sea grass to grow back. the plastic sea grass is still in testing. the researchers want to know how long the blades have to be to prove effective. also where the material has to be flexible and we're it needs to be stiff. the testing at this facility should provide some insights. the unwavering and his colleagues try out current set different speeds that tells them how well their artificial seagrass bad breaks up the currents. it really does work it behaves in a way that's very similar to real sea grass full of us we're going to be in the experiments that we performed we learned that the speed of the current and changes both within our bed and on the upstream side of it. but should the mats be constructed of plastic so i wouldn't a natural fibers be better the researchers are still looking for the optimal material. it has to be as close as possible to the real thing but also easy to produce. and most importantly it has to disappear without a trace as natural sea grass grows back this kind of research takes t

that in turn helps cut down on sea better ocean so the sea grass helps stabilize it. so it plays a role in coastal protection because the waves that arrive on the coast strike it with less energy because of. the first step for the researchers was to examine the condition of the sea grass beds on germany's coasts their results show that agriculture on land is proving poisonous to the marine plants global warming is also causing massive algae blooms that cut off the light that sea grass needs to grow european universities and partners from industry are working together on this yard project there's a huge amount of sea grass in the tropics but it's disappearing there because fishers often use dynamite and because trenches are being cut too late pipelines that creates these corridors through the beds and on its own the sea grass is unable to repopulate those areas. now artificial sea grass could help provide a solution to the problem just like its natural counterpart and it would help dampen wave energy and prevent sea bed erosion providing the right conditions for natura

it was spent at sea on the boat. his wife might. still go out to sea. in the village. in a way it looks like little has changed since natives told her that in fact nothing has. tricked into the serene islands. were allowed to roam further but not to anchor because now everywhere has an owner. almost all the islands belong either to the national park or to private owners. that's why we can't live the way we used to. the bank has a kitchen. in the toilets. naomi lived with his parents on the boat with his two siblings he likewise has three children and he sent the two daughters to a boarding school on the mainland but because the house felt so empty they took in their neighbor's son they had two little boys and were happy to get one up. past the hour. jade is now their son. and just as he learned from his father in the year you will soon teach him to dive and fish with a spear. only a few seen a still practice this technique. manual and jade i had him back to the mainland to visit new year's family it's a long journey. from cause serene to burn to rock in the province of

natural sea grass to grow back in. the plastic sea grass is still in testing. the researchers want to know how long the blades have to be to prove effective and where the material has to be flexible and where it needs to be stiff. the testing at this facility should prove insightful. vienna way of all and his colleagues try out currents at different speeds that tells them how well they're artificial sea grass beds break the currents up. as. it works just like real sea grass that behaves in a way that's very similar to real sea grass field full of any experiments that we performed we've learned that the speed of the current changes both within our beds and on the upstream side of it. but as the mounts they construct the weight of natural fibers or plastic so the researchers are still looking for the optimal material. i would think that it has to be as close as possible to the real thing but also easy to produce. and most importantly it has to disappear without a trace as natural sea grass grows back this kind of researc

it works just like real sea grass that behaves in a way that's very similar to real sea grass field full of any experiments that we performed we learned that the speed of the current changes both within our beds and on the upstream side of it. but as the mounts they construct the weight of natural fibers or plastic so the researchers are still looking for the optimal material. i would think that it has to be as close as possible to the real thing but also easy to produce. and most importantly it has to disappear without a trace as natural sea grass grows back this kind of research takes time in the dark frigid salt water off northern europe the materials they're testing break down very slowly and at home in the traditional way dream is to produce a prototype module that can be adjusted to fit very different environmental conditions it's as you know. they don't have to be able to cope with different types of currents as well as the different microorganisms. when this man the c.r. research team wants to develop their prototype as quickly as possible because time is of the essence the world

as the sea levels rise one east investigates the threat this followed posters on al-jazeera. i weighed all see in antarctica the size of an extraordinary bids to create the largest protected area on a. for this special episode of a thrice we going on board the greenpeace icebreaker optic sunrise following one of the biggest campaigns in the environmental movement is ations history witnessing the spectacular biodiversity and the many threats to life from climate change to add to fishing as a team of scientists photographers and ocean experts sets out to prove these vos remote borders must become an antarctic ocean sanctuary. before i set off down south i'm going to find out a little about the journey i'm about to embark on tucked away in this maze of old london streets something quite extraordinary. ever since i was a boy i've been mesmerized by tales of the golden age of antarctic exploration of the early twentieth century names of polar explorers like roald amundsen and cups and skulls. well this is where some of those expeditions came to get them apps us briefly because it'

