alvin is a deep water submersible built for scientific research.taking explorers down to 20,000 feet under the sea. it once dove to the titanic wreck in the north atlantic. showing the world secrets of the famous sunken ship. >> when you are alvin and you're looking out, you look at everything in three dimensions. as a scientist it helps you define the whole geologic context. >> the dorado outcrop. only ahandful of scientists have studied these outcroppings. >> sediments in the ocean have one of the largest reservoirs of microbial life on earth. >> what are the questions you hope to answer as a scientist? >> fluid composition. >> deep water heating and cooling systems. until the dorado outcrop outcrop expedition, how it's filtered through earth's crust. >> you have the sea water that's circulating through the crust so even if you take a little bit of the pag knees magnesium or carbon dioxide, even a 1% anomaly could be huge on a global scale. >> aboard atlantis technicians work around the crop prepping alvin for its dive as scientists fine tune the

here is butterfield on the scientific revolution. he said it outshines everything since the rise of christianity. at the beginning it raises the question how do we get here. i don't know the answer to that but i have an image. it wasn't his way of educating pigeons and reinforcing the success. this is the end of the main part of the book and bible read this which offers this point of view. having surveyed the history of physical science i would like now to offer some tentative thoughts on what drove us to the modern conception of science represented by the achievements of newton and the success. nothing like modern science was conceived as a goal in the ancient world were the medieval world and indeed even if the predecessors could have imagined science as it is today they might not have liked it very much. modern science is in personal without the interventions or outside of the behavioral sciences for human values. it has no sense of purpose and offers no hope for certainty. so how did we get here? faced with a puzzling world, peop

scientific advisory boards provide expert scientific advice and make recommendations on subject matter from stem education to energy research and development. it is essential that advisory board members be qualified, none political, to provide nonpartisan advice and give appropriate recommendations that are free of bias. advice and recommendations based on the best available evidence. advice and recommendations that will be further -- will further science not inhibit it. in this rammed, the speaker of the house -- amendment, the speak of the house would appoint three members, while the majority leader of the senate would appoint two additional members to this advisory board. some of these advisory boards have only 15 members. this amendment would allow republican and only republican leaders of congress to appoint 1/3 of these members. this amendment is clearly meant to politicize these advisory boards. while the response of this amendment is messaging it as giving congress a bigger voice that is just not accurate. ask for or necessary. congress already has the biggest and final voice.

>> the immortal jellyfish -scientific name: turritopsis dohrnii- sounds fantastical. but what it can do is amazing - and its something no other known species on earth can do. these tiny organisms can reverse their aging process, reverting back to the original polyp form after reaching an adult state or experiencing trauma. but despite its name this jellyfish is only technically immortal. >> why are the immortal jellyfish so hard to keep alive? >> the secret he says lies in studying what is the blueprint of all living species - the dna in its genome. >> you really enjoy these guys? huh? >> he hasn't yet found the key to our immortality. but to professor kubota, the jellyfish is an inspiration. >> professor kubota's dream may still be far from a reality, but many others are beginning to ask the same question he is: are we humans resigned to aging? is there any reason that we shouldn't be? across the world it's precisely these thoughts that have sparked a movement. those at the forefront of digital innovation are building a new industry the titans of silicon valley are g

the court ruled it does not meet scientific standards. japanese fisheries ministry hopes to resume research whaling toward the end of the year. >> translator: we will try our best to have the members of the committee understand the scientific basis of our new plan. >> japanese government officials are offering to reduce the number of whales caught to one-third the figure in the previous plan. the committee won't decide whether japan can restart the whaling program. its members will consider it only from a scientific point of view. >>> there's more to come on "newsline," but first, a three day outlook of the world's weather. >>> and before we wrap up, a wholesaler in northern japan has shelled out big bucks for fruit. he paid more than $12,000 at an auction in hokkaido on a pair of premium melons. a wholesale market sold 42 ewe body melons, the year's first auction for the fruit. the very expensive treat is popular as a luxury gift for its rich, sweet taste. the winning bidder said his prize produce will be sold to a supermarket in niigata

and you know so. >> larry: okay, also give me your scientific reason why do you think brothers don't see ufos. >> it's an interesting fact. yeah, yeah they don't-- . >> larry: my theory is we have a block against ships that might take us -- >> yeah yeah. >> larry: i think we have a block, right. i think it's a block. >> absolutely. >> larry: i'm just saying. >> that hadn't occurred to me that-- well it's just most black folk live in cities and aliens have this shall did --. >> larry: i love there is a scientific reason. >> but wait a minute. most of the united states live in densely populated cities. and aliens that visit us tend to be shy and only visit places where there are hardly any people. that minimize the eye witnesses who can account for it so this is how you get the statistics of black folk not seeing aliens. >> larry: all right very good. i have one more conspiracy theory to discuss with you guys. we'll be right back and we'll get to that. (cheers and applause) right now, verizon is offering unlimited talk and text. plus 10 gigs of shareable data. yeah, 10 gigantic gigs. f

