presidential candidates, participants in the fight for seats in the house of representatives and the senate of congress, the national committees of the republican and democratic parties, as well as political action committees that support various candidates. in general, over the past for half a century, the expenses of election campaigns of candidates for the highest office in the usa have grown more than a thousand times, once they started with only two. dollars, well, such huge figures, which really amaze american elections, are due to the fact that in america this is a huge industry, with a large number of political strategists, political scientists, experts, public opinion specialists and party machines of activists involved in it, which are largely fed by these elections, and this is ... a way to keep these machines in good shape, this is how budgets were inflated over the last half century, the road to the white house has always been made of green bills, but today the expenses are simply gigantic. in the sixties, john kennedy could hardly imagine that his 10 million for the company in the 21st ce

congress was focused on an commend senator cardin and many members of the senate and congress in a bipartisan fashion who have been focusing on the belarusian problem. the second question i think is a strategic big picture question of how do we first of all the west and the west is supported by the russian people. this is not a concern of the people of russia and we need to repeat that again and again bute russian people and not on then russian national identity. it's a simple effort to protect the territorial integrity of the ukrainian government the people and literally right to exist. i think we need to make that clear. the question of where's public opinion in supporting the war machine and imperialism this is a very important question i think in the long-term would need to help the russian people and body polity can detach their nationalism from the concept of purism because the two have been intertwined and fortunately. and this goes back to georgia and moldova where there has been intervention because the context of russian nationalism and its views. again i do believe that many many r

one of the people that congress, the senate, called to testify was charles mitchell. the the president of what was then the nation's largest bank, national city. and the subpoena of mitchell is right here under questioning, the bank president, mitchell admitted that he had acted irresponsibly with his investors money. he had sold securities as safe bets when he had not actually vetted them thoroughly to know whether or not they were safe bets. the committee also subpoenaed other wall street titans, like, for example, jpmorgan junior, who admitted under oath that he had paid no income taxes for several years and that he had given preferential stock deals to public figures. so the the great depression had impact. did more americans than any other economic event had in american history. and they those americans were paying close attention to this investigation in the senate about wall street, that the investigation and the public hearings led to a increase in public support for new legislation that would regulate wall street for the first time. and there were several legi

one of the people that congress, the senate, called to testify was charles mitchell. the the president of what was then the nation's largest bank, national city. and the subpoena of mitchell is right here under questioning, the bank president, mitchell admitted that he had acted irresponsibly with his investors money. he had sold securities as safe bets when he had not actually vetted them thoroughly to know whether or not they were safe bets. the committee also subpoenaed other wall street titans, like, for example, jpmorgan junior, who admitted under oath that he had paid no income taxes for several years and that he had given preferential stock deals to public figures. so the the great depression had impact. did more americans than any other economic event had in american history. and they those americans were paying close attention to this investigation in the senate about wall street, that the investigation and the public hearings led to a increase in public support for new legislation that would regulate wall street for the first time. and there were several legi

of the united. please try to be with me two weeks from today when the new senator from new york, jacob javits, will be ourthis is congg with. let's look at congress. our guest was elected to the house of representatives four years later, to the senate. and two years after that, vice president of the united states. he has had a

electoral college votes, he says each state will have a number of votes equal to the number of senators and members of congress and overtime members in the congress grew until 1920s was cap that for 35 so since 1920 it's been 435 plus 100 and then three with the district of columbia but number of seats each state has changed every ten years based on a consensus so for example, certain states gain so when i was growing up, new york was the number one date and now it's number four in terms of number of seats it has been progress. florida and texas have been the two growing states dramatically. california since the early 1970s has been the most populous state and therefore the largest of congress which translates into the largest number of electoral college votes. winning a state like texas can be compared to winning a state like delaware. comments or questions? and it is because democracy and visit. and we know backsliding across the globe. freedom house which tracks this on a year-to-year basis would say the democratic recession began in 2006 and continued to this day with more countries moving from three to pa

