unlikely you are going to get that protest approved or what they might do is shouldn't you out to someplace on the outskirts of town. that's what was going to happen to this protest before the death of boris nemtsov. now, obviously since he was killed, the authorities had a change of heart and decided that maybe it was prudent to allow this particular event, a kind of one-off perm miss to be held right in the sentcenter of the capitol. >> rory how has the killing and the march today been covered by the russian media? >> reporter: sfwls a vorax of speaking ill of the dead. what you are not hearing at the moment is anything p

rory challands. al jazeera. crimea. >> the united nations human rights chief criticized the trial that led to a terrorism conviction against the president of the moldives. they say there were flagrant irregularities in the case against him. the elected leader of the maldives was sentenced to 13 years in jail. the court ruled that he illegally ordered the arrest in in 2012. nasheed was ousted in a cue of coup in the same year. >>> food, water and shelter are urgently needed in vanuatu. >> the first military aircraft arrived on the island of tanna midmorning, four days after the storm. on board, no food, no water but people. >> i could ring bring a range of capabilities capabilities from our unit. but there are only certain things we can bring on the aircraft. today we brought in a reconnaissance party. >> the team fanned out. people with homes destride are not expecting any help. down a track into the storm-shredded forest we came across tom already rebuilding. his father's house was destroyed on saturday. on sun

rory challands reports from the are russian capital. >> manima makes a great pasta now its doors are closing. the perfect storm of economic factors ahave taken their toll. factors like the inflation caused by a weakened ruble. >> this place is became of italian cuisine everything got more expensive after the embargo, the ingredients got more expensive. >> for svetlana, it was a crushingly sad moment. this was a family restaurant. >> can you imagine what this means for our staff? some have gone from waiters to managers. we're closing with tears in our eyes. >> it's not just mamina pasta. these are tough times for lots of moscow restaurants. a lot of industry experts are predicting a quarter of the city's eateries will close their doors in 2016. diners eating habits are changing. more people seem to be sharing food rather than ordering their own and drinking water rather than ordering alcohol. in short they're spending less. but the situation isn't as bad as all that say some in the business. yes times are tough but tough times result in better business models. >> translator: the marke

rory challands is in crimea where they are marking the one year anniversary of the annexation. >> for many, this was our choice. they voted for it in the referendum. and our victory. they did it despite the the objections of the west. polls done recently suggest 80 to 85% of crimians suggest what happened was a good decision viewing it as a homecoming to mother russia. crimea's celebrations may be stage managed but they are genuinely felt by the region's majority ethnic russians. in crimea's administrative center the mood is jub lapt. >> we are very glad. we doubted it in the beginning, but now are sure of the future with russia. we have sentiments about joining russia. >> translation: i lived here for 25 years, during the ukranian period we didn't see anything good now with russia life is easier. you can feel free. russia is a big state and a big future a powerful future. there were organised celebrations in moscow and a few words from a man who posted that he handled the take over the crimea personally. we will go forward, strengthen our state hoot. overcoming all difficulties. and,

rory challands, al jazeera moscow. >> fred weir joins us. it is the case that indemnify was very much portrayed certainly by the state media as a traitor against the kremlin. >> yes and we have had a real whipping up of patriotic feelings. the society has become extremely polarized and people who even just a few years ago were considered to be maybe opposition critics or something now are considered enemies. and this is quite explicit on tv, in newspapers and so on. people like nemtsov sort of morphed into traitors and enemies in the official, you know, view and that's what most russians get. so yes this extreme polarization is a product of kremlin politics. we also have this war it's a secret sort of war but it's clearly going on in ukraine and russian volunteers ultranationalists are going coming back with that combat experience and with their own expectations. we saw this before when we had wars in chechnya. the whole society becomes brutalized as in the murders in the past such as anna politskaya, the war that's happening just under the

rory challands we want to the city to see if life has changed for creme vinnie tatars. >> reporter: he slept in his bed since last september. his bag hangs where he left it. his cloth where they were hung on the day men in black uniforms abducted the 18-year-old and his cousin. now his father is left happen roping and dreaming and wondering if he is in any way to blame. >> during one the interrogations of at abduction, the investigating committee said they studied all possible versions and were considered one connected with me and my my activity. i asked what he meant. he said you need to be careful of my behavior. i asked does that mean my children are alive. he smiled and shrugged his shoulders. >> reporter: he was deputy chairman of the tatars' informal pardon me lament before it was should down by crimea's new administration. tata tar mediatar media outlets have been raided or denied licenses last month a body of a tatar man was found with signs of torture. the issue you of crimea's tatars is a deeply complex one comeing from their deportation to central asia in 1944 and then their

