the android performs movements made during prayer of shia muslims while a chant from the koran is played. the teacher showed it to students at an elementary school outside of tehran. they were all excited to see the device. >> translator: i usually pray quickly. i like the robot. i want to pray slowly. >> iranians have shown interest in artificial intelligence. several events showcasing robots have been held across the country. >>> that's "newsline" for this hour. i'm gene otani in tokyo. ñwgg99ç >> welcome. live from paris with me, claire murphy. an hour of rolling news and interviews here on "france 24." thesnipers responsible for -- was on simple for the killing of protesters have been disbanded by authorities. angered by allegations pro-and antigovernment protesters in turkey have taken to the streets following the latest corruption claims. this time they go all the way up to prime minister erdogan. national peace conference. the venezuelan government gets set to hold major talks with

several injured the incident comes at a time of mounting tensions in the country's northwest where shia muslim groups or trying to establish a breakaway state are battling local tribal leaders and the army among the sounds of shia protesters marched through snow accusing the sunni led ruling party which has been in power for fifty years of mass corruption and abuse of power. international peacekeepers in the central african republic have been engaged in firefights while trying to stop looting in muslim neighborhoods in the capital the communities were earlier attacked by rival christian militias forcing muslim residents to flee their homes currently over six thousand troops from france and the african union are in the country trying to quell months of sectarian tension that has killed more than two thousand people. now as a final resting place for almost a million people yet it's kept under strict lock and key the heart island cemetery is one of the biggest in the united states and the access is strictly limited by the government it's even difficult for relatives of the disease to visit their

calls for yemen's government to step down have grown louder thousands of shia muslim protesters have marched through the capital sana'a demonstrators accuse their sunni led ruling party which has been in power for fifteen years of mass corruption and abuse of power shiites have been engaged in a decade long rebellion against the government and want independence for territories in yemen stored west. international peacekeepers in the central african republic have been engaged in firefights while trying to stop looting in the muslim neighborhoods in the capital the communities where earlier attacked by rival christian militias forcing muslim residents to flee their homes currently over six thousand troops from france and the african union are in the country trying to quell months of sectarian tension that. killed more than two thousand people. it's the final are simply is for almost a million people kept on the strict lock and key the heart island cemetery is one of the biggest in the united states and the access is strictly limited by the government it's even difficult for relatives of

they very quickly for you will start with a string of violent protests by shia muslims in bahrain marking the third anniversary of the uprising against the government several injured at least a dozen detained as police used tear gas against the crowds on the rest that began in twenty eleven has been violently suppressed with quite a lot of help from the ruling monarchies gulf allies. france has announced plans to boost its military contingent in the central african republic to two thousand all in a bid to tackle sectarian violence thousands of muslims have been fleeing from their homes since attacks by christian militias were stepped up un officials have warned the conflict which has already killed over two thousand could escalate into full scale genocide. in a southern belle dario far right protesters clashed with police off the proceeding a mosque of one hundred demonstrators arrested after hurling rocks at the security forces and smashing buildings windows. spog by decision to reopen the site and as an active place of worship it had been used for secular purposes since the country beca

demonstrations marked the third anniversary of an uprising that sought to get equal rights for shia muslims from the suv or a little part of. violent storms have whipped north was france killing one man and leaving one hundred thousand homes without electricity the elderly vet them slipped on board the cruise liner being buffeted by gossip up to one hundred fifty kilometers an hour off the coast of retiring six regions across the northwest have been placed on high alert. scuffles have broken out and between police and public sector workers angry at pay freezes and layoffs officers push protesters back from the ministry of administrative reform as they try to get into the building. security in greece has been stepped up after a radical left is fired shots at the german embassy and that's the headquarters of mercedes-benz last week. coming up on our senior international corporate shakeup that could change the face of cable t.v. and the u.s. at some boom bust. burberry believes that the location of the voice still remember. how to do it well there's of the low high tech and said you would stop

