ryan cummings, ryan, thank you so much for your time today. >> thanks for having me, kristen. >> so canada'srime minister and mexico's president tried to sound strong and independent while making their announcements today. but in reality, is this a capitulation on their parts? >> well, i don't want to speak for the canadian or mexican government, certainly. but if you look at what the president trump was trying to extract a complete stop of fentanyl coming across the border, i don't think these actions are going to achieve that. now. granted, i think the tariffs in the first place were way too blunt of a tool to try and achieve this goal. so i think everybody, including the canadians and mexicans, want to reduce the flow of fentanyl into the united states. but the way this went about was very chaotic and caused a lot of disruption. >> explain that a little bit more, right. drawing on your experience with the white house council of economic advisors, when do you use the blunt tool? when do you use a surgical tool? when do you apply tariffs and why do you not want to do it too broadly, like he