they are preparingto to celebrate in simferopol about rory challands has the story. >> such jubilation isn't for everyone, others have business to run. on the wind buffeted step land of central crimea these new vinyl yards have struggled through winter frosts and a year of political upheaval but for the director it's come with upsides. >> since crimea became a part of russia we have a status of domestic producers and can easily sell our produce. plus, we have good government support. >> reporter: one of the biggest challenges for producers has been water supply. ukraine provided 85% of crimea's water down this pipe. now the canal is dry. ukraine shut the water off last april. for other kinds of businesses the problem has been substantial. >> taking all the money in our current account. for a small business like us, the sum was considerable. we needed the money for taxes salaries bills to suppliers the money is irretrievable now. >> for this area off many vees visa and mastercard pulled their service. the only thing i can do is cancel. this has been annoying for businesses and individua

rory challands minsk. >> peter, good to have you with us. you just heard rory challands say that elections are a forgone conclusion. blieg that people care more about security, preserving the independence of belarus after seeing what happened in ukraine than they do about democracy and freedoms. >> there is a cause of democracy in belarus every since lukoshenko came to power in 1974. >> he has distanced himself of late. >> russia's economy has been sinking so he is trying to hedge his bets. he doesn't want to go down with the sinking ship that is russia's economy now. >> you would think this is a country that would be completely ripe for a strong opposition. it is more soviet than the russians. a state run economy an economy that's not very good. why do polls show that people don't consider throwing over the government of any significance? >> for 20 years he has been in power, he has cleared the political field for himself with kgb machinery a lot of his political opponents had to go into exile. from belarus they have had to operate from pol

rory challands, al jazerra crimea. >>> the russian president vladimir putin signed a treaty to bring. ] under full russian control. the region broke away from georgia in 2008, after russia and georgia fought a five-day war. it will now be easier for people there to become russian citizens. >>> our guy sought some of the strongest' at this tobacco laws in the world with tight retricks on his where cigarettes can be smoked and how they are sold. but in this report from the capital. the tobacco industry is starting for fight back. >> reporter: 80% of these packets are covered in warnings. rotting teeth sexual impotence damage to lungs and to unborn baby. for uruguay, they are part of a campaign it believes saves lives. but tobacco giants philip mores international, is suing uruguay for what it says are unfair trade practices. >> translator: many countries are waiting to see how this case end so that they can continues with their own anti-tobacco measures. but as we wait, thousands of people are dieing. >> reporter: the man behind the message is former oncologist and recently reelected pr

rory challands, al jazerra moscow. >>> rescue teams in afghanistan were able to reach some remote villagessunday after a massive avalanche. bulldozers and other machinery began clearing roads that that have been cut off for more than a week. one of the villages hit boot an latch of villageers dug know from under crushed houses looking for body. local people say 22 people have been killed there and four wounded. >>> australian, i i want near and malaysia are testing a new method of tracking aircraft over the indian ocean. on how long them to be located every 15 minutes. the new technology is under trial nearly a year after malaysia airplanes flight disappeared with 239 people on board. >>> south korea's military said north korea has fired two short range missiles in to the sea. they flew for about 500-kilometers before entering the water it's been seen as a protest against joints military drills by south korea and the u.s. military. >> reporter: when two countries are technically still at war any show of force makes people nervous. every year without fail, south korea's military shows off i

. >> outside the kremlin rory challands reports that while russia celebrates the west is not happy. >> reporter: crimea's celebrations may well be stage managed but they are genuinely felt by the region's majority of ethnic russians. in simferopol, the mood the jubilant. >> we are very glad. we doubted a little bit in the beginning but now our future is with russia. despite our difficulties this transitional year, we have patriotic sentiments about joining russia. >> i've lived here for 25 years and during the ukrainian period we didn't see anything good. now with russia life is easier. you feel free. i can realize my plans. russia is a big state with big future and powerful potential that can stand up for its people. >> there were big organized celebrations in moscow too and of course a few words from the man who boasted in a recent documentary that he handled the takeover of crimea personally. >> translator: we will go forward, we will strengthen our statehood, which we created for ourselves all of the time recently. and of course we will overcome the problems and difficulties that

