and he realized that tail was so close to the rutter, that if provoked he could take out the steering device and as nickerson says, he would have risked losing the rutter but chase makes no mention of this. in that instance, i tend to believe nickerson on this. i don't think he's making that up and he had great respect for chase. on the other side, nickerson claims they never had to eat anybody else. that it was the bread that kept them through, when chase provides clear evidence that they were reduced to survival cannibalism. nickerson was an old man who didn't want to be remembered as a cannibal. what you need do is look at various sources, think about how their point of view would have been, what they said. and ultimately, do your best to figure out what happened on your own judgment. that's why people need to return to these stories over and over again. there's no such thing as a definitive account of any historical event, particularly as we move through time and people are interested in different kinds of things. we look back and you're interested in telling the story in differen

knocked out, beside the ship with its tale very close to the rutter, and chase had the opportunity topick up a killing lance, you know, this 18-foot spear and motion to kill the whale that attacked the ship. then he realized the tail was so close to the rutter that if provoked this whale could take out this steering device and this would be disastrous, as nickerson says. if he knew what was going to happen he would have risked losing the rutter, but chase makes no mention of this. it's interesting. so, you know, in that instance i tend to believe, you know, nickerson on this. i don't think he's making that up, and he had great respect for chase. he was in chase's whale boat when they were finally rescued. on the other side, nickerson claims they never had to eat anybody else nap it was the bread that kept them through when chase provides clear evidence that, you know, there was, you know -- they were reduced to survival cannibalism. nickerson was an old man who didn't want to be remembered as a cannibal. so what you need to do is look at the various sources. think about, you know, how

that's attached to the rutter and the tiller one deck below that goes out to the rutter. prrls and as you can see, you can't see much here. but we have a compass and we have a match grate in here where the officer of the deck and the helmsman down here will use this to steer north, north by east, north north east, whatever directions he was given by the officer of the deck. if you look at some of the colorful gemetric patterns and the way the ship is painted, you wonder why so brightly colored paint with different geometric patterns? that's so you could identify a ship over a long distance. so, no cell phones, no vhf radio for communications. you can look at the specific colors and patterns and say oh, there's mayflower. and when ships are in port, of course, the crews get together, all the captains know each other. and when they're in port next to each other, thamts how they get to know which is which ship and when you're sailing, oh, there's so and so. so, back here we have -- this is the great cabin and this would have been the master cabin. this is where master christ

with the extra tug boats and now they have the stern free which means they will have access to the rutter and they could use the ship's power to get the vessel's bow off the ground and get her totally floating and again on her way. >> she's essentially being refloated but still stuck, is that pretty much the status? what does that mean about the condition of this vessel? >> yeah, what they are saying, she's about -- 80% of the vessel is floating free, and that's probably from the bridge area to the stern, and the bow still sounds like its stuck in the debris that's there. i understand that maybe there's hard-packed rock in that area, so they are probably being very careful trying to remove the rock or sand, whichever is holding up the bow so they don't do any damage to the vessel at the time, so they are probably being very careful at that before they even try to use the ship's engines to back her away until they actually know what is under that ship, so they are probably being, like i said, real careful, and probably don't want to cause any damage if any damage has been caused so far, so

they've been able to free the propellers and rutter of the ship and that really their focus at the moment around the "ever given" to free it. if that doesn't work, the situation becomes much more complicated. they're going to have to bring in floating cranes, which don't exist here in egypt at the moment, and remove the cargo. there are 18,300 containers, according to the chairman of the suez canal authority, and to take enough of those off to lighten the load so it can finally move could take quite some time. frederica? >> oh, thank you so much, ben wedeman. >>> so with more than 300 ships backed up at the canal, $300 billion worth of goods cannot get through and that could cost all of us. bed wedeman joins us now to explain. this ship is half a world away. how could it have an impact here on everyday lives here in the u.s.? >> that ship is causing an epic traffic jam at sea. because we live in a global economy, there really are implications here for everyone's wallet here in the united states. i think there are two big things to watch, depending how long this lasts. one, we could see sh

let's head right to rutter guesser where lydia hu -- rutgers has been gauging reaction from students.about that policy that was announced just last week, we understand there will be an exception made for health and religion. but as of right now, it seems that most students that are hearing about this policy, this mandate, are in support. take a look. we got a statement from the president of the student assembly here at rutgers university. he says it is generally the right move, the newspaper also published an op it expressing support. but we've also talked to students who are raising concerns especially since faculty and staff will not be mandated to get the vaccine before the return to campus. listen to this. >> faculty, they're older than us, so they're more susceptible to the virus whereas students, we're at that age where if we do get the virus, 99.8, whatever the statistic is, we're not going to be affected by it. >> so this might be becoming a stigma around the kids that opt to stay home out of their own concerns for their health. >> reporter: to be clear, fact i allty and staff

rutters just announced they got approval to set up their own vaccination clinic but, geoff, they don'that supply. >> nbc's lindsey reiser. you can catch more on this story in the latest breaking news because lindsey will be back bright and early tomorrow morning at 6:00 a.m. here on msnbc. make sure to tune in. >>> joining us now is dr. peter hotez, the co-director of the center for vaccine development at texas children's hospital. doctor, it's good to see you. we'll start where lindsey left off. should colleges require students at this point to be vaccinated if they want to attend in-person classes this fall? >> yes, and the answer is absolutely yes. here's the reason. one of the things we learned in this pandemic in the united states is 530,000 covid confirmed cases among college and university students, an extraordinary number. colleges and universities have been among the epic centers of this pandemic and 100 deaths and a lot of those among staff and more than any other group, staff and faculty. so this is a public health urgency. and we have precedent for this. my youngest son wen