to some other stories making international headlines in yemen shia muslim rebels and sunni tribesmen ever agreed on a ceasefire in the north of the country while in the capital side two soldiers were killed and about a dozen wounded in a bomb attack on a military bus monday thousands of shia protesters marched in the sun i q's in the sunni led government of mass corruption and abuse of power. a huge blast outside a hotel in the north pakistan city of peshawar has killed at least eight dozens also wounded in the attack this is peace talks between the pakistani government and the taliban have been dealt a setback the sides were due to meet to start talks but the government says they can't go ahead until the taliban confirms the members of its team. or international news coming your way in about a half hour's time up next a report on how urban surveillance systems operate in big cities stay with us after this short break. welcome to the year of the horse sense of the b.b.c. news subtitles as we enter the chinese new year which is of course is called the year of the horse alas i believe

demonstrations marked the third anniversary of an uprising that sought to get equal rights for shia muslims are missing the ruling party. violent storms have wept northwest france killing one my and leaving one hundred thousand homes without electricity the elderly victim slept on board a cruise liner being buffeted by gusts of up to one hundred fifty kilometers an hour off the coast of perth time six regions across the northwest have been placed on high alert. scuffles have broken out in athens between police and public sector workers angry at pay freezes and layoffs officers pushed prose hacer spike from the ministry of administrative reform as they try to get into the building security increase has been stepped up after radical left this week fired shots at the german embassy and the headquarters of. i'll be back with more news in the about a half an hour i had an artsy answer national max and stacey take on the financial fraudsters and the kaiser report bots if you're watching us and the u.k. it's george galloway with his show sputnik. your best way to the. house of moscow. the alleged

right some other news now in a string of protests by shia muslims in bahrain marking the third anniversary of the uprising against the syrian government several people injured over a dozen detained as police force some crowds packed with gas and the rest that began in twenty eleven has been violently suppressed with help from the ruling monarchies gulf allies. france has announced plans to boost its military contingent in the central african republic to two thousand this in a bid to tackle ongoing sectarian violence thousands of muslims have fled their homes since attacks by christian militias were stepped up in recent weeks u.n. officials have warned that the conflict which has already claimed over two thousand lives could escalate into full blown genocide. and turning to ball gary and how far right protesters have clashed with police procedure in a mosque in the town of. hundreds of demonstrators rocks and bottles are security forces and smashed out the buildings windows. by a decision to reopen the site as an act of place of worship that had been used for secular purposes since the coun

demonstrations marking the third anniversary of an uprising that sought to give people rides for shia muslims from the city and hard violent storms have whipped in northwest france killing one man and leaving a hundred thousand homes without electricity. the elderly victim slipped on board a cruise liner being buffeted by gusts of up to one hundred and fifty one the hour off the coast of the time. six regions across the north west had been placed on high alert go for some it look another in athens between police and sector workers angry at pay freezes and layoffs. with protesters back from the ministry of industry to perform as they tried to get into the building could increase has been stepped up after a radical leftist group fired shots into the sea and attacked the headquarters of mercedes benz less. some art international medical heroics in russia's northern reaches but if you're in the uk it's sputnik with ghost of george galloway stay with us. ay ay ay ay ay. the i mm a seat in a group wants to erect a statue to the lord of darkness in oklahoma city which is a large painting couple of o

one stray sions mark the third anniversary of an uprising that sought to get equal rights for shia muslims from listening ruling party. violent storms northwest france killing one man and live in leaving one hundred thousand homes without electricity the elderly victim slept on board a cruise liner been buffeted by gusts of up to one hundred fifty kilometers an hour off the coast of perth time six regions across the northwest have been placed on high alert. scuffles have broken out in athens between police and public sector workers angry at pay freezes and layoffs officers push protesters from the ministry of administrative reform as they tried to get into the building security in groups has been stepped up after radical leftist groups fired shots at the german embassy and attacked the quarters of mercedes-benz last week. and now for the latest for you in the game that we've been following of course the united states has just triumphed in the verses america men's ice hockey match after a bitterly contested game team usa managed to beat the home side in the sheets out after overtime and eve