. >>> still to come - i'm rory challands in moscow russia where industry insiders are expecting a quarter of restaurants to close in the capital in 2015. keep watching to find out why >>> in sport - world number one rory mcilroy showed his frustration in florida. richard with the details. >>> in the 25 years since communism collapsed urban russians developed a taste for dining out. moscow boasts 11,000 restaurants. but the problems in the wider economy are taking its toll, and it's feared a quarter of those establishments could close this year. rory challands reports from the russian capital. >> reporter: this man makes a fine pizza. for 11 years they have been serving mus kav it italian food. now the doors are closing. economic factors have taken their tolling, like inflation and russia's ban of fresh produce from the e.u. >> translation: after the embargo everything became expensive. it was 2% more expensive. since 1 january, they raised the rent 2.5 times. >> reporter: it is a crushingly sad moment. this was a family restaurant. >> translation: can you imagine what it means from our st

rory challands is there for us. >> tell us what it will be like. >> it's a big day of rejoicing. it's an administrative center of crimea. a hub in the celebration is here but also in the important port city. it's called the crimean spring. that this was our chose and our victory and a sense here that crimea had to return home. polls that have been done in the last few days suggest that some 80 to 85% of crimeans are behind this decision and the move to bring crimea back into the russian folds. not everyone agrees. there are minority groups like the tatars and ukranian activists who found life over this last i can't remember has been getting quite tough. >>> this man has not slept in his bed since september. his bag hanging where he left it and the clothes where they were hung on the day men in black uniforms abducted the 18 yield and his cousin. his father is left half hoping half grieving and wondering if he's in any way to blame. >> translation: during one of the interrogations after the abduction, the committee said they studied all versions and were considering one connected

rory challands are al jazeera crimea. >> sham referendum in crimea, the united states reiterates its condemnation of a vote that wasn't voluntary transparent or democratic. we do not nor will we recognize russia's attempted annexation, calling for putin to recall his annexation of crimea. >> today was the russian president's first public meeting since march 5th. are he foiled rumors that he was in switzerland with his girlfriend for the birth of their child. he said things would be boring without gossip. >> death of russian politician boris nemtsov one suspect lawyer says the man had an alibi on the night nemtsov was killed. the charges have been changed the accusation of ever murder, based on political or ideologic hatred. nemtsov was gunned down late last month near the kremlin. >> coming up devastation in the island nation of vanuatu. >> the category 5 storm leaves hundreds dead. we still don't know the extent of the damage. >> the billion dollar art fair. in hong kong, also artful for those with smaller wallets. >> today in our off the radar segment we focus on hunger in south su

rory challe challands, al jazerra cremia. >> ukraine's parliament has approved a draft law granting speciallimited self rule to separatist-held regions in the east. self govern's for pro-russia rebels was a key part of the peace deal agreed in minsk back in february. an appeal by president petro poroshenko asking the u.n. to send peacekeepers to eastern ukraine has also been approved. >>> back to frankfurt now. showed some of these pictures earlier in the broadcast. this is an anti capital civil protest in the heart of germany's financial system in frank ford. well, you can see the police have come in there fires burning and the reports we had a little bit earlier were of the police saying one officer was injured and at least two cars were set on fire. this is because the e.c.b. the european sent program bank is opening its new headquarters there, big billion dollars sky scraper and this movement has taken exception to that. there was a slight concession from the e.c.b. said there would be 20 guests taking part of the ceremony today which was appropriate for the time of economic crisis but

rory challands is in moscow with more. >> boris nemtsov hoped sunday's rally would be a reenergizing of the antikremlin march. but nemtsov was not here to see it and his murder arguably is the main reason so many people came. >> translator: we came to protest because they killed a man. a whan man who was telling -- a man who was telling the truth. we thought the authority actions are a travesty. we thought the man was telling the truth. >> i came because boris was killed, not only because of that because we need to fight. we cannot live like this. i look around and shout "people i love you." >> nemtsov's face was everywhere. the bullets that killed him says this banner were meant for all of us. but also thousands of russian flags. a political statement itself in an era where leaders like nemtsov are vilified on tv as traitors. such a huge opposition rally is allowed to stay place right in the center of moscow. usually these things are kept on theout skirts of town. maybe the kremlin is thinking, grief and sorrow are more manageable public emotions than political anger. chanting, this