andrew thomas al jazeera pundit land into the sea. or for many in the disaster zones grief is turning to anger as they question whether more could have been done to alert them to what was coming rob mcbride was with that side of the story from an e.r. district on jobbers west coast. indonesian president djoko we don't go visiting the tsunami affected area prone to earthquakes his country deals on a regular basis with their disastrous consequences using detection equipment to warn of tsunamis ahead of time on this occasion the president appeared to admit something went wrong. i think in the new budget year of twenty nineteen early january a lot of the replacement of broken equipment or old ones which can no longer be used. the landslide of the undersea volcano made it harder to detect than a regular earthquake and happening at night many people had no idea the wave was on its way to strike them. this couple only realized it when water started surging through the small food stall they operate near the beach that. there was no warning at

kidnappings and murders in crimea since russia's full stomach sation of the black sea peninsula. i don't understand why he was kidnapped. schools of crimea into thais have been arrested. on camera most believed by russian security forces. crimea russia's dirty secret on al jazeera. day one of a new era in television news we badly need at this moment leadership and values this encampment that we're in today it didn't exist three weeks ago now there's at least twenty thousand or hinder refugees who live here on al-jazeera i got to commend you all more i'm hearing is good journalism person interested but as reside . there. was off old allies the attempts of cover ups and the high water diplomacy just loved ones some form of closure we saw the syrian army flag hoisted high in the city as well as posters of syrian president bashar assad has been recorded. of it's a good two missiles are planted about a hundred meters away from us we're on the frontline but some. of that the market doesn't happen now but politically. polarized. police used live fire to try to break up a seventh day of

baltic sea? >> who wants to take that? are you feeling daring? >> it's an interesting question. >> i will take that. the prospect of russian military defense of the pipelines in the baltic sea, it would be a significant new violation of international law, it would be in an area that nato patrols and is much more present in? i would expect russia to be much more cautious in the frog boiling operations but i wouldn't rule it out. i think that nato has many more cards and this may be something to come back to later. many more cards in the deck. here putin has a really weak hand . not a completely empty hand because the russian military is much stronger and has assets and capabilities it didn't used to. bad place. but i agree with you that it can't be that. and it would be worse eking about how nato or the united states or other european allies similar to our nato members would respond early on to any kind of sign of russia's testing those the waters. and i know that's not entirely satisfactory. >> g

task force or black sea flotilla. we might talk with unreal about -- if russia continues to be aggressively and obstruct ukrainian access. nato i think is still figuring out what to do and is not entirely comprehending the stakes involved i think there are a lot of things nato could you intend with the united states and we need good old-fashioned u.s. leadership to take them there. >> thank you so much. >> this reminds me of the deputies committees the celeste and i used to attend what i would often speak at the end and everybody returned to visit okay, so what are they going to do about it? and which sanctions will we impose? sanctions are not the tool for all purposes, but they have become the tool of choice for responding to russia's aggression against ukraine. so i'll accept that challenge and try to come up with some guidelines and specific suggestions. in sanctions generally, one can you have to know what you want to achieve through sanctions and number two, you have to mean it. sanctions are not fun. they are n

what about the sea of as not? some of argued that nato should split -- at the invitation of the ukrainian government is it legal and is it wise? >> i think the fundamental problem is it isn't legal under the high lateral agreement of 2003. russia gets clear on any request by third countries to pass from the kurdish straits. apparently there are serious operational constraints because of the shallow body of water and many american naval vessels and allied vessels could actually go in there and operate. would it be a wise move? that is debatable but i think given it's only a theoretical possibility the focus should he on beefing up nato presence. not letting that become uncontested russian lake showing the russians if they are worried about encroachment of nato forces that they are triggering this rather than preventing it through their aggressive behavior. that may not be enough but i think it would be a step to show a little more backbone than it's been showing in last month. >> the leading candidate to replace ge

her house is two kilometers from the sea. and her youngest daughter doesn't even remember the time when the family lived at sea. this is the living room here's our t.v. and a cupboard. up early and it make up that this is the stove for cooking. fear of the horn noise so clowns that makes young girls breasts in mock are called partout. my. new year he has to stay on the mainland longer than planned the words outboard motor is broken. his father tries to repair the restaurants. when the family's together there is always a lot of joking and teasing me when a child picked up his daughter from the bus everyone thought they were a couple which explains the subsequent laughter. that one of the normal. you know. child goes off to check the chaps he laid a few days ago it's been a long time since he's had a decent catch he's not even recapping the cost of the petrol the both me it's. been rough for days. checking all twenty traps is tedious and time consuming work. most disappointingly empty. only bothers with the squid he lets the cr