demonstrations march and the third anniversary of an uprising that sought to get equal rights for shia muslims from the sunni world and part of. what next on r.t. international medical heroics in russia's northern reaches but if you're in the u.k. it's boom bust stay with us. the alleged phone call between the assistant secretary of state and the u.s. ambassador to ukraine has created quite a controversy in the call like smug british colonisers cashless a big t. in africa they basically say that that native books of phil he's not fit for the government of the of the need to baldwin become prime minister they also mention needing the help of the un to get this thing glued whatever that means although the authenticity of this phone call has not been confirmed but certainly hasn't been denied this reminds me a lot of the snowden leaks independent journalists for years had been writing about government spying but it took snowden to shove it into people's faces and confirm that it was really going on we've heard from people like ron paul jesse ventura and many journalists that the u.s. state depart

abn and shia muslim rebels and sunni tribesmen haven't really done a ceasefire in the north of the country. meanwhile in the capital sanaa. at least two soldiers have been killed and about a dozen wounded in bomb attack on a military bus on monday thousands of shia protesters marched through the snow accusing the sunni led government of mass corruption and abuse of power international peacekeepers in the central african republic have been engaged in a fire fights while trying to stop living in muslim neighborhoods an account of the communities where earlier attacked by a rival christian religious forcing residents to flee their homes currently over six thousand troops from france and the african union are in the country trying to twelve months of sectarian tension has killed more than two thousand people. he stops between pakistani government and talabani have been dealt a setback. the signs when jimmy on tuesday for preliminary negotiations but government now says he can kill a hat antilles line quilting group clarify certain issues. talabani has been waging an insurgency in the country's

the demonstrations marked the third anniversary of an uprising that song to get equal rights for shia muslims from the city of ruling party. weiland storms have wept northwest france killing one man and leaving one hundred thousand homes without electricity the elderly victims left on board a cruise liner being offered by gusts of up to one hundred fifty kilometers an hour off the coast of britain six regions across the northwest to have been placed on high alert. scuffles have broken out in athens between police and public sector workers angry at pay freezes and layoffs officers push protesters back from the ministry of administrative reform as they. trying to get into the building security in greece has been stepped up after a radical leftist group fired shots at the german embassy and it's the headquarters of mercedes-benz. now an artsy international medical heroics and rushes in the northern reaches and in the u.k. it's boot nick with host george galloway to stay with us. tanna group wants to erect a statue to the lord of darkness in oklahoma city which is the logical name capital of the

dollar program now a string of violent protests by shia muslims in bahrain the third anniversary of the uprising against the sunni government several people injured over a dozen detained at the un rest that began in twenty eleven has been violently suppressed with help from the ruling want to gulf allies. france has announced plans to boost its merely military contingent in the central african republic to two thousand as is trying to battle sectarian violence thousands of muslims are fled their homes since attacks by christian militias were stepped up in recent weeks the un's warning that the conflict could escalate into a full scale genocide. on southern ball garia where farai protesters clashed with police off the proceeding a mosque over one hundred arrested after hurling rocks and smashing the buildings windows. by a decision to reopen the site as an act of place of worship and had been used for secular purposes since the country became communist in one thousand nine hundred four. now israel's borders with its arab neighbors are some of the most heavily fortified on earth but within

international a string of violent protests by shia muslims in bahrain marking the third anniversary of the uprising against the sunni government several injured over a dozen detained as police used tear gas. that began in february twentieth been violently suppressed with rather a lot of help coming in from the ruling maleki is a gulf allies. france has enough to boost its military contingent in the central african republic to two thousand and this in a bid to tackle ongoing sectarian violence thousands of muslims fled their homes since attacks by christian militias were stepped up in recent weeks and un officials have warned that the conflict already having claimed over two thousand lives could escalate. the southern area where far right protesters clashed with police after proceeding a mosque over one hundred demonstrators arrested after hurling rocks and bottles at security forces and smashing the buildings windows a local ngo was sponsored by decision to reopen the site is an active place of worship that had been used for secular purposes since the country became communist in one th