. >> and i'm rory challands in moscow where they expect a quarter of restaurant to close in the capitol of 2015. keep watching to find out why. >> we begin this news hour in nigeria where people have been killed in multiple attacks in borno state. this is the worst attack on a city since boko haram fighters tried to seize the state capitol at the end of january. let's go to ahmed idris. what have you been hearing there about what happened? >> well, actually it's one of the worst attacks on maiduguri since boko haram tried to take over the city way back in january. we have confirmed from officials and security sources that 150 people have been killed injured in the three attacks. 60 have been taken to one hospital and 50 others to another hospital. with they have sealed off the market and many have been asked ing to home. many have closed up shops and people are going home at the moment. >> how are people in maiduguri and how are they coping with another day of violence in boko haram. >> it has become so regular now. remember many who have fled areas that boko haram have taken over have

rory challands joins us live from moscow. why does snowden want to go back home now?porter: well as far as we can tell it is genuinely because he just wants to go home. i think he has had enough. we have heard from his lawyer as you said he was speaking at a book launch on tuesday, a book he has written about his time working with edward snowden, and he gave some fascinating incite into what is going on at the moment behind the scenes legal talks to get edward snowden back from russia to the u.s. let's listen to what he had to say. >> translator: i won't keep a secret snowden wants to return home. we are doing everything possible to resolve the issue. there is a group of u.s. lawyers, a group of german lawyers, and i'm dealing with it on the russian side. >> reporter: so lawyers talking about how to get edward snowden home. but we have heard from his lawyer here in russia saying something about the challenges that edward snowden has been subjected to since he has been in russia. because remember he came here not really wanting to end up for any length of time in russi

rory challands reports from the russian capitol. >> boris nemtsov hold sunday's rally would be a re-energizeinge crowd was vast bigger than any anti-kremlin march for years. nemtsov was not here to see it. his murder, arguabley is the main reason so many people came. >> we came to protest because they killed a man, a man who was telling the truth. we think the authorities bears'actions are a travesty of justice. a man was killed for telling the truth truth. >>> i came because boris was killed and not only because of that: because we need to fight. we cannot live like this. i look around and i want to shout, people i love you. . >> nemtsov's face was everywhere. the bullets that killed him said this banner were meant for all of us. but, also present were thousands of russian flags. a politically statement, itself when opposition leaders like nemtsov arevillefied on t.v. as traitors. >> it has surprised many people that such a huge opposition rally has been allowed to take place right in the center of moss co. usually, thingsese things are kept on the outskirts of town. maybe the kremlin is think

rory challands joins us from moscow. it has turned into a vigil after a protest march tell us what's happening on the streets and the atmosphere there. >> you're right this is a rare site in modern moscow. not since the anti putin demonstration of 2011 and 2012 have we seen so many people coming out to voice their opposition to the kremlin. of course, the main reason for why they were turning out was a mourning reason, it was for a memorial for boris nemtsov the opposition politician killed here in moscow on friday night. because it was a memorial pro discretion, this was a quiet affair. yes, there was chanting and yes they were saying russian without putin and saying these bullets that hit nemtsov were for all of us but for the main part, this was a quiet event. thousands and thousands march along the embankment hint me and up and around the cathedral and across the bridge, pass the place boris nemtsov was actually killed. for the most part, this passed without incident. the one peculiar thing that happened was one pull

and with presidential elections expected in november, rory challands has been gauging its opposition. >> reporter: the young the idealistic the discontented and the hopeful belarus' opposition is not much different now than it has been for the last 21 years in power. it's just shrunk. tens of thousands protested the elections. and elections loom once more and only a thousand attended this freedom day rally. >> there are not dozens of people attending. but knowing that people would participate. many people are working so i believe it was quite successful. >> he may have been happy with the turn out but with no clear government plan to fixing the economic slump you would expect the opposition to be making ground. this analyst explains what is happening. >> the regular traditional was basically saying that if we don't get fair and free elections we're going to call on the people to guarantee these trades. >> it was made harder by disagreements between the frack shoes array of the platforms and parties and several years of government crackdowns. >> it's also strengthened their hand to pro

