everyone isn'ted sherd ward, the most -- seward to be the nominee. if not, they thought it would be claus, governor and senator from ohio. and if not chase, earthed ward bates, the elder statesman of missouri. but somehow lincoln became a dark horse candidate for that position. he worked harder than all the others. unlike the others, he had not made enemies along the way, and he won that mom to nation -- nomination, stunning the convention. but then he stunned the country even more by putting each one of these three rivals into his cabinet. it was unprecedented at the time especially when each of them thought he should have been president instead of lincoln. they were far more experienced, far more educated, and somebody said to him, why did you do this? he said it was very simple, these are the strongest men in the country. the country is in peril, the country needs their services. but maybe lyndon johnson would have put it more imply and more crudely are. better to have your enemies inside the tent pissing out than outside the tent pissing in at yo

this discussion with a quote from senator william seward. he famously said that the division between the free labor north and the slave labor south was leading to an irrepressible conflict between opposing end enduring forces. -- and enduring forces. seward was no radical, but like many at the time, he believed slavery was at the heart of the conflict tearing the nation apart. what we will end with is taking some opposing viewpoints of the cause of the civil war and was it an irrepressible conflict? the it was not inevitable straw, so here we go. tensions arising from the issues related to slavery were inevitable. muggyad been since the summer of 1787 when the founders compromised on slavery in order to get a document that everyone could send out to the states for consideration. that was inevitable. but secession was not inevitable was war1861, nor inevitable in the wake of secession. contingency is the crucial element. 1861en april 1860 and june , a sequence of political nominations, a electoral outcomes, individual presidential decisions i

sue ward was so disappointed -- seward was so disappointed at first he said that he felt like he was hearing his obituary, because people were feeling sod bad about what had happened to hum. when he first assumed the job of secretary of state, he thought, i'll run this thing, i'll be a prime minister, he'll simply be a figure head. but within months he came to understand lincoln was unlike anyone heed had ever known. he settled back the give up his own ambitions to become president the next time around becoming lincoln's most closest friend. lincoln loves nothing more than going to seward's house at lafayette park, they would talk about everything except the war. they went to the theater together more than a hundred times during his presidency. lincoln loving nothing more than to settle down in the darkness with a shakespeare play coming on and imagine himself back in another time and another age. seward was affable, outgoing, loved good stories, loved to drink, loved to smoke his cigars bates had almost the opposite personality. he spent his evening writing in his diary or practicin

this year the company is preparing for the european launch of the vehicle in the coming months seward riley who heads up for europe says the model is the beginning of the and for the company's long history of producing petrol and diesel vehicles. germany's aging population and low birth rates are a terrible cocktail for its labor market many companies say they're struggling to fill positions and there are concerns that the shortage of skilled labor could weigh on the economy in the long term one obvious solution to the problem is immigration in our next report we'll meet a man from afghanistan who's helping to build germany's rail network. bashir tajik is performing final checks at the maintenance step of hamburg spawn inner city rail system he's almost there the 30 year old came here with his wife from afghanistan and 2015 now he's just about to finish up his apprenticeship as an electronic technician. for me personally it was difficult because german is not my native language. it's been a long time since i was in the school room. so i had to start learning from the beginning again a

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and while secretary of state seward found him. he wondered whether this meant he was changing. he acknowledged it was only because his hand was still paralyzed that he was afraid he would sign it shakily. he said, i want people to look t this document in 100 years and firm handwriting and say that he did not hesitate. the document is so faded that no one can really tell, the official document. we want to talk about things that led up to it and things that occurred afterwards, when one of the great characters who played a role, that edna and david have helped us recognize, particularly with david's autobiography. nd that is fredrick doug lass. -- douglas. showering you with dual images of extraordinary people. here they are in the 1840's. people have a tendency to think of lincoln as a bearded statesman. and fredrick douglas as an old man. he wasn't always an old man and lincoln didn't always have a beard. they were remarkable-looking young men. and i want to start with the origins. douglas once said that lincoln never treated him as an inferior and he believed that even though