are the quick global snap program a string of violent protests by shia muslims and bahrain the third anniversary of the uprising against the sunni government a several people injured over a dozen detainees police used tear gas at the un rest that began in february twentieth been violently suppressed with quite a lot of help in coming from the ruling monarchies gulf allies. france has announced plans to boost its military contingent in the central african republic to two thousand all in a bid to tackle ongoing sectarian violence thousands of muslims have fled their homes since attacks by christian militias were stepped up in recent weeks you are in officials of war that the conflict which has a ready claimed over two thousand lives could escalate into full blown genocide. and southern area far right protesters clashed with police often. over one hundred demonstrators were arrested after holing rocks and bottles of security forces and smashing the buildings windows a local anger was sparked by a decision to reopen the site as an active place of worship it had been used for secular purp

while to more international news in brief now in yemen shia muslim rebels and sunni tribesmen have agreed on a ceasefire in the north of the country meanwhile in the capital sanaa it least two soldiers have been killed and about a dozen wounded in a bomb attack on a military bus on monday thousands of shia protesters marched through sanaa accusing a sunni led government of mass destruction and abuse of power. international peacekeepers in the central african republic have been engaged and firefights while trying to stop looting and in the muslim neighborhoods in the capital the communities really are attacked by rival christian militias forcing muslim residents to flee their homes currently over six thousand troops from france and the african union are in the country trying to quell months of sectarian tension that has killed more than two thousand people. and peace talks between the pakistani government and the taliban have been dealt a setback the sides were due to meet on tuesday for preliminary negotiations but the government now says it can't go ahead until the islamic militant group

and to more international news in brief now in yemen shia muslim radicals and sunni tribesmen have agreed on a ceasefire in the north of the country and while in the capital sanaa at least two soldiers have been killed in about a dozen wounded in a bomb attack on a military bus on monday thousands of shia protesters marched through sanaa accusing the sunni led government of mass corruption and abuse of power. peace talks between the pakistani government and the taliban have been dealt a setback the sides were due to meet on tuesday for preliminary negotiations by the government now says they can't go ahead until the islamic militant group clarifies certain issues the taliban has been waging an insurgency in the country's tribal zones since two thousand and seven and the army recently stepped up its raids on militant strongholds last month more than one hundred ten people were killed in clashes there manny of them soldiers. get a national peacekeepers in the central african republic have been engaged and firefights while trying to stop looting in muslim neighborhoods and the capital the co

police demonstrations mark the third anniversary of an uprising that sought to get equal rights for shia muslims from the sunni ruling party. violent storms have with northwest france killing one man and leaving one hundred thousand homes without power really a victim slipped aboard a cruise liner buffeted by gusts of up to one hundred fifty kilometers an hour off the coast of brittania six regions across the northwest had been placed on high alert. scuffles or broken i wouldn't between police and public sector workers angry at pay freezes and layoffs officers push protesters back to the ministry of administrative reform as they try to get into the building security in greece has been stepped up after radical leftist group fired shots of the german embassy and attacked the headquarters of mercedes benz last week. keyser report coming up after her break stay with us here on r.t. international. the alleged phone call between the assistant secretary of state and the u.s. ambassador to ukraine has created quite a controversy in the call like smug british colonisers cashless a big t. and africa they

