two years ago a survey was conducted by the seoul city government for defectors living in the capitalealed a very difficult life. so the city began providing daily necessities last year, as well as help in finding employment. [ speaking foreign language ] >>> many elderly defectors live in this low-income public housing complex in seoul. rent for an 18 square meter room is normally $95. [ speaking foreign language ] cho turned 69 this year, she defected in 2004 after her husband died. she left north korea to see her two daughters who fled first and were hiding in china. the chinese government maintains ties with pyongyang and deports any north korea an defectors they find. after she saw her daughters, instead of staying with them, she sought asylum in south korea, as she didn't want to burden them further. [ speaking foreign language ] >> she now receives $350 in benefits, but no matter how much she economizes, her monthly expenses reach $300, so she must earn money to cover anything more than the very basics. >> defectors often have very few trusted friends and no savings. their work

. >> when you look at what is generated in seoul it's human activity or human vehicle emissions. >> the city has a plan to convert for buses from diesel to natural gas. and to convert seoul to electric hybrid cars only. this area in seoul went from four to six furnaces and soon it will be identity in all more plants to be built in the next six years. >> the decision by south korea's government to expand its coal-fired energy production at a time when seoul's air quality has been getting worse. >> the entire world is moving towards that trend and korea is going the other way even while the number of premature dead is rising. >> they'll reduce carbon emissions by 20%. burning more coal would seem to work against that goal. >> another of the ministry's main objectives is the supply of electricity. we're trying to minimize the use of coal power stations. and even if it's more expensive. there is a conflict of interest. >> for all of the efforts local and across board to tackle the problem, they will have to get used to living with dirty air for some time to come. >> now take a look at this. this

translator: when you look at what is generated in seoul, it's mainly floating dust disturbed by human activity or vehicle emissions. >> reporter: the cityn to convert more buss from diesel to natural gas, to restrict certain areas of seoul to electric or hybrid cars only but there's a problem, coal fired power stations are on the increase. this one went from four to six furnaces, soon it will be eight. 13 knew plants are to be built in the next six years. this is part of a deliberate decision by the government to expand its coal-fired energy production, at a time when seoul's air quality has been getting worse. green peace took its message to the walls of the plant saying south korea should be reducing not expanding its reliance on coal. >> translator: the entire world is moving towards that trend. and korea is going the other way. even while the number of premature deaths linked to pollution is rising. >> reporter: south korea is pledging to reduce carbon emissions by 30% by 2020. burning more coal would seem to work against that goal. >> translator: another of the ministries main objectives is to smooth the supply of electricity. we a

city. central sol central seoul. they want more input. they want -- less interference as they put it from the government itself. so that has been, sort of a battle between the two sides. you show you what is happening here. one year on. everybody is coming to lay a flower at the make shift memorial there. you can see the back here. a number of photos. these ash the photos of some of the school children. some of the victims, who lost their lives on that day. and went down with the ferry when it sank. of course there are more victims to talk about. there are nine who are yet to be found. those families obviously finding stew dale difficult. they have been asking for the ferry to be lifted. salvaged and hoped their loved ones are find. what we heard from today, from the president, she said that salvation, salvage of this ferry would happen soon. some families not happy with that either. saying she didn't say enough. didn't give more in detail. about the investigation. one of the memorials where the high school is, was canceled in protest of

city. i can zoom up if you want so you can see the names there. so you've got seoulsouth korea, hong kong tokyo paris. these cities all have really fast access to the internet because they have made the investments in broadband. now here's what interesting. right next eo it, you have cedar falls, iowa. cedar falls is not a really big place. you have only 40,000 people in seat door falls. the reason they compete with that's other big cities, because citizens got together to make the investment to bring competition in and make sure internet speeds were as fast there as anywhere else. cspan: what is your reaction? >> guest: my reaction, broadband is a really complex issue. i think it is not an area that i'm, i would say an expert in. i'm more of analyst of the broader internet economy and its cultural economy. what i would say i think there is an exaggerated sense of the poor quality of american broadband. america does better in broadband than some people think. having said that though, i do like the korean model. i myself have no problems with public investment in broa

. >> when you look at what is generated in seoul, it's mainly floating dust disturbed by human activity or vehicle emissions. >> reporter: the city has a plan to convert buses from diesel to gas, restrict new cars to electric or hybrid. coal-fired power stations is on the increase, this went from south-west of seoul went from four to six furnaces, soon it will be eight. 13 new plants will be built in six years. what is happening is part of a decision to expand coal-fired energy production at a time when seoul's air quality is worse. greenpeace took its message to the walls of the plant saying south korea should reduce not expand reliance on coal. >> translation: the entire world is moving to the trend. korea is going the other way, each though premature deaths is linked to pollution rising. >>> burning coal would seam to work against reducing emissions. another the main objectives is to reduce emissions. we are trying to minimise the use of coal-powered station even if it's more expensive. there is a conflict of interest. >> reporter: for all the efforts to tackle the problem, some may have to get used to living with dirty air fo