just simply into the sea surface. must be five is that maybe first so they're both taking such a fully. extend. bush said he hoped to find that he this is very hopeful just the way it was she's a very close joyous system and there's very few local sources of micro plastic fibers should be coming from however evidence is growing around the world studies that point the plastic for this green because pretty soon there will be found the right reply location. you know it's a bizarre thing be afloat on these wild remote and desolate war says he'll quote expose you to g.p.s. google map and zoomed out we can be highly speculative and to draw from life. yet beneath the surface of this magnificent desolation is just t.v. with life and these are some of the remotest pools on it. and to see what lies below the expedition submarine is launched on board the antarctic specialist susan lockhart what she sees is a stunning underwater realm composed of all manner of life life not yet touched by mankind but it's enormously at risk not l

these fields lie below sea level. government is investing in flood defences, but the environment agency admits it won't be able to protect everywhere in the future. danny savage, bbc news. in a few minutes, newswatch. but first on bbc news, it's click. one of the most important topics that we cover regularly here on click is tech which can assist disabled people. as the cost of prototyping and innovating has come down, and as disabled people have become more involved in the design, we've seen some amazing projects over the last few years. this monday is the un's international day for people with disabilities, and so this week, we're dedicating an entire episode to the area. now, we start with kat hawkins. she is a double amputee herself, and she has been looking at a company that is trying to bring low—cost prosthetics to children. lead the way. so this is my room. i love it. i'm with 12—year—old raimi, having a tour of her bedroom. this is my pride hat, because we get to pride every year. you can see an arm poking ou

sea grass to grow back. the plastic sea grass is still in testing. the researchers want to know how long the blades have to be to prove effective. also where the material has to be flexible and we're it needs to be stiff. the testing at this facility should provide some insights. the unwavered and his colleagues try out current set different speeds that tells them how well their artificial seacrest bad breaks up the currents. it really does work it behaves in a way that's very similar to real sea grass full of us we're going to be in the experiments that we performed we learned that the speed of the current and changes both within our bed and on the upstream side of it. but should the mats be constructed of plastic so i wouldn't a natural fibers be better the researchers are still looking for the optimal material. it has to be as close as possible to the real thing but also easy to produce. and most importantly it has to disappear without a trace as natural sea grass grows back this kind of research takes ti

bottled up in the black sea. he defeats the far eastern squadron of the russian navy in the fall of 1904. the czar decides he wants to send the baltic fleet all the way around. wow. the british are in alliance with japan at that time. they close the suez canal. where does the baltic fleet have to go to get to the battlefield? all the way down the west coast of africa, up into the battle theater, at which point it faces a japanese imperial combined fleet that's been sitting in shipyards for some months, refitting, training, getting better, at the same time when the russians are steaming 18,000 miles on very short maintenance and very short fuel and training. you can imagine what the outcome of that battle at the strait is in may of 1905. utter destruction. much worse than what you would see at jutland in 1916. and that's one reason the battle of the strait makes it into strategic debates even to this day. somebody was talking about w.s. simms at the break. one of our other presidents, admiral simms commanded u.s.

one way to do that was to find a new sea route to asia. when you were to fuel a man wanted to get back into the asian spice trained in space. and he sent his son young and inexperienced skipper vellum cornelius shout and to search for what he described as an undiscovered southern continent. bought off each year but their real mission was to find a new way to sail to asia i think there's a. new route about. the expedition left port on june fourteenth sixteen fifteen with two ships the eintracht and the small no horn jacobian there and philip chosen and a crew of more than began their journey into the unknown. on board those ships it was very hard. to lower deck for example was just one point three metres high so the crew was always walking around bent over. they had to sleep on the bare floor. another big problem was food they had to fight malnutrition and scurvy and on this bombing and of course the crew was really nervous because they had no idea where they were headed. for the destination of the expedition was kept secret until the last

they're mostly fishermen they can go to sea because their boats are gone so they can make a living. and many don't know if the houses they fled from are still standing we haven't been back to see the condition of our homes because we are still a freight. truck a towers latest eruptions will do nothing to ease those fears macbride al jazeera north west java indonesia. still to come on al-jazeera the un brings together the warring sides of yemen's conflict in the latest effort to help and for here is a fighting. and guns for cash the city of baltimore buys back weapons in a push to get them off the streets. hello there the weather is all quite quiet over many parts of china at the moment it's also quite cool so maximum temperature in shanghai just to five degrees this area of cloud here there in the center of amapa could squeeze out a few outbreaks of rain and snow but it's really going to intensify as we head through the day on saturday this time is part of the province and across into where we're likely to see some particularly heavy outbreaks of snow really does look quite wintery