they are to some other stories making international headlines in yemen shia muslim rebels in aceh the horizon of agreed on a cease fire in the north country. well in the capital sunnah of his two soldiers were killed but it doesn't with a bomb attack on a military bus monday thousands of shia protesters marched to send ike is in the sunni led government of mass corruption and abuse of power. a huge blast outside a hotel in the north pakistan city of peshawar has killed at least a dozen is also wounded in the attack. this is peace talks between the pakistani government and the taliban have been dealt a setback the sides were due to me to start talks. but the government says they can go ahead and pull the towel then confirms the members of its tea. for international is coming your way in about a half hours time up next report on how urban surveillance systems operate in big cities stay with us after the short break on the in that they did and that isn't illegal in two thousand and ten. a young afghan businessman distance afghanistan from the uk with a mission to create afghanistan's fir

demonstrations marking the third anniversary of an uprising that sought to get equal rights for shia muslims from the sunni one part of. violent storms have whipped northwest france killing one man and leaving one hundred thousand homes without electricity the elderly victim slipped on board a cruise liner being buffeted by gusts of up to one hundred fifty to one hour off the coast of time six regions across the north west have been placed on high alert . scuffles have broken out in athens between police and public sector workers angry at pay freezes and layoffs officers course protesters back from the ministry of administrative reform as a. tried to get into the building trade in greece has been stepped up after a radical leftist the shock of german embassy and attacked the headquarters of the city's fans last week. next on our to international medical heroics in russia's northern reaches but if you're in the u.k. it's with host george galloway stay with us. tana group wants to erect a statue to the lord of darkness in oklahoma city which is the logical name capital of the whole of the sick

your time thanks for turning now to some other stories making international headlines in yemen shia muslim rebels and sunni tribesmen agreed on a cease fire in the north of the country while in the capital sanaa at least two soldiers were killed and about a dozen wounded in a bomb attack on a military bus monday thousands of shia protesters marched through the capital accusing the sunni led government of mass corruption and abuse of power. a huge blast outside otel in the north pakistan city of push our has killed at least eight dozens were injured in the attack this comes as peace talks between the pakistani government and the taliban have been dealt a setback the sides were due to meet to start negotiations but the government says they now can't go ahead until the taliban confirms the members of their team. next friday and slips by the b.b.c. and insights they could give us into the global economy that and more on the always entertaining keyser aboard. the first recreational marijuana shops are now open in colorado finally the question of what effect legal marijuana will have on the amer

demonstrations marked the third anniversary of an uprising that sought to get equal rights for shia muslims from the sunni ruling party. violent storms have whipped northwest of france are killing one man and leaving a hundred thousand homes without electricity the elderly victim slipped on board a cruise liner being buffeted by gusts of up to one hundred fifty kilometers an hour off of the coast now six regions across the northwest have been placed on high alert. scuffles have broken out in athens between police and public sector workers angry at pay freezes and layoffs officers pushed protesters back from the ministry of administrative reform as they tried to. it into the building security in greece has been stepped up after a radical leftist group fired shots at the german embassy and attack to the headquarters of mercedes-benz last week. now up ahead at max and stacey take on the financial fraudsters in the kaiser report stay with us this is our to international. but. i didn't know that you know the price is the only industry specifically mentioned in the constitution and. that's becaus

. >>> a policeman has been killed by a bomb, the third anniversary of the up rising of mainly shia muslims against their sunni rulers. two people were wounded by what it calls a terroristic explosion near the capitol. >>> on friday security forces fought demonstrators as they head to the site that has become the focus of unrest three years ago. morallies are expected on saturday. >>> 92 prisoners have escaped from a jail in western libya. a spokesman for the local council said four guards were watching over 200 detainees at the prison. the prisoners asked for a daughter. when the gate was open they attacked the guards and fled. only 19 have been recaptured. >> in a sign of how the libyan government is struggling to keep control of the prison, 200 prisoners were being watched by four guards. prisoners asked for a doctor, and 92 were able to get out before guards were able to fire on them, injuring two of them, and we're told something like two dozen of those prisoners have been recaptured. this is the latest sign of insecurity in libya where 54 prisoners escaped in the capitol a month ago.

