, i would argue that putin and his cronies had a pretty darn good rate of return on the number of rubels invested in their activities to take on our election system. i commend you for your good work and the 18 reports you have done on the robot trolling and how russian are using technology tools to exponentially increase the power of their fake news. you have cited reports that at least 8% of twitter accounts are actually bot accounts and thereby do not represent an actual person. facebook i was out recently with facebook and they pointed out the fact that in the french elections they took down about 30,000 fake accounts right before the election. i commend them because after the american election facebook acted like they had no responsibility for policing fake news. i think they have moved into a more responsible position. but i'd love to hear from all of you what role you feel the -- these platform companies that control so much information, google, facebook, twitter, et a al, have in this new world. >> senator, very briefly, i met a lot of these people that work in this space and i wa