particular concern about the role of sound, scientific principles at the commission, the interaction between the commission and regulated industries, the rule-making agenda and the execution of congressional mandates for third-party burden reduction and the continued request for new authority to impose user fees. there is a fundamental constitutional issue with moving the power of the purse from congress to a regulatory agency with no experience in dispersing fees. a wide range of open agenda items at the commission require significant scientific evaluation and testing to nano technology to window curves to recreational off-road vehicles. the commission has a capacity to base its decision on supportable scientific findings and for an agency to move away from science and scientific principles as may have happened with the chronic hazard advisory panel report where even the office management guidelines for peer review were ignored. the commission's authorizing statute is based upon the presumption that the preferred regulation for product safety. safety is a strong incentive for both p

and in our signature segment, funding cuts and increased competition may be limiting scientific discovery in the united states. >> we're leaving half of the great science on the table that's coming to us now because we can't find the funds for it. >> sreenivasan: next on pbs newshour weekend. >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirement products. that's why we are your retirement company. additional support is provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. from the tisch wnet studios in lincoln center in new york hari sreenivasan. >> sreenivasan: good evening and thanks for joining us. we begin with late breaking developments in the middle east. isis fighters have taken control of ramadi and iraqi forces have fled. a spokesman for the governor of anbar province says, "the city has fallen." ramadi is now the first major urban center seized by insurgents in iraq since isis launched attacks there last

. >> the doctor is taking an interesting approach to scientific research. the labs that he run is struckured like a bio tech start up. when he found out i had my phd from calendar tech and the work i had done was with fluorescents, he got really excited, and then we couldn't stop talking. to be able to see a type of scientific technique curing cancer or reducing number of surgeries for a cancer patient that's really the ultimate goal, so it was very rewardling. >> i know this is your field, so you know a lot about this stuff. i'm curious, where is this going? what are the potential applications for the technique. >> for this specifically, this fluorescent detection of cancer, we need to expand our tool kid so we can identify many different types of cancer. right now, this technique is still experimental, being used only for breast cancer and skill cancer but that's not all there is out there. because cancer cells look so different, getting specific with that fluorescent dye is going to be a real challenge. >> do you think it will become standard? >> we hope

japanese experts will meet on friday with members of the scientific community of the international whaling community in wisteria lane. the committee will discuss tokyo's revised plan to conduct research whaling. the international court of justice last year ordered japan to stop the program. the court ruled that it does not meet sign tick standards. japanese fisheries ministry hope to resume research whaling towards the end of the year. >> translator: we will try our best to have the members of the committee understand that scientific basis of our new plan. >> japanese government officials are offering to reduce the number of whales caught to one-third of the previous plan. >>> finance ministry officials have released data showing that japan is still the biggest creditor nation. they say the gap between value of overseas assets held by japan and what foreigners own in the country is the widest in the world. the officials refer to that difference as net external assets totalling nearly $3 trillion. third straight record high and 24th year in a row when japan has ranked as the world's top cre

collins is putting together, how these scientific entrepreneurs, dr. vent ner in california philadelphia other places how that relates to the president's proposal for a million individuals. i look forward to hearing the cost. the cost to the human gee gnome have been reduced in the last two decades. dr. collins testified i believe that he said 15 years ago would cost about 400 million to sequence the first human gee gnome, whereas today it is about $1,000. very often in health care innovation initially increases costs, doesn't mean we shouldn't innovate. they can increase costs but in the long term decrease health care costs. take alzheimer's which according to alzheimer's association will cost $226 billion this year along with other dementia. we could use precision medicine to delay onset or cure of the disease. save precious dollars in health care systems and alleviate some grief and pain associated with it. the committee has spent time and will spend more on improving electronic electronic health records. the federal government has spent $28 billion

>> well, this adds a degree of scientific rationale, scientific basis, evidence basis to make a difficult decision because it's going to cost resources they're going to have to be much more aggressive in seeking out people, voluntarily testing them, getting them linked to cairnd getting them on therapy. that's not easy. but the you're going to make a policy decision to do that you want to do it based on solid, scientific data, and that's the reason why the community is viewing this trial as being so important because it gives a firm, scientific reason to make an important policy decision. >> woodruff: so who is going to bear the responsibility now for coming up with the funds coming up with the resources to make this happen? >> it's going to be a global thing. for example, i mean, this is a global pandemic. there are now 36 million people living with h.i.v. the majority in developing worlds, sub saharan africa. so there will be country involveds the w.h.o. with their recommendation. if the w.h.o. comes out now and makes a recommendation to start everyone as soon as you find out they're h.