this is the third anniversary of the uprising by mainly shia muslim fighters. two were wounded by what it calls a terror. >> explosion. on friday security forces fought demonstrators as they headed for the site which became the focus of unrest three years ago. >> 92 prisoners escaped from a gaol in western libya. a spokesman for the local council said four guards were watching more than 200 detainees at the prison. john hendren joined us from tripoli. do we know who the prisoners were, and what happened to those on the run? >> 92 escaped. some were recaptured after being shot by guards. there were two guards watching 220 figures, that's an example of how the libyan government is outmanned. there were 73 people sought. 74, my maths is off. there are a number of prisoners sought in tripoli. another prison break occurred. 54 people escaped. the prison, like many government institutions, are being overmanned. that is what seems to have happened here. we don't know the names of all those people missing, and that is still being tallied as we speak. >> separately, but

before the kind of sunni awakening, you lived in mosul, and while there were sunni and there were shia, muslim custody wednesday where there's more sunnis. there wasn't religious animosity. there weren't people who are shooting at each other because they were sunni and there were shia. unfortunately, what's the situation now, or what was the situation with the america's? >> so it looked like almost the country divided by sunni cities, by shia cities, and kurdish places. >> basically, now there's a lot of, there's a lot of violence. >> violence and issues. >> johnny's wife was in baghdad -- no, i'm sorry, excuse me. johnny's wife was in mosul, and you were in baghdad, and can you tell us what happened once you didn't ask we know what happened. tell us about that story. >> so at the beginning they kill my brother and they start targeting me, so we told everyone we are -- i run away to syria or jordan so no one can target my family. anyway, they threatened my wife and a sender, like, letter with a bullet that means they are going to kill her. so she had no option. so next day she took everything

message goes all the way back to zarqawi ten years ago, it's very perniciously sectarian, that shia muslims in particular simply don't have a right to live, and they should be killed. and those who believe that tend to gravitate towards isil. nusra is more of al-qaeda central-like message and also including a threat to us. but i think despite this new statement we've seen, i think is il is going to maintain its pace of operations and continue to be a very serious threat. >> thank you. i'd like to ask you some questions about iraq and iran and the relationship. when i look back at the war in iraq, what really breaks my heart is that we lost so many americans, so much american blood, and now it's almost as if we didn't do anything. nothing we did was positive. it's all been eroded, and it really just breaks my heart for people who lost loved ones there. we're the ones responsible, in my opinion, for making iran the hegemonic power in the region, because iran and iraq for years fought wars, checked each other, and once we blew up concern not that saddam hussein was worth anything, but once we

it's a predominantly shia muslim community. four civilians and one military officer were killed, along with two suspected suicide bombers. reports say it was a car bomb and a motorcycle bomb exploding subtle aniously outside -- simultaneously outside an iranian embass which. >> around the world governments in crisis. in ukraine 25 are dead, and hundreds injured after police went into kiev's independence square and cracked down on anti-government demonstrators have been camped out since december. in thailand fighting in the streets. in venezuela. deadly protests. >> this is a live look at kiev. we have this report mu's there' battle taking place. >> a barricade of fire. demonstrators in kiev's independence square are using whatever they have to keep the police out of the main protest site. riot police fight back with water canons, hoping to make a breakthrough. >> the fires have been burning throughout the night as anti-government protesters took on the security forces. >> protesters torched this armoured personnel carrier as it

police say the hotel was run by shia muslims in the neighborhood. a cleric was killed that in attack on the same day. >> for a look at headlines around the world this morning, the washington post saying that virginia lawmakers want to bring back the electric chair. it will only serve as a backup if lethal injection drugs aren't available, virginia second to texas when it comes to execution, execute in 110 inmates since the death penalty was reinstated. several other states are considering the electric chair. >> in asia, the japan times has a report on the diplomatic dance between the u.s., south korea and japan. president obama is he can specked to visit the region in april. according to people familiar with the matter, tokyo would like its visit to last a few days giving the president time to meet with the prim minister and the emperor. meanwhile, south korea is extending an invitation to president obama and would like him to take a longer visit in seoul. tension between those two countries, seoul and japan and tokyo have had high tensions. >> it h