if not she'll close rory challands, al jazeera. >> for the latest you can keep track of the details from our website, aljazeera.com. >>> on america america, a local woman barely known outside of her alabama hometown became the image of bloody sunday seen around the world, but she clearly recalls the terror that day. >> beating them with sticks, had. >> crack baby's were supposed to be ticking time bombs. their prospects stunted at birth, but it turns out the script that was written for them was wrong. >> so when you hear the world reaction. >> it's another still ma, another box to put me in. it bothers me. because it feels like i already had my life written off before i was able to live it. ♪ >>> thanks for joining us. i'm joie chen. tonight we examine real risks to young lives. back in the late 1980s, crack cocaine use in this country exploded. soon after came the headlines and the fears about the children labeled crack baby's. infants born damaged by their mother's addictions. the experts said these babies had small heads suffered from from -- tremors, but now signs tells a new story.

moscow's embargo on imported seafood led to soaring prices uch as rory challands reports, buyers and suppliers are struggling to adjust. >> a statue of a woman washes the cold waters waiting for a fisherman to return. this is the largest city in the arctic circle helping to put a large fishing industry with an international history. an icy grip of sorts enveloped this trade, a political one. since the pictures were filmed two years ago, the factory stopped operating being fish is banned. that's pretty. all the place did. it was vulnerable. not all plants were closed. supply lines are disrupted and the effect felt in shops and markets. >> fish is more expensive every day, going up 20% in price. >> rising prices mean people by less. >> the supplier called. they protect the fish, because there is no one to buy it. >> two of russia's popular fish - hering and salmon were imported in huge quantities. customers complip that what they find in the shop is more expensive and the quality is worse. it has presented opportunities for some. some restaurants farmed trout. the decision paying off.

rory challands reports. >> reporter: this young boy has not slept in his bed in september. his bag left where he left it and clothes, on the day when men in black uniforms kidnapped him and his cousin. his father wonders if he is to blame. >> translation: during an investigation, the investigating committee said they were checking outline versions and he said one was connected to me and my conduct. and i said what does that mean. and he smiled and shrugged his shoulders. >> reporter: he was the geety chairperson. tatars before it was shut town. >> tatar media outlet's have been raided or denied artizes. the body of one was found. >> the issue is a deeply complex one, copping this large part from deportation and their later return. it pulls in ongoing-standing arguments over land right and religious differences. the tatars is not the only winning complaining of human rights. abductions and spurious progresses i used against those in russia >> translation: another group is activists, those expressing support for ukraine or maidan. >> reporter: such accusations get short shrif

rory challands reports. >>> patiently holding offerings, they waited in line. they came to honour a man they viewed as a champion for a different russia. he was one of the best men in the country. it's a shame to say goodbye. >> he was a wonderful man with great charisma and kindness. a charming man. >> i came because no one deserves to die like he did. it's outrageous. >> dignitaries repeating all 28 countries came to the center in central moscow. former british grandmother john major suggested that the message will resonate louder. >> if anyone believes his voice will be silenced by the murder i believe they have made an error. his death will accelerate the message and will be an echo chamber for that. >> the service finished with mourners queueing up the road. those that hadn't managed to get in threw flowers at the coffin as it went past. heroes never di. >> at the cemetery on the outskirts of town more wade for the burial. many sang the lit urge yes of the church before it was lowed into the grade. >> interesting stories were told about the cemetery stalin

rory challands is there and has the report from moscow. >> nemtsov's face was everywhere. the bullets that killed him said this banner were meant for all of us but also present were thousands of russian flags, in an era where russian leaders are vilified as traitors and fifth columnist, such a huge rally is allowed to take place right in the center of moscow. usually these things are kept on the outskirts of town so maybe the kremlin is thinking grief is a more manageable emotion than political age are. some anti-putin shouting, the challenge for the opposition now is whether it the turn the grief for nemtsov's murder into real political change. nemtsov said if he were afraid he wouldn't be leading an opposition party. on friday just before midnight he was killed near kremlin shot four times from a passing car. >> translator: this is a new spiral in russia's descent into a fascist state. a murder of one of the bright est of the opposition. >> some are calling his death an safntion. assassination. nemtsov's future became one of opposition. but the opposition he fought so ha