collins is putting together, how these scientific entrepreneurs, dr. ventner in california, philadelphia, other places, how that relates to the president's proposal for a million individuals. i look forward to hearing the cost. the cost to the human genome have been reduced in the last two decades. dr. collins testified i believe that he said 15 years ago would cost about 400 million to sequence the first human genome, whereas today it is about $1,000. very often in health care innovation initially increases costs, doesn't mean we shouldn't innovate. they can increase costs but in the long term decrease health care costs. take alzheimer's which according to alzheimer's association will cost $226 billion this year, along with other dementia. we could use precision medicine to delay onset or cure of the disease. save precious dollars in health care systems and alleviate some grief and pain associated with it. the committee has spent time and will spend more on improving electronic health records. the federal government has spent $28 billion to drive the

scientific enterprise which helps us get the best return on our research investment. in addition, international collaborations make possible research endeavors on a grander scale than the u.s. can accomplish on its own. for example, the u.s. department of energy and national science foundation signed a cooperative agreement two weeks ago expanding the collaboration on particle phsyics. it will continue the highest work on the highest energy accelerator in the world it will allow to provide equipment to a new experiment at a lab in illinois. stern was a site of one of the most technological advances that impacts us every day. in 1989, tim burner lee was working on the problem allowing international researchers to feed data around the globe. the solution that was developed was the worldwide web, which has completely transformed the way we communicate and get information today. h.r. 1156 makes more collaborations like this possible. requires the national science and technology council to continue to maintain a working group to coordinate the strategy for international sc

this is the kind of scientific success we want to see replicated over and over.h your help, the time is now to accelerate the pace of such breakthroughs. thank you, mr. chairman. my colleagues, who i'd like to briefly introduce and i welcome your questions. over here to my left, dr. tony fauci, dr. gary gibbons, director of the national heart lung and blood institute dr. thomas insel, director of the national institute of mental health, dr. doug lowy who has recently been appointed as the acting director of the national cancer institute and dr. jon lorsch, institute of medical sciences. thank you. >> thank you dr. collins. we'll start with five-minute rounds, and we'll probably have as many rounds as we can while we've got this great opportunity to talk to you about what you're doing on precision medicine. obviously, a long path into the future where precision medicine might very well define most medicine at some future point. but what would you see as some maybe five and ten-year short-term markers to look at to see whether we're getting where we all would like

science have been so thoroughly successful that it may seem all things can be known through the scientific method and all things can be fixed through its application. even human beings. the decline in religion and other traditions means psychology is left almost alone to comment on human happiness. when it terms, strange picture arises. one half of the world is ill and the others that it sometimes pronounces and the past, indeed all history can be accounted for and misdiagnosed illness. caesar was merely got megalomaniac. psychology's fruits are not held privately by a few but disseminated into the public and their effects in range from the shocking to the amusing to the disenchanting. the fact of his biography suggests his life was guided by curiosity rather than social standing or other motives. he has traveled throughout the world as a doctor and writer, his travels to cam to several dictatorial and communist regimes, presumably at threat of his life. has worked as a psychiatrist among inmates in british prisons, also presumably and thread of his life. on these and other experiences he

today in all scientific fields archaeology is facing a number of challenges regarding funding as wello sites on the ground. and we absolutely need new scientific approaches to allow us to know exactly where to go and what to dig. otherwise we're wasting time and wasting money. >> to find out how this works, we turned to the experts of digital dig. >> what is remote sensing? >> remote sensing, believe it or not we all do, it's sensing without touching something. so our eyesight, our ears, we alt do reploat sensing. what we -- remote sensing. what we are talking about here is a camera in this case in space taking pictures of objects without touching them. >> based in boulder, colorado ball aerospace are constructing the world view 3. it is an incredibly secure location to which we were given rare access. the world view 3 satellite scheduled for launch in summer 2014 represents the latest and greatest advancements in commercial satellite imaging. flying 380 miles above earth its enhanced image sensors can see through dust smoke and haze. helping science sarah parkik. >> we have satellite

weil: no, because i know that what i do is right and based in scientific evidence. first of all, a great deal that's done in conventional medicine does not have a good scientific evidence base. uh secondly, statements like that are really ignorant because a lot of, um, what is dismissed as quackery, in fact has very strong evidence. for instance, i'm trained as a botanist as well as a physician. and medical botany is one of my career interests. there's an awful lot of good scientific evidence for the efficacy and safety of many plant medicines. and this is all dismissed, you know, in one sentence by people like this. i saw an article recently in which all of chinese medicine was equated with, uh crystal healing. that's just ignorant. you know, that chinese medicine includes acupuncture, which has been validated for conditions like, um, back pain. and it also includes very sophisticated herbal treatments. um, in many cases, these plants produce effects for which we don't have pharmaceutical drugs. mike: tell me about, uh, your thoughts on traditional chinese medicine

and i was well versed in all the scientific experience -- experiments i was response before. not to mention i understood every detail of the space suit that protected me when i flew out of the shuttle. i still couldn't help but wonder if all my hard work and ask -- an extensive technical training had prepared me for my next step as the first american woman to walk in space. before i start driving on, let's turn it back to you guys for a bit. american university has provided all of you with opportunities that auster your inner -- that have fostered your intellectual development creativity and spirit. today, you are united by that. but the real strength you take with you comes in the diversity of perspectives amongst you. as i look out on this assembly, i see future leaders eager to develop the solutions of the problems of today and take on the challenges of tomorrow. for each of you, today is undoubtedly a day to look join -- filled with joy, relief and satisfaction. it is the coleman nation of a four or five year journey. but for one of you, this journey took a lot longer abo