muslim civilians? the perpetual law between this and the end of the shia and thereafter against infidels and the west my views are shared by the muslim and ex muslim dissidents with him my work we are all anti-islamist or anti-sharia we oppose terrorism and gender and religious apartheid individual rights and individual speech and freedom of religion that means separation of religion and state. i have now published the three studies and i am working on a forth. there we're published in the middle east quarterly and also submitted affidavits for those who come looking for asylum in america. why did i go to afghanistan? what possibly could have been going on? so to tell you about it now at this moment in history it was kismet written in the stars. my destiny. i would like to end this lecture with a little reading from the book. very brief. what if anything to right out of afghanistan? a country where i once lived and i nearly died. i was there. it remains a part of me. i am now a tiny part of the country's history. i will never forget my time there. the natural splendor. this is an accounting of sorts, a

while syria and iraq are divided along sectarian line, shia/sunni, 98% of tunisians are sunni muslimsoices that modern tunisians have made. tunisia's military has stayed out of active politics. contrast that with egypt where the military controls anywhere from 10 to 40% of the economy and business, four of egypt's last five presidents came from the military, and the one that didn't, mohamed morsi was, toppled by the military. another factor behind tunisia's relative success is the foresight of its civilian leaders. three years ago, tunisia had a similar trajectory to egypt. both nations voted for islamist leaders whose movements have either been suppressed, banned or exiled. look at what happened next. in egypt, when a fresh speight of protests began, president morsi refused to reach out to his detractors. he was removed by force. in tunisia the coalition government actually stepped aside off its own accord, handing power to a temporary government. now that is how democracy is supposed to work, by making painful compromises. in cairo, people didn't make those kinds of concessions. egy

whether they are arabs or kurds or christians or muslims or sunni and shia and so on. they are now the kurds and to shia and sunni. it is simplistic understanding of the i'm not unique in iraq as a part of the normal sort of paradigm of iraq if you look at the historical perspective, you have the key cities of basrah. the british mandate after the first world war for independence, iraq is a country was always rich within the region. in the gulf country at the university and so on tha because another key member of the united nations or the league of nations before the arab league as well until 1956. you had the military for about five years and from about 63 for a few months and then back in 68 there was a political party. 22003 they sat down in the vice president's rule and he was useless. they had an adverse impact on the character of the iraq he as well. it changes the fabric of society into the desireand of the desirh into the vision of the dictator and not what the people want. from 1990 followed by the united sanctions is the harshest country that had the sanction

find people of different backgrounds. ,hether they are arabs or kurds or christians and muslims, or sunni and shia. that is why you can never cut , it doesn'tparadigm apply. it is too simplistic and too superficial of an understanding of that. i am occurred and the shia -- i am a kurd and a shia. if we just look at the historical perspective, you have two key cities which represent different civilizations. the british mandate, after the first world war. iraq was always rich within the region. kids to to send their university. it was a key member in the united nations before the arab league. a monarchy until 1958. from 19:50 a.m. the military -- 1958, bathas ruled until 1968. from 1968 to 2003, saddam ruled. he was ruthless, which had an adverse impact on the character of the as iraqis -- on the character of the iraqis. molded to the desires of the dictator and now with the people want. the kuwait invasion in 1990 followed by the sanctions. most sanctions. 2003, the u.s. invasion. since then, we had a number of milestones from a democratic point of view. we have the elections, provision elections,