host: as of this month, 53 members of congress, eight members of the u.s. senatend 45 members of the house have announced they will not seek reelection. looking at the breakdown for health members not seeking reelection, 12, three republicans and nine democrats are instead running for a u.s. senate seat. two, one democrat and one republican are running for state attorney general. two, again a republican and democrat are running for governor. one democrat is running for president of the united states. and 28, 12 democrats and 16 republicans, are retiring from public service. a lot of debates are happening for house and senate races. c-span has been showing a lot of those. it was earlier this month that the nebraska second district, one of the races being closely watched at this time, the debate between incumbent republican representative don bacon and state senator tony vargas, here they are responding to a question about climate change. >> the south is picking up the pieces from two major hurricanes and nebraskans are recovering from a summer of devastating weathe

senator sanders you are 83 seeking another term you've been in congress and 34 years and delivered a one bill officance other than post offices that was 10 years ago. you cosponsored with senator mccain. you've taught more than 40 years about healthcare housing and education you've not delivered legislation into law to improve these areas. the cost have all skyrocketed. would you please discuss now, how it now at age 83 as an independent socialist you are all of a sudden going to start the delivering legislative results but not just talk to lower healthcare housing and education? let's not be in ages. it is true i'm 83. i do not know how old you are. you are a very young man i am feeling just fine, thank you very much. we do not need ages appear. in terms of my record, let's see. when hit the united states and donald trump by the way plate a horrendous role in helping us prepare for that terrible pandemic. as chairman of the budget committee and help pass the american rescue plan. that plan a put money into people's pockets who had no money to feed their kids. that money and put money into hospi

of columbia, where we are now, three electoral votes. so even though there's no representation in the senate or congress, the district of columbia through this 23rd amendment has the three electoral votes which is why today we have 538 electoral college votes. 435 are the number of representatives. 100 are the senators, 535 plus the three for the district of columbia. the 24th amendment prohibited denying the ballot to citizens based on their ability to pay a poll tax. in previous decades you would , have to pay a certain amount in order to be able to vote and the 24th amendment outlawed that. the 26th amendment was the one that lowered the voting age in federal elections to 18 years old. that was adopted in 1971, part of sort of a response to the vietnam war where people are going off to fight but did not have the right to vote so the 26th amendment gave them the right to vote and basically once the right to all the states adopted the same rule. so a teen is now the minimum age for voting. so those are the amendments that significantly expanded the electorate to what it is today. then there were a series of structural amendments. i will

of congress. democratic incumbent sherrod brown needs trump voters in his tight senate race with trump-backed challenger bernie moreno. >> i want to maintain the control right now of the senate. >> reporter: you're not someone who always votes for one party. >> no, i don't, because you have to check -- really check and balances. >> reporter: cbs news is watching ten other senate races as democrats face a tight map that leaves them with slim hopes of holding on to their 51-49 majority. going back to that presidential race, we know that today vice president kamala harris as well as former president trump are going to be stumping in north carolina as well as wisconsin. while you have vice president harris also making a stop in pennsylvania again. back to you. >> all right. jarred hill in cleveland, ohio. thanks. >>> with election day drawing near, election officials are working to debunk false claims calling into question the integrity of the process and the results. that comes as former president trump and the republican national committee are suing some democratic officials alleging problems with the pro

america's cable company always on the go is special-interest of the people in the state of new york, let's look at congress senator kenneth and the distinguished guest this week now your senator kenneth keating. >> mr. senator ken keating to let's look at congress. my guess is the best known voices and faces in the history of american radio and television he pioneered in these fields and became a household word for excellence. he now holds one of the key positions in the penalty administration, director of the united states information agency as the man in charge of presenting america'sil image abroad you will have a vital influence of the future course of our nation, it is a great pleasure to welcome to this program the honorable edward and i'm delighted to have you here and you're on the receiving endn instead of asking in it takes a little while to become accustom what are the main objectives of the united states information program. >> i could sum them up by saying it is our purpose to make the united states policy everywhere intelligible and wherever possible to explain not only what we do that why we do it i

our guest is kate scott, who is the senate historian and author of the book reining in the state civil society and congress in the vietnam and watergate era era. ms. scott, what was the defining event that led to the senate hearings in 1973? the trigger that set off the hearing, the call for the senate hearings in. 1973 had happened the prior year. in june of 1972, when five when burglars broke into the democratic national committee headquarters in the watergate office, an apartment complex here in washington, d.c. those burglars were arrested. and in the course of reporting about that, their unusual arrest and some of the unusual things that were found in the bags with these burglars. a couple of intrepid reporters, carl bernstein and bob woodward, began making connections between those burglars who had been arrested and the nixon administration as committee to reelect the president. it was 1972, was a presidential election year. and the connections between the burglars and the president's committee to reelect became ever more clear over the course of that late summer in 1972. nixon won in a landslide ree