it was spent at sea on the boat. his wife and the little boy still go out to sea. in the village. in a way it looks like little has changed since navy. but in fact nothing has. tricked into this arena. we're allowed to roam further but not to because now everyone has an owner. almost all the islands belong either to the national park or to private owners. that's why we can't live the way we used to. so i think it. has a kitchen. and the toilets. uni lived with his parents on the boat with his two siblings likewise has three children he sent the two daughters to a boarding school on the mainland but because the house felt so empty they took in their neighbor's son they had two little boys and were happy to get one up. that was. jade is now their son. and just as he learned from his father now you will soon teach him to dive and fish with a spear. only of you see no match ripe still practice this technique. merely among you and jade i heading back to the main learn to visit new year's family it's a long journey. from coast serene to bun to rock in the province of corroboree. many ye

the black sea. he defeats the far eastern squadron of the navy in 1904. she wants to send the baltic fleet all of the way around. >> wow, the british are in alliance and they closed the suez canal and where do they have to go to get to the battlefield? all of the way down the west coast of africa around the endian ocean to the south china sea and up into the battle theater at which point it faces an imperial japanese navy that has been sitting in shipyards for month, refitting, training and getting better and at the same time the russians are on 18,000 miles on very short fuel and training. you can imagine what the outcome of that battle of shashima strait is in 1905. utter destruction. much worse that you would see in justland in 1916. that's why it made it such an ambitious -- someone was talking about w.s. sims and admiral sims commuted after world war i. >> he got a junior tousle, and he's the beater of many, many books and articles about the look are design with battle ships with all big guns?

important for you all the sea wall portion is handled through the sea wall assessment. we make sure the findings speak to one another and are integrated. you were on your path and had rye sources to do -- resources to do an examination. what we are now thinking about why do we care as a city. what does it mean for those working here, visiting here, for the economy, the environment. this is us. for those who are not familiar, we have maps showing where would water go if we don't do anything? nobody wants this to be what 2100 looks like. what is at risk if we don't act? this is 2100 with a 1% coastal storm. it is rare but we will see it in the future. substantial flooding would affect embarcadero and noon nestations, regional transportation and huge jobs and tourism centers on the waterfront. we have done this for the whole city. we elected a lot of data layers and maps from different agencies. it is in a big file and you can have it if you want. the top line is, of course, flooding gets worse over time. the over rise accelerates. we projected 17 miles of street exposed a

summoned a lightning and rain as day dawned dangerous breakers could be seen on the coast in heavy seas. the over the full day. with the wind turning more and more in an easterly direction he was going to be able to maintain a slight distance from the reverse what made our situation even more alive was the loss of the main topsail which was torn off you have no visible contact with the discovery which was saving some distance away to the move may god have mercy on us or. critics lies on the river thames several kilometers downstream from london for centuries it has been the heart of brick youssif and he was from here the great naval figures like francis drake james koch and lord nelson set out to conquer the seven seas and he had to the english crown waited impatiently for the return of its heroes. even though greenwich now lives in the shadow of the high rise blocks of canary wharf the name of this london suburb is still familiar to sail as the world over the prime meridian which divides the earth into an eastern and a western half runs through greenwich. in sixteen seventy five so chr

and black sea. much like russia has attempted to all the time, simply because of their difficult strategic geography. in 1904, if you want to know involved big fight armor, big gunships, what do you look at? american civil war? think about the battle of hampton roads -- those are pretty creaky old, primitive craft.nd craft -- seamen that is one reason you will see, our second president, probably the most influential maritime theater in history, this is one of the problems he grapples with. sir julian corbin, one of the advisors to jackie fisher, those guys are always wondering, what lessons can we learn from history, given we have in such a radical change from the age of steam tothe age of something very modern looking in our lifetimes. the fundamental data is not that solid. togo puts his faith in basic strategic pretzels, like stay concentrated. keep your battle fleet together. against a russian fleet that is fragmented -- he actually takes down the entire russian navy, more or less, and that of -