rory challands in moscow. >> the man who has been edward snowden's lawyer pretty.ce he arrived in russia launched his book on tuesday. at the book launch he made interesting comments about what seems to be going on now behind the screens, legal discussion that is would potentially lead to edward snowden's return back to the united states. let's listen to what he had to say. >> of course, i won't keep the secrets that he is considering it and wants to return home. her doing everything possible to self-the issue. >> it's pretty much inconceivable that if edward snowden would go to the united states that he wouldn't be put on trial. he's been a fugitive of justice from two years. >>> the debate about leaks on national security were not knew. before edward snowden was painted as the enemy, there was another. a man that nixon said damaged the war against communism. ellsworth leaked pentagon papers, secret military works confirming what the public new to be true. america was losing the war in vietnam. the administration wept after emms worth and the "new york times" but

i am sure it will not frighten anyone, me or my comrades >>> let's here more from rory challands, our correspondent in moscow. >> alexi is dismissive that boris nemtsov was murdered because of the relationship in moscow, he said it was rubbish, he was murdered by a government intelligence agency or a group, on the orders of the political leadership of the country and names vladimir putin as being a possible origin of that order. so where next for the opposition. well, many of them might consider that their safety is in danger you could argue that he has been for some time a prominent member of the opposition than boris nemtsov, and maybe he is a more obvious factoring for assassination. another opposition figure was warned at boris nemtsov's funeral that her work may be next. the work goes on. the report that boris nemtsov was working on calls putin and war, the investigation of the russian military involvement in ukraine, that will be published and the opposition march which became boris nemtsov's memorial march, that has been rescheduled for april. but to make any kind of significan

rory challands is our correspondent in moscow following this story. >> it has surprised many people that this demonstration that even been allowed to take place right in the heart of russia's capitol, moscow. normally opposition demonstrations are kept way on the outskirts of town. maybe the kremlin feels that this demonstration because it is for in mourning is different and that sorrow and grief are more manageable public emotions than political anger. have a look at what's going on, at the pro fusion of russian flags being carried in this demonstration. at the moment in russia, there is a very heightened sense of patriotism and nationalism and the people seem to be saying that the kremlin and t.v. stations do not dictate for them the idea of russianness. these people might have a different idea of russian-ness and that's why they're bringing these flags. this is past the bridge and past the very spot where bore oaries nemtsov was shot. >> that rally goes on in central moscow. quite something that that is happening in the first place. >> we spoke to ben juda, who said there is no chance

. >> rory challands has more from moscow. >> reporter: aleksei that valueny is very dismissive of theat boris nemtsov was murdered as a result of the general atmosphere of hatred in russia. he says that is nonsense that boris nemtsov was murdered by a government intelligence agency or a pro-government group specifically on the orders of the political leadership of the country, and deliberately names vladimir putin as being a possible origin of that order. so where next for the opposition in many might consider their safety is in danger. he has always been a more prominent member of the opposition than nemtsov and therefore maybe he is a more obvious target. and another opposition leader was warned at the funeral that she might be next. but the report that anymore -- nemtsov was working on calls putin and war, an investigation into russian's involvement in the conflict in ukraine, and the opposition march, which became nemtsov's memorial march that march is being rescheduled for april. but to make any significant headway, the opposition is going to have to overcome the prevailing mood

rory challands reports. >> reporter: boris nemtsov hoped sun's -- sunday's rally would be a re-energizing of the opposition. boris nemtsov was not here to do it. his murder arguably was a reason why they came. >> we came to protest because they killed a man, a man telling the truth. a man was killed for telling the truth. >> translation: i came because boris was killed and not only because of that because we need to fight. we cannot live like this. i look around and i want to shout. people, i love you. >> reporter: boris nemtsov's face was everywhere. the bullet that killed him was meant for all of us. also was thousands of flags, a political statement in an era when leaders like boris nemtsov were vilified on tv as traitors and fifth columnists. it surprised many that such a huge opposition rally has been allowed to take place in the center of moscow. usually these are kept on the outskirts of town. maybe the kremlin are thinking grief and sorrow are more manageable. despite an anti-putin chant of course this was a sombre event, quiet and well behaved. but included in the arrests, an arr

