it was established that kosovo would remain part of serbia. however, once the nato forces were fielded, the kla effectively was put in charge of kosovo by the nato forces. and they proceeded to mete out revenge against the serbs and over the next several months 400 and 700 serbs were murdered probably by albanian vigilantes directly under the nose of nato. also a great many roma were murdered as well. and most of the serbs, not quite all of them but most of the serbs were ethnically cleansed. it was estimated after the serb capitulation nearly a quarter of a million people mostly serbs and roma were expelled or left voluntarily from kosovo. even though who left voluntarily were surely influenced by the murders and other attacks that were taking place during this period. and there's still i should add a serb minority in kosovo. i think it's in the range of 100 to 150,000 although a majority of the serbs have been -- have been essentially expelled from kosovo. ironically, this was a war that set to establish that ethically cleansing as a means o

it was an autonomous province of the republic of serbia. and it was for a very long time, essentially dominated by serbia. internally, kosovo consists of mostly two groups, the ethnic albanian majority which at the time of the nato war were approximately 85-90% of the total population, and a serb minority. again, at the time of the war approximately 10-15% of the population. the two groups had a history of largely negative interactions, the serb historically being the privileged group, the better educated, the more affluent group, the albanians being one of the poorest groups in the former yugoslavia and, indeed, all of europe. under communist yugoslavia it was essentially the serbs who were dominant in the province and the republic of serbia that dominated the province. there was significant discrimination against the albanian majority, and it must be said as a general point the albanians had legitimate historical grievances. in 1966 the communist government of yugoslavia under tito engineered a major change of policy, and in this new poli

we were at a point where some people felt something had to be done against serbia so you just provoked a fight. with regard to the peace terms themselves, gilbert said, quote, i think the terms put to milosevic were absolutely intolerable.

said -- and i'm paraphrasing him -- yugoslavia was over the moment milosevic became president of serbia, you know, as if all the problems were caused by this one individual. .. in a certain sense of the term i guess he could call its actions in afghanistan and invasion. as you could also in the case of kosovo, and that is forced entry to read and so yes, this was a form of invasion. there's no question that at least the iraq and kosovo actions were violations of international law in the sense that they were done without getting approbation from the u.n. security council vote in the case of afghanistan there was a security council resolution that was a legal basis for the military option in that case and the other cases they were not. and so the exception of the iraq case these interventions were illegal military option to the collections. i think it is a legally recognized certainly in the case of kosovo there's been many post/rocky legal analyses that defend a moral purpose as beyond the wall. but as we see looking more carefully at the circumstances. >> are there any more questions? >