they are working with a company called sequent. besides all those tools that our carriers are in play today, the app ecosystem has exploded in the last two years. in 2016 we studied across the board ios, android, windows and blackberry and at that time there were a lot of apps, over 85 call blocking or labeling apps available, but we have recently went through and looked at it again and now there are 550 call blocking or labeling apps available. that is a 495% increase in those apps since we launched our website dedicated to educating consumers on this issue. so i think the marketplace is working with the amount of tools, we still need to work, we need to finish up our work on call authentication, that is key, but i think for now consumers have something to work with until we do finish that. >> i want to hear a little bit about the third party providers and then i want to ask some questions on the consumer side and also margot, your thoughts on the access to some of this. alex, maybe if you could talk a little bit about what you've

i certainly expect either at the summit or at the beginning of talks,sequent nuclear that north korea is going to press for early agreements and commitments from the u.s. to start a process of limiting the operations and exercises of u.s. forces in south korea and offshore of south korea. that is going to raise the question, perhaps as early as the summit, subsequently certainly -- what should our response be to that? do we agree to that? or do we basically tell the north, there will have to be taken in terms of agreements and implementation regarding denuclearization before we could begin to talk about u.s. troops? or, you might say, u.s. troops are off the table completely in a denuclearization negotiation? what kind of thinking do you think we should be doing about this? i think this is very crucial. >> chris hill -- >> chris hill has related that he was told throughout the talks, you americans eventually are going to have to come to terms with the issue of u.s. troops with us. that time is about here. as a military person, i don't think we can sacrifice readiness. we have to maint