. >> more from rory challands. >> section see navanny is dismissive that nemtsov was murdered because of the air of hatred in russia. next for the opposition, many consider they are in danger. you could argue that navalny has been a more prominent member of the opposition than nemtsov and maybe the more obvious target for assassination. another opposition figure was warned at boris nemtsov's funeral that she might be next, but their work goes on. the report that nemtsov was working on called putin and war an investigation into the russian military's involvement in the conflict in ukraine, that will still be published, and the opposition march, which was going to take place last weekend, which became nemtsov's memorial march that opposition march is being rescheduled for april. to make any kind of significant headway, the opposition is going to have to overcome the prevailing mood in russia at the moment which is one of nationalism in russia. >> despite recent gains in women in afghanistan they still struggle for basic freedoms and rights. >> the capture of the most wanted man help bri

rory challands is in moscow with more. >> reporter: the man who has been edward snowden's lawyer sinceved in russia was launching his book on tuesday. and he made some interesting comments about what seems to be going on behind the scenes legal discussions that would soon potentially lead to edward snowden's return back to the united states. let's listen to what he had to say. >> translator: of course i won't keep a secret that he is considering it and wants to return back home. we are now doing everything possible to solve this issue. >> reporter: it's inconvenable that if he did go back he wouldn't be put immediately on trial. we heard a little bit from the lawyer as well about edward snowden's experiences here in russia. remember that he came too moscow by fairly round about route. he arrived never having been to russia before, with no money and not speaking the language. considering all of those things his lawyer says he settled in pretty well but not well enough to want to spend the rest of his life here. and he would want to go back to the united states and face the real possibil

there have been nol commenrations but there are fears that the economy is struggling as rory challandsxplains? >> the official anniversary of what russia now calls the crimean spring is days away and the patriotic flag waving has already begun. such jubilation isn't for everyone, though. others have businesses to run. on the wind buffeted step land of central crimea these new vie yards havestructed through frosts and a year of political upheaval but for the director, it's come with upsides. >> reporter: the ukrainian market is considerably smaller than the russian. since crimea became a part of russia, we have a status of domestic producers and can easily sell our produce, plus we have good government support. >> one of the biggest challenges for producers has been water supply. ukraine provided 85% of crimeas water down this pipe now the canal it fet is dry. the ukraineians shut the water off last april. for other businesses, the problems have been financial. elana's company sells roadside advertising space. >> they banks took the money in our account. for us it was considerable. we n

rory challands reports from the russian capitol. >> reporter: mamina pasta makes a fine pizza and goodasta, too, for that matter. for 11 years, it has been serving moskovites but the doors are closing, the person storm of economic factors have taken their toll like the inflation caused by a weakened rubal and russia's ban on fresh produce from the eu. >> this is italian cuisine. after the em barbargo, everything became expensive. the rains, since the first of january, they have raised it two and a half times. >> for svetlana, it's a crushingly sad moment. this was a family restaurant. >> can you imagine what this means for our staff? some have gone from waitress to managers. we are closing with tears in our eyes eyes. >> reporter: it's not just mamina pasta. these are tough times for lots of movening 0 restaurants. a number of industry experts are predicting that a quarter of all of the capitol of eaterics will shut their doors in 2015. but restaurant owners like svetlana are seeing russia's worsening economic situation, diners' eating habits are changing. more people seem to be sharin

rory challands has more are. >> not since the anti kremlin protests of 2011-2012 ever we seen so many people on the streets of moscow in opposition to the government's policies. thousands and thousands came out and marched down the embankments behind me, up and round st. basil's cathedral past the place boris nemtsov was shot dead friday night. as you would expect for a memorial march this was a fairly quiet affair, some chanting generally dignified as the crowds marched past. the only thing to indicate a hitch was the arrest of a ukrainian m.p., a rather bizarre event. he wrote on his facebook page, saying he'd been detained by police on the march they took his passport, they hit him a little bit now they've taken him away for police detection. this is confirmed by interfax, the russian news agency, saying that the police are holding him potentially because he's wanted in connection with an event in odessa in ukraine on may two 2014 when a labor union building was burned to the ground and many, many people were dead. that's the only hitch so far that we know about. on the whole this