i mean, it's what you expect that the for the most part, the democratic representatives of congress, senators or members of the house, sit in disbelief and and don't believe and and try to counter the testimony, try to poke holes in the testimony where the republican senators are more sympathetic, at least, and trying to allow in particular allow the african-america community to choose tell their story, which is a remarkable thing. and one of the most remarkable things about these hearings ultimately, not a lot is done out of these hearings, but african-americans were able to tell their story, sit before congress in this moment of emancipation, right shortly after the war and the 13th amendment is passed in the 14th and the 15th amendment or passed to to give rights and give the franchise and uphold numerous things based on citizenship rights with the 14th amendment and now you have this group of, you know, quote unquote, newly freed individuals sitting before the house, the the house committee saying this is what's happening to me, despite the fact that you have the 13, 14th and 15th amendme

the state department and i think under the circumstances that congress has thoroughly explored that the majority of the congress, both senate and the house will approve it. >> what about the curves that are being suggested on the standby cars, would it be character to tie his hands in a way that the program will be robbed of its effectiveness, do you think? >> it's very difficult to say if what curbs are eventually going to be passed if any by the congress. i will only say this, that to place too manyy restrictions on the president's power would, of course, mean that the proposal would lose the very effect that it wasas intended to have and we certainly hope that the congress will give w very serious consideration to any proposed curbs beforerb adopting them. i might say another feature that we m think we should mention is the economic program which is part of the president's proposal. i think we've all noted that some opposition has arisen to those economic provisions. i think in this field we should recognize that the two -- the two parts of the proposals must go together. on the one hand, these countries must be assured

of the united. please try to be with me two weeks from today when the new senator from new york, jacob javits, will be ourthis is congg with. let's look at congress. our guest was elected to the house of representatives four years later, to the senate. and two years after that, vice president of the united states. he has had a meteoric rise in government unmatched by anyone in recent history. he's known today is probably the most active vice president in the entire history of our country. it's an honor and privilege to welcome to the program. the vice president, the united states. --, it's fine to have you here to talk to the people in new york. well, thank you very much, ken. i'm always delighted to appear on your program. this is an annual event on my calendars. you know. i want to ask you first about the progress of president's program in congress. are you satisfied with the way it's going? well, i couldn't say that i am satisfied with the progress. of course, we have to have in mind that this is an election year and that the president has a democratic and considering those factors, considerable progress has been made in the foreign field, in

congress investigate tonight at 10:00 eastern on c-span. >> since 1979, in partnership with the cable industry, c-span has provided complete coverage of the halls of congress on the house and senate floors to congressional hearings, party briefings, and committee meetings. c-span gives you a front row seat to how issues are debated and decided with no commentary, no interruptions, and completely unfiltered. c-span, your unfiltered view of government. >> coming up, president biden has an update on hurricane milton preparations. he also talked about the ongoing response efforts to hurricane helene. canceling my trip africa. i just don't think i can be out of the country at this time. number one. number two, we are pres. biden: we are going to stay focused on what is ahead of us right now. been briefed by the administration and we are driving up for her to know the and hurricane helene. save lives and this is being done. i spoke to critical leaders in the region. they asked for what they can get and they have an overwhelming response. the governors of florida and north carolina. thousands across the beast and deliver every available resource as fast as possible. as we prepare for th

which gives the residents of the district of columbia where we are right now, three electoral votes so even though there's no representation in the senate or congress district of columbia through this 23rd amendment has three electoral votes which is why today we have 538 electoral college votes. 435 is the number of representatives and 100 are senators and five in five plus the three for the district of columbia. denying the ballot to citizens based on their ability to pay a poll tax so in previous decades you have to pay a certain amount enabled to vote in the 24th amendment outlawed that in the 26th amendment was the one was the ones that will read the voting age in federal elections to 18 years old. that was adopted in 1971 as part of a response to the vietnam war where people are going off to fight and didn't have the right to vote so that system gave them the right to vote and basically wants the right to vote was granted the federal level the states did the same thing so 18 is now the minimum age for voting. and then there were admitted meant that expanded the electorate from what it is today. there were a series of structural amendment and