and by traditional muslim which are comprised of shia and sunni scholars and cultural thought leaders local leaders, who ascribed to one of the classical schools of islami. historically the foundation was formed by community belief. the first phase of development the 64 constitution and concurrently you have the development of political organizations which are distinct from the mostly apolitical muslim networks that we referred to. these were influenced generally by the muslim brotherhood, islam groups, etc. secondly, secular groups emerged in the 1980's, many of them amongst the diaspora community in pakistan. the most recent stage has been shaped by organizations created after 2001, including women's sportst groups, institutes, educational institutions, media, the list goes on. aree organizations currently registered with the afghan government. of course, there are many more unregistered. and they have received considerable international support. for the purposes of this research, we have adopted a broad definition of society which includes religious institutions as well as tribal n

and by traditional muslim networks which are comprised of shia and sunni scholars him and cultural thought leaders, local leaders who ascribe to one of the classical schools of islamic jurisprudence. the first phase of secular civil society development began under king shah's new democracy foster the constitution and concurrently you have the development of political islamist organizations which are very distinct from the mostly apolitical traditional muslim networks that we just refer to. these were influenced generally by love and brotherhood, islamic groups, et cetera. a second wave of second or positions been emerged in the 1980s, 1990s. many of them amongst the desperate community in pakistan. the most recent state has been shed by or positions created after 2001, including women's interest groups, sports institutes, educational institutions, media, and the list goes on. these organizations are currently registered with the afghan government. of course, there are many more unregistered ones. they have received considerable international support. you will note that for the purposes of

shia protesters marched through sanaa accusing the sunni led government of mass corruption and abuse of power. international peacekeepers in the central african republic have been engaged in firefights while trying to stop looting in muslim neighborhoods in the capital the communities were earlier attacked by rival christian militias forcing muslim residents to leave their homes early over six thousand troops from france and the union are in the country trying to quell months of sectarian tension that has killed more than two thousand people. and peace talks between the pakistani government and the taliban have been dealt a setback the sides were due to meet on tuesday for preliminary negotiations but the government now says they can't go out until the islamic militant group clarifies certain issues the taleban has been waging an insurgency in the country's tribal zones since two thousand and seven and the army recently stepped up its raids on militant strongholds last month more than one hundred ten people were killed in clashes there manny of them soldiers. now on the outskirts of new york there is a huge and secretive cemetery protected from prying eyes by the u.s. prison service or jesus a church that one woman has s

muslims in pakistan or coptic christians in egypt. and in syria, it means that ensuring a place for all people, alawites and sunni, shia and christian.g for religious freedom around the world. and that includes, by the way, opposing blasphemy and defamation of religion measures which are promoted sometimes as an expression of religion, but, in fact, all too often could be used to suppress religious minority's. we continue -- [applause] -- to stand for the rights of all people to practice their faiths in peace and in freedom. and we will continue to stand against the ugly tide of anti-semitism that rears its ugly head all too often. i look forward to nominating our next ambassador at large for international religious freedom to help lead these efforts am and we are moving ahead our new strategy to partner more closely with religious leaders and faith communities as we carry out our foreign policy. and want to thank shaun casey from the wesley theological seminary for leading this work at the state department. john i think is here today and we want to thank him for the outstanding work he is doing. thank you. [applause] >> so around th

muslims in pakistan or bahai in iran or coptic christians in egypt. and in syria it means ensuring a place for all people alawites and sunni, shia and christian.oing forward, we will keep standing for religious freedom around the world. and that includes, by the way, opposing blasphemy and defamation of religion measures which are promoted sometimes as an expression of religion, but, in fact, all too often can be used to suppress religious minorities. we continue to stand for the rights of all people to practice their faiths in peace and in freedom. and we will continue to stand against the ugly tide of anti-semitism that rears its ugly head all too often. i look forward to nominating our next ambassador at large for international religious freedom to help lead these efforts, and we're moving ahead with our new strategy to partner more closely with religious leaders and faith communities as we carry out our foreign policy. and i want to thank sean casey from the wesley theological seminary for leading this work at the state department. shawn is here today. we want to thank him for the outstanding work that he's done. thank you, shawn. so aroun