that's why there is such a high biodiversity which is why sea horses are found there too. in two thousand and seven vassilis mentor journeys discovered a sea horse colony just off the village of start tony the only one in greece there were dozens of sea horses until one year a storm destroyed many sea grass meadows and thus their natural habitat seely's going to johnny send other volunteers have since rebuilt the meadows now the sea horse population is recovering today the divers are searching the seabed for ghost nets and discover one covering an entire reef fish but the net does not let anything through it just killed everything underneath the water can no longer circulate light cannot pass through. its own. really eerie it looks like a ghost. the activists attach balloons to the neck which then rises up to the surface they really and they have a net with a winch and bring it to land because carter center's fellow activists are pleased it's been a successful day a little while for the boys as you can see we pulled out a big net bigger than expected. the activists spent t

we can assume the united states navy owns the sea. thus we can convert this into a safe expanse and conduct humanitarian assistance. all the things navy exists to do. we will not have to face a challenger to do that. 1990's, this is when we start to see the united states navy's wartime capacity atrophy, something we are trying to put rites today as we face off against a resurgent russian navy, the chinese navy that has concentrated at any stage we have dispersed. it is a serious power on the rise. whenever you try to interpret big events, ask yourself, is this the fact that we no longer have a benchmark for our own as a warfighting force. 1805, i would say it is one of those times in which britain is a victim of its own success. lord nelson says in those instructions -- he is not a good hand writer, so i will call it out. he empowers his subordinates. he says his second-in-command, lord collingwood, he says he will have charge of one of the columns that will penetrate the french lines. collingwood will have direction of the other and

if the sea level continues to rise, these will be among the first islands to go. >> the marshall islands combating climate change. >> it makes me feel like i want a stopwatch. >> the so-called last generation that may ever live there. why they refuse to give up and what this sign of the tides means for all of us. >>> i am an entertainer, or what's left of one. >> reigniting the torch. inside broadway's revival of the groundbreaking "torchsong trilogy." >> i've got nothing to worry about. >> the role that made harvey fire stein famous as one of the openly gay leading actors playing a gay man. >> you must have felt incredible pressure. >> i couldn't believe when it they asked me. >> the show's message of acceptance is still relevant today. >>> first the "nightline 5." >> it's almost christmas. save big at jcpenney and wrap up your gift list with up to 70% off gold and silver jewelry and $149.95 fitbit. or $10 off with coupon. hurry in, don't miss out, jcpenney. >>> keep it clean with the roomba robot vacuum. only roomba uses two multi-surface rubber brushes to clean

sea life. affecting undersea creatures. a new study suggests that the long—term viability of more than half the different killer whales around the globe is now in question because of the dumping of chemicals called pcbs. some populations, such as those around the uk, the strait of gibraltar, off brazil, japan and california, are almost certainly doomed. there were some remarkable developments in medicine. we saw ai systems that can diagnose scans for heart disease and lung cancer much better than the best doctors. scientists in london have grown a bioengineered oesophagus. now look closely, and you can see it contracting like a real muscle. the research could eventually be used to treat children born with damaged digestive systems. a british company has unveiled a new robotic surgery system which is expected to operate on patients for the first time next year. but this man's story was the most dramatic development of the year. david mzee‘s doctor said he'd never walk again. now he's able to tra

including saudi led air sea and land blockade of qatar for the past eighteen months . the king is now taking a step back with him last off instead of who wasn't in the first day is the first choice or for the king anyway because he was very close to king couple or to the king of saudi arabia rather than to king so much so now by having brought him last of who was an old school he's a veteran he served as a minister of finance for twenty years from one thousand nine hundred six until two thousand and sixteen so now he's having come as a foreign minister in order to give the the message that now we are back to the vision of foreign policy it's unclear if you bears fall from grace in riyadh is a way to make him scapegoat for saudi policies attracting global condemnation or perhaps the latest attempt to take the heat of the crown prince jubera successor is a loss of a former finance minister he was one of the many saudi power brokers arrested in last year's purge his imprisonment in the ritz carlton hotel in riyadh was part of what the crown prince called his crackdown on

>> i did a set when i was commander because as you know we stepped up the destroyers in the black sea i think that it's important that not just the united states but we have very capable allies and frankly, some very capable partners might also come alongside. i think it is important for nato to say that the black sea is an open body of water. >> your meaning is clear, we need to help others in the backseat. okay. questions right here. >> thank you. [inaudible] former diplomat [inaudible] in ukraine. topic for this event is precisely reflects what will go on and in this context i like to produce the proposition in the first page of the website called for the atlantic council to change the subtitle of section russian ukrainian conflict and russian aggression against ukraine and against ukraine. it will be more precise reflects is going on. and it will act to the notion of aggression of the resolution of the united nations federal assembly. so, if we are speaking about political and legal instruments in international are not used enough to enhance what they already can do. what do i nee