samuel gompers scum eventually the founder of the american federation of labor, who at this point was an immigrant, english that are make or in the lower east side was that this event and left a lifelong indelible mark on him in terms of understanding class relations in the city. so what do you do when the sense of a city out war with itself seems to threaten the property classes and maybe even the city government. this is -- these are national guardsmen in 1895 in brooklyn, streetcar workers strike that year. by the late 1800s, national guards units, which are state-sponsored often of wealthy businessmen and professionals who join join or form these units see themselves as kind of the airsick class war, we are going to be the front line or responsibility for property, for stability and for security at the city. and of course there is a physical dimension or architectural dimension for this, which is the primary, which by 19 tenderer 20 armories in new york city built partly with state money, saving money, also with donations, contributions from the guard units themselves to occupy th