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this of seward lots to get. the shock i used most i had thought they'd know must be true. which it did not since new york was a right this is. bill and what you believe not leave my t.v. down as a dui the court is accountable for just even if just me start with ace missteps along soft. forgot to remove sometimes these good teachers she knew was that if she wanted to know if you know i was at my. room you could we should volunteer complexity righteously up like this you go to the gym positiveness life any. more to measure. the jump to know most of the truth to come. to should should or could possible would you really if. i missed nothing definite was that usually the last model of. linux but not the. push to be gracious pushy i don't want to say. he. got a 100 and. she. asked me. to mind. when you talk. to me i'm so clean a little piece of. each of. your . shirts made. it was. a little bit more for the people. who took to the blue with. me i knew. i had not it's up but i had to put out on his own about the what was going to. earn some sort of. miss not. you when you says it

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this of seward lots to get. the shock i used most i had thought they'd know must be true. which it did not since the up with this is. bill and what you believe not leave my t.v. down as a day about the court as a county which is even near to me start with ace missteps along soft. forgot to remove sometimes does good teaching you steve so want to mark know i was a. guild. whom you could we should volunteer them to be righteously up like this you go to the gym president's life cheney. i support the measure. he jumped in to know most of the truth from. the 2 ships are quite possible would you believe. i missed nothing definite the last month it was. not the. bush congressional question all point to say. he. 2 she. will but it cost me my. mind. when you. last name. 3 of them so clean a little piece of. each of. yours or. just made a record. if it was. not a little bit more for the poor to feel. good it's up to. me i knew i was going to. submit it's up to her to put out on his own about the world with minutes. or in support of. a. mission i. knew when you just sit. and be sure

seward says it will be seen as a sot shriek on the retreat, lincoln tabled it. a, for two months, there was document being worked on by lincoln, being edited. douglas may know that toward the aftern early september labor day. next two months, lincoln makes some extraordinary public relations decisions that we now look back at with some horror. towrites his famous letter horace greeley, the editor of the new york tribune, saying my paramount object is to save the union. what i forbear about slavery, i do to save the union. august, around the same time, probably the cruelest and 'sst ale advised of lincoln public relations. i think he is doing it because he has an election coming up, he is petrified he will lose the weight voting public. he is scared, even in august. he hosts a group of free african-americans at the white house. one of the great good news-badges stories in american history. a group of african-americans has never been welcomed to the white house before. lincoln emerges with an associated press stenographer by his side and proceeds to lecture his vi

seward says it will be seen as a last shriek on the retreat, so lincoln tables it. lee is invading the north. harold: he is about to invade the north. so, for two months, there was a document being worked on by lincoln, being edited. douglass may know that toward the end when i think the story gets out a bit in early after september labor day. but, for the next two months, lincoln makes some extraordinary public relations decisions that we now look back at with some horror. douglass looked at it with douglass looked at it with horror at the time. he writes his famous letter to horace greeley, the editor of the new york tribune, saying my paramount object is to save the union. what i do about slavery or what i forbear about slavery i do to save the union. emphasizing in public what edna is saying. then, in august, around the same time, probably the cruelest and most ill-advised of lincoln's public relations. why is he doing this? i think he is doing it because he has an election coming up, he is petrified he will lose the white voting public opinion. he knows he will

they are often groans, and this may have been lincoln's aim when he said to seward in washington, a sign for tr strong. aretrong, but coffee stronger. a grown. -- groan. euclidian,aught lincoln took pleasure in the application of logic and misapplication of logic. he relished the story of the illinois street -- state treasurer returning home drawn by red steers. one of the kurt's wheels -- cart's wheels came loose. ran away steers leaving the man asleep. he roused himself and looking over the side of the cart and around in the woods, he said if lostme is john moore, i've a pair of steers. if may name ain't john moore, i have found a cart. in a similar vein, lincoln talked about a meeting at the illinois lunatic asylum. it was a chilly building and lincoln wore a hat. as he made his way along, a lunatic ran out and said sir, i am surprised you will presume to wear your hat in front of christopher columbus. i am sorry, lincoln replied, removing his hat and moved on. later on after the meeting with the hat back on his head, lincoln once more met with the man again who approached him, sir, i