but thursday looking in to mo i have is rory challands is live what's the plan for today?n is boris them is off will be the subject of a memorial service taking place in the building behind me it's named after a famous late soviet era dissident it will be a very well attended event. you can probably see the large crowds gathering already. we have heard from the european delegation representing all 28 european union countries, are going to be here to pay their respects. to boris nemtsov. we also know that the kremlin is sending a representative as well. not anyone particularly high level. but they are sending someone. and then after the memorial service, has taken place the body of boris nemtsov is going to be transported to a cemetery also in moscow. where he is going to be finally laid to rest. >> and rory, investigators say that they are following several leads. any idea what they are? >> reporter: well, the investigators are not revealing that much information about what they are doing at the moment. other than to say that they have seized various pieces of material evi

rory challands reports from the russian capitol. >> babina makes a fine pizza and good pasta, too, formatter. for 11 years, it has been serving moskovites food. the perfect storm of economic factors have taken a toll: factors like the inflation caused by a weakened rubal. >> this is italian cuisine. after the embargo, everything became expensive. also, the rain. since the first of january, they have raided two and a half times. >> for svetlana, it's a crushingly sad moment. this was a family restaurant. >> can you imagine what this means for our staff? it has gone from waiters to managers. we are closing with tears in our eyes. >> it's not just mamina pasta. these are tough times for lots of moscow restaurants. a number of industry experts are predicting that a quarter of all of the capitol eateries will shut doors in 2015. restaurant owners like her are saying with russia's worsening economic situations, eating habits are caging. more seem to be sharing food rather than ordering their own and drinking water rather than ordering alcohol. in short, they are spending less. but the situat

. >> rory challands. >> footage released shows boris nemtsov in the moments before he died. a tv center released webcam footage showing two figures on the bridge where boris nemtsov was shot on friday. a passing snow plough blocks the shooter. he is shown jumping into a passing car. he spoke about opposition to vladimir putin's policies and experience as an outspoken critic of the president. >> vladimir putin started a mad aggressive policy deadly for the country in a war against ukraine. there was documented evidence. i don't hide the fact that there is pressure on the opposition. lives are spread. one has to be strong to endure this. truth is stronger. all the protests and lies. the truth is stronger. >> former champion was a close personal friend and is an outspoken russian political activist. i speak to him about the loss of his friend and what is means for the future of russia. when did you last speak to your friend boris and did you fear for his safety? >> i spoke last year. i had to leave russia two years ago, recognising that staying there could be dangerous. i know

washington says edward snowden has to face criminal charges if he returns, rory challands is in moscow. why is he saying it now, what happened. >> the remarks came from anatoni, who is edward snowden's lawyer, has been since he's been in russia. he was at a book launch a book he has written about his experiences with edward snowden and made comments we haven't heard before and about negotiations we haven't heard. we claften to them now. -- can listen to them now. >> of course i won't keep the secret. we are doing everything possible to sort the issue. >> if he gets his way, what does this mean. there's a possibility that if it goes back he will face charges. >> yes, of course he will face charges. i think edward snowden is perfectly aware of that. what his lawyer said on tuesday was that he is prepared to go back to the united states and face the inevitable charges, as long as he can be quarantined free and impartial trial. the united states says that well that's enshrined in the constitution of the country, and there's no way that he wouldn't be given a free and fair trial. the lawyer

rory challands reports. >> boris nemtsov hoped sunday's rally would be re-energizing for the desspirited opposition movement in russia. certainly the crowd was vast bigger than any march in years. boris nemtsov was not here to see it his murder arguably is the main reason many came. >> we came to protest because they killed a man, a man telling the truth. we think the authority's actions are a travesty of justice. a man was killed for telling the truth. >> i came because boris was killed. not only because of that we need to fight. i cannot live like this, i look around and want to shout people i love you. >> reporter: boris nemtsov's face was everywhere. the bullets that killed him, said this banner were meant for all of us. also present were thousands of flags. a political statement itself in an era when leaders are vilified on tv like traitors. it surprised many that such a huge rally has been allowed to take place in the center of moscow. usually they are kept on the outskirts of town. maybe the kremlin is thinking grief and sorrow is manageable public emotions than political anger. d