right now we are in the center of seoul in the main plaza, just outside the city hall. as you can see there's a major event going on here. it's sold as a vigil, a candle lit vigil. there's more than a hint of protest in the air. what is expected to happen is there's a commemoration event on the square and then there'll be a march coming up past the city hall towards a thorough fare towards the presidential office. we are told there are 10,000 police on the streets and being held in reserve. as you say, the reason for the anger is to do with what the parents say has been obstruction to their efforts to get an independent investigation into how their parents died - the corruption and lax safety standards involved, the various problems with the government-led rescue effort after the ship began to sink. the president park geun-hye did give the strongest commitment she has to raising the ferry from the seabed. there are nine people missing. there's hope that the bodies may be on board the vessel. that will cost a huge amount of money, taking a long time. that it seems, has n

i just came back from asia and when i was in seoul and tokyo and when i was in different cities in china, they were all asking how can we get more diversity? they realize this is important for competition in the global economy today. we can't afford a conversation that is backwards, saying how do we keep these people in the fringes. because they are going to be there. we need to embrace that and see our populations continue to grow in the u.s. >> two final things and then bring in the audience. first you mentioned the importance. the goal here really is citizenship in the end. not just legal status. and that will require legislation. do you think this executive action in the long run is bringing us closer or further away from a legislative consensus on immigration? >> no question i think it is bringing us closer. and to use the metaphor from before like gay marriage. civil unions, the sky didn't fall. it was a necessary first step, not the ultimate goal. as i joked with friend, what's going to happen when gay marriage goes through? nothing. the world didn't change. gay couples get marrie

city with a $30 plan for a pretty fast connection but for the same $30 a resident of seoul gets internet that's five times faster. and when it comes to internet on your phone u.s. consumers get 40 times less data than their intrrbled counterparts for same money. >> it's not as fast a cat video loads on your phone or how much you pay for that access. what's at issue is americans' ability to qualify for jobs like this and our potential in a global economy where competition is getting more stiff every day. basically at this point roughly half of low income families have no access to the internet and federal officials estimate that 30% of k-12 schools have appropriate broadband infrastructure, all of this leaves us at a terrible disadvantage. >> our students come to school and the playing field is not level. because not all of our kids have access to the devices. and if they don't have a connection, then they don't have access to the content. to the learning that's available to them when they're not in school. and so that's where access to the internet and technology becomes a civil rights i

here in new york city, most people pay about 50 to $60 a month to get online. but in places like london, seoul and paris, it costs nearly half that. and not only is access in the u.s. more expensive, it's also slower. hari sreenivasan explains how that's affecting the poor most of all. >> sreenivasan: two years ago karen been never had to walk to get someplace. she owned a car. she also had a corporate job in atlanta and a house with a pool in the backyard. but today this single mother of two boys is unemployed and on the job hunt in new york city. they moved here for a better life but quickly ran out of money. and the one thing she needs right now to get back on her feet is what most of us take for granted. >> i feel that the internet will definitely be a catalyst in me getting out of the situation we are in. if you are looking for a job they want me to go online and fill out an application. there is no more hardcopies when it comes to resumes. >> sreenivasan: but it's difficult for been to go online and send out her resume. she can't afford the monthly internet bill, which costs around $60 a

city of l.a. if we become a place seen as anti-immigrant or shutting off that valve i was sharing a story, i just came back from asia. and when i was in seoul and when i was in tokyo and different cities in china, they were asking how can we get more diversity? they realize that this is important for competition in the global economy today. we can't afford a conversation that's backwards saying how do we keep these people in the fringes because they're not going anywhere. they're going to be here. we need tomorrow brace that diversity, figure out a way to incorporate and see populations continue to grow in united states. >> let me ask you two final things and then bring in the audience. first, you mentioned the importance of the goal here really is citizenship in the end. not just legal status. that will require legislation. do you think this executive action in the long run is bringing us closer or further away from a legislative consensus on immigration? >> no question. i think that it is bringing us closer. and to use the metaphor from before, gay marriage civil unions, the sky didn't fall. it was a necessary first step not the ultimate

seoul residents have been lighting candles and placing flow others at memorials. there was a moment of silence in the city that lost nearly an entire class of high school students. there was anger at the screen capitol, organizers called off a remembrance ceremony today protesting the south korean government's response to the disaster. >> evidence of the kind of support that there is for the families of those who died on the seoul one year ago today. this is the evening vigil in memory of those who died, the 304 people, 250 of them young high school students. there was also more than a tinge of protest here, as well. that's been the case throughout the day. the families have very much been opposing what the government has been doing in the year since they have been calling for a fully independent investigation to explain some of the questions they still have about the sort of corruption and laxity in standards which led to the sinking, but various problems with the government led to the rescue effort meant many more people than necessary actually did lose their lives. what we saw today was the president v