skilled immigrants all of them in my experience are decent, good people. you can be a hard working person, but it just so happens the modern american economy rewards some kind of skills much more than others. this is the reality we are dealing with in our domestic debates and that has to be thought about when it comes to immigration. it's a big picture of the classic argument and by the way there is some truth to it will skilled immigration complements high skilled populations if i have to work late into the night, who is going to take on the tasks i might otherwise have taken on? it's great to have folks who are willing to do the work in thosee jobs. it could be lucrative for them. my concern is when you look at any economy it's dynamic for example the price of gasoline when it doubles or triples what happens is that at first people might start driving a little bit less. you might buy a previous or start adapting the kind of vehicle you drive and eventually you might decide i'm going to make a big city like washington, d.c. or new york or encourage more d

low skilled emigration.and actually supporting the next generation. doing what the society can i what people can allow for that success rather than for a vote. possible bad news. let me take those piece by piece. because you are first talk about an amnesty. it's interesting actually because you spent no time in the book talking about unauthorized emigration to you talk about emigration and that obviously incorporates both legal and illegal immigration. but, of course, the fact that such a large share of our foreign-born population, one out of four, is here illegally for a nation of immigrants, i think we all have degree pretty indefensible situation. amnesty is a central issue but your chosen the word amnesty, and the word amnesty just as a word is such a charged word. on that side of the political discussion. talk a little bit more about why that choice of a word, what an amnesty would look like for you, people that have advocate for amnesty over the years have become more and more to use the terminology ea

seem quite right the world is changing if you look at the challenges facing workers with limited skills whether native or foreign-born that isn't quite right. so then i saw the labor demand those corporate voices that used to be very important in immigration debates in the eighties and nineties and 2000's were not as prominent the nature of the immigration debate started to change maybe we need a different approach so i started to think about that issue about that second generation and immigration is an important truth but i felt that we are more important issue was how do we see that all americans of different backgrounds and colors are a part of a greater whole and is that policy helping that process? or is it making it more challenging? so that was the big thought if we are thinking long-term multi generational terms, do we need a more humble and restrained operation? that initial thinking was i come from an immigrant family it was enormously revitalized but you also have to think about the succeeding generation and whether or not you have that political consensus to invest in young

and thirdly, it will be a skills —based system, giving priority to those with the skills that we needan attract the brightest and best people to the uk. those who will help our economy flourished. this follows advice that has been commissioned by the government from the independent migration advisory committee on the impact of european migration on the uk economy and society. we believe this is fairand uk economy and society. we believe this is fair and it will help drive up this is fair and it will help drive up wages this is fair and it will help drive up wages and productivity across our economy. following these three principles, we are acting to make the future immigration system work. for those coming to our country, for businesses, for public services and the uk as a whole. our approach will maintain protections for british workers while cutting bureaucracy. fundamental to this will be a new route for skilled workers to ensure employers can route for skilled workers to ensure em ployers ca n access route for skilled workers to ensure employers can access the talent they need to

the white paper proposals focus on a skill—based immigration system that would scrap the cap on high—skilledw plans will affect the economy. well, i think that with the right immigration system, one that is focused on skills and therefore the economic contribution that people bring in, there is no reason to think there will be any economic damage. and the proof of that is, if you look at other countries across the world, other large, developed economies that have independent immigration systems, they have no such thing as freedom of movement. take australia, take canada, take the united states, for example. they are perfectly able to function and be prosperous economies with an independent immigration system. so i don't buy this idea that by ending freedom of movement somehow you become less prosperous. we are perfectly capable of designing our own immigration system that meets our national interest, including our economic interests. it is our objective... it is clear. it is our objective... it is clear. it is our objective... it is clear. it is about bringing net migration down. current lev

i'm going michael's government has approved is due to approve rather legislation that should help skilled workers from outside the european union find jobs in germany the country urgently needs people to fill more than a million job vacancies now this proposed law would simplify the process for recognizing professional organization training degrees who have earned their degrees abroad now it would also eliminate the requirement that employers have to check whether german nationals are also available to fill the vacancy and that would allow qualified non e.u. nationals who speak germany a german rather to live in the country while. they look for work well let's get the latest on the story with the huns bronte is following it for us and he joins us from our parliamentary studios hi hans good to see you can you give us an idea of the difficulties that german companies face when it comes to finding skilled workers. well there's two aspects to this on the one hand various a growing german economy the economy has been growing for a number of years now so that creates additional jobs on the othe

high—skilled workers will be welcomed. low—skilled workers will be able to come for a short time.on. so, in folkestone, where the tunnel surfaces, a town that voted emphatically to leave the eu, how do locals here view the proposals? i don't think anybody has got any problem — well, me personally — if anyone wants to come over here and work for a living. then they are welcome. can i ask you which way you voted in the referendum? i voted the same as last time, out. out? 0ut. i think we should get the numbers down, but the ones that should be here working and making good, in the nhs and things like that, should be encouraged to come in. i think we should cut them all. that sounds awful, i know. you think it's about numbers, do you? yes, absolutely. this is what freedom of movement looks like now. these young dancers are very unlikely to earn anything like £30,000 a year. if the eu members of this troupe were no longer here, the few remaining british would dance alone. professional dance companies at the higher level in this country employ something like 30—35% eu nationals and, if t

as are black men iraqi who are skills and wants to use them here in germany. is nervous he has to give a presentation to the whole team today the forty year old iraqi is an apprentice at an i.t. company and like most of his colleagues here ok fine she has only lived in germany for a few years. they hail from syria iran and iraq and they all came to germany as refugees i mean. this is a great chance for me because it's difficult to get a job training position here. three years ago a request for asylum was denied his official status since then has been with germany terms tolerated right to state this apprenticeship will give him a chance of staying longer the skills he's learning are in demand here there are eighty to