congress and tell them not to support it. millions of people then emailed or called members of congress. in one day that bill was dead. the bill had 99 out of 100 senators, the next day it was dead. at that point, google realized, they are the biggest force in washington. that was before the tech became big tech. it sort of crushed their competitors. it was all by using their users, their constituents. >> imagine if tiktok was around . >> that is actually a very good question. tiktok, if you are following, it's a similar tactic few months ago where they contacted 8 million users and said, hey, congress is trying to force the sale. it totally failed. i don't know why the difference, it might've been all the tiktok users calling were eight or nine-year-old girls. >> [ laughter ] we might never know for sure. i also wanted to ask you about trump. so trump actually in 2016. so this seems to be kind of another shift that you write about and how lobbying works. i wonder if you could take us through that. like, you had this great quote in the book saying, like, lobbying to trump became an audience of one strategy. maybe you can talk about that. >> to go back f

you will agree with me that the civil rights proposals of the president will again pass the congress. and this session. and i think that now in senate, the climate is much better. it was two years ago and even a year ago or passage of a substantial portion of that program this year. i think the chances are good. it's difficult to say that they are short. this past week, we've the president's budget message and when that was read to us, the house, the chairman of the appropriations committee who is of course a democrat, got up immediately afterwards and made a speech about cutting down the spending and saying that the budget figures were too high and that we should reduce. do have any comment on that, on the budget or are they attack on it as being too large on the part of the democratic side? well, i may say that we all interested in having our budget as low as is consistent our national security and with our national. and i might say to that we will be very happy to have strong support. our friends in the democratic side of the aisle, of the aisle, in support this principle. i think, as you are perhaps aware of that has not been a

of its senators and representatives. i'll give a statistic that shows that this means in the last session of congress, yes, there were 50 democratic senators and 50 republican senators. the 50 democratic senators represented almost 45 million more people than the 50 republic and senators. and this is all made worse because of the filibuster. we all have an image of the filibuster based on jimmy stewart. mr. smith goes to washington. well, the filibuster rules were changed the 1970s. so no longer does somebody have to hold the floor of the senate to do a filibuster. it's to allow the senate to do its work, even though somebody declared a filibuster. so now it takes 60 votes to pass any legislation other than budget legislate. so small number of senators representing a small percentage of the population can block any legislation, and that contributes to cynicism about government. it contributes to a government, isn't succeeding and can't deal with the of today. so just to elaborate a little further, you mentioned the virtual filibuster. could you explain how that works or is i alluded to a moment ago, it used to be that a

i first got to the senate, no one in elected office would dare utter a phrase that could be construed as disregarding the constitution, and now you regularly hear members of congressmocrats, calling out provisions of the constitution that are incredibly problematic, like the electoral college, they hate the electoral college, they hate it deeply. despise, they will despise the senate as unrepresentative, as some sort of disenfranchising form of inequality, because the whole point of the senate is that it includes equal representation of all the states, even if you amend it so that each state has a different number of senators, not two. article five of the constitution, which governs the amendment process, will prevent you from doing that, it's patently unconstitutional, you can't change the principle of equal representation, they hate it, why, because many of their voters are concentrated in a handful of states, densely populated urban centers, they think it's grossly unfair that small states like utah or maine should get. more contempt for the first amendment, including not just the protection of free speech, but the protection of religious freedom. it's chilling

uncle jim thought we'd better start with a library of congress it's the biggest and most important library in american set up originally for senators and representatives, but open to all the people. here are most of the important documents and records of the government and copies of most books and magazines published in the united states. but the one thing we wanted to see was in a glass case near the front of the building. the foundation of all the powers and laws of our government. we couldn't really have a form of government without it. the original constitution of the united states of america. provides for a government with three main branches each with special functions uncle jim says, this is how they work. the constitution provides that the law shall be made by the legislative branch. carried out by the executive branch and interpreted by a third branch of the government the judicial branch to make certain no law violates the constitution. legislative executive judicial these are the three main branches of our federal government now bill. let's go take a look at one of them. well, we went on to take a look at each of the thr

capital we bring you a report of special interest of the people in the state of new york, let'sat lookt congress with senator keating and his distinguished guests this week. now your senator kenneth keating. >> mr. senator welcome again to let's look at congress my guest today is one of the best-known voices and faces in the history of american radio and television, he pioneered in these fields and became literally a household word for excellence, he now holds one of the key positions in the kennedy administration director of the united stateson information agey as a manan in charge of presentg the image above he will have a vital influence on the future course of our nation it is a great pleasure to welcome to this program the honorable edward and i'm delighted to have you here to talk with us today you're on the receiving end instead of asking in. >> it takes a while to become accustomed to answer questions rather than asking them. >> is a lot easier to ask. >> tell me what are the main objectives of the united states information program. >> i think i could sum them up by saying it's our purpose to make yo

of new york. let's look at congress. when senator kenneth keating and his distinguished guest week now your senator kenneth big keating that's the senator ken keating. welcome again to us. look at congress. my guest today is, one of the best known voices and faces in the history, american radio and television. he pioneered in these fields and became literally a household word for excellence. he now holds one of the key positions in the kennedy administration, director of the united information agency, as man in charge of presenting america's image abroad. he will have a vital influence on the future of our nation. it's a great pleasure to welcome to this the honorable edward r. murrow, and i'm delighted to have you here to talk with us today. you're on the receiving end instead of the asking in, you, senator. it takes a little while to become accustomed to trying to answer questions rather than asking. it's a lot easier to tell me what are the main objectives of the united states information program. well, i think i could sum them up

weeknights, watch our encore presentation of american history tv's 10 part series congress investigates as we explore age investigations by the u.s. house and senate. authors and historians will tell these stories. we will see historic footage and examine the impact and legacy of key congressional hearings. monday, a joint house-senate committee in 1871 invested a conditions in the southern states following a wave of violence against freed slaves and others. congress investigates monday at 10:00 eastern on c-span. >> we take you le the university of mary washington for a debate between former army colonel eugeneindman, a democrat and former green beret derrick anderson, a republican, both running to represent virginia's seventh district. >> about the issues the candidates want to we ask you do

in the state department and under the circumstances after the congress has thoroughly exploited the majority of the congress both in the senate and the house will approve it. >> what about the currents that are being suggested on standby powers, will they be likely to be such a character as to tie his hands the way the program will be robbed of its effectiveness? >> very difficult to say what curbs are eventually going to be passed if any by congress. i can only say this, to place too many restrictions on the president's power would mean the proposal would lose the very fact it was intended to have and we hope congress will give serious consideration to any curbs before adopting them. i might say incidentally another feature we should mention is the economic program which is part of the president's proposal. we've all noted that some opposition has arisen to those economic provisions. we should recognize the two parts of the proposals must go together. on the one hand these countries must be assured if they desire to be protected by infiltration or attack from a broad they must be assured we will stand with them but on the ot

a report of special interest of the people of the state of new york but look at congress with his distinguished guests this week now your senator kenneth. >> mr. senator welcome to let's look at congress. my guest today is one of the best-known voices and faces in the history of american radio and television. he pioneered in these fields and became literally a household word for excellence he now holds one of the key positions in the administration director of the united states information agency representing the image abroad he bobbled vital influence on the future course of our nation into great pleasure to welcome edward i'm delighted to have you here to talk with us you have the receiving end instead of asking and tell me what are the main objectives of the united states information program. >> i think i can sum them up is our purpose to make the united states policy everywheree intelligibleat wherever it attet to demonstrate the mass media the system which other freeman might choose that's a brief capsule. >> a very brave summary. >> are we winning the propaganda. >> i don't think anyone can say who is winning i think it's

senate. if control of congress is divided, it will be harder for either party to enact their agenda. >> probably see the commander in chief tried to use executive orders to govern instead of trying to work with congress, which is going to limit what he or she is able to do with the government is able to do with the government's able to fund obviously is absolutely crucial to have control of congress. want to be able to work with congress. >> political sign science expert there. todd belt says control of the house is likely to come down to just a handful of competitive districts. many of those are clustered in california and new york. democrats currently hold a razor thin majority in the senate. but more democratic senators are up for reelection. and ballots are now starting to come in from all across the globe and out of this world. americans living abroad have now cast absentee ballots in their former state of residence. about 4.4 million americans live abroad. that's according to the federal voting assistance program that includes active u.s. military members, their families and other citizens

of congress. and in one day that bill was dead. so the bill that had the support of 99 out of 100 senators on day one the next day is dead. and at that point, you know, google sort of realized that they were the biggest the biggest force, washington. and that was also the day that we that like big tech became big tech. yeah. that they had sort of it crushed their competitors. it was all about using their you know, using their, their, their, their users, their constituents. imagine if tick talk was around and they tried to shut that. well, you know, that's actually a very good because tick tock if you're fine try to say this very similar tactic a weeks ago or a few months ago where they contacted. id 8 million of their users and said, hey, you know, congress is trying to force. storming storm. right. and it and it totally failed. yeah and i don't know why the difference was, but it might have been all the tick tock calling and members of congress were, you know, eight, nine year old girls. definitely. we might never know for. sure. i also wanted to ask you about trump. so trump actually in 2016. so this seems to be kind of

senator kevin cramer facing h democratic challchristina christiansen in aate hosted by prairie public television. since 1979 in partnership with the cable industry, c-span has provided complete coverage of the halls of congress, from the house and senate floor to congressional hearings, party briefings, and committee meetings. c-span gives you a front row seat to how issues are debated and decided with no commentary, no interruptions, and completely unfiltered. c-span -- your unfiltered view of government. >> c-span now is a free mobile app featuring your unfiltered view of what is happening in washington, live and on-demand. keep up with the day's biggest events with live streams of floor proceedings and hearings from u.s. congress. white house events, the court, campaigns, and more from the world of politics all at your fingertips. you can also stay current with the latest episodes of washington journal and find scheduling information plus a variety of compelling podcasts. c-span now is available at the apple store and google play. c-span now -- your front row seat to washington any time, anywhere. >> treasury secretary janet yellen talked about the future of the u.s. economy, focusing on competition with

leadership in my own party. >> senator, a piece of legislation that you are most proud of in the state senate? sen. mannion: the congressman is part of the most dysfunctional congressover a century. they cannot pass legislation, they remove speakers which is unprecedented, and he neglected to tell you that he did vote against ukraine funding. i am proud of my record. i was not only the co-prime sponsor on green chips legislation, it came to us with less than three weeks left in the legislative session. i worked diligently with senate counsel, my leadership, with the governor's office, the assembly, senators, ceos of the county to make sure we got it done. when we broke from legislative session in june, we were not going to wait around six months for the next opportunity to pass legislation. i did it in a bipartisan manner. it was almost passed unanimously with the exception of two negative democratic votes. additionally, the flood mitigation task force, to make sure we can handle emergency storms and flooding, making sure it is targeted toward the oswego river basin and mohawk river basin, passed unanimously. >> we have talked a good deal about issues that affect v

limited -- limit the number of objections that congress could make and it cannot just be one member of congress or somethinge like that. it requires 20% of the house and senate floor of congress on january 6th. but 20% of the republican party seems willing to entertain crackpot theories and my concern is if in november we vote for congress in the house and senate that is republican- controlled, even if kamala harris wins the vote, they can enact to disqualify states or people in the electoral college and swing the presidency to donald trump. in 2020 this was not as big of a fear, even though we didn't have the act. joe biden overwhelmingly won the electoral college. 306 two 232. what that meant practically was that trump had to run the table and flipped a bunch of states. he could not just flip one and win the election and take away. he had to win many, but now polling suggests we might be down to a single state and it could be arizona or pennsylvania. in that circumstance trump will do everything in his power to swing that election for himself even if it means taking the vote away from the american people. and that's what americans need to be worried about

. >> still ahead this evening, an encore presentation of c-span's original series "congress investigates." we look at a 1975 senate investigation led by democratic senator frank church of idaho, that examines alleged abuses within the u.s. intelligence community. that's followed by republican senator ted cruz and his democratic challenger meeting in their only debate before election day in the u.s. senate race for texas. and we will show you the debate between u.s. senator tim kaine and his republican challenger. all this tonight on c-span. history tv series congress in investigates. this is where we >> thanks for joining us for the tv series "congress investigates." this week, the work of a committee led by idaho senator frank church in 1970 which uncovered information about coverts government programs. our guest is kate scott, u.s. senate historian. governmental operations with respect to intel agents activities, a.k.a. the church committee. why frank church? why. 1975 1975? because in december of 1974, the new york times published a front page above the fold blockbuster article authored by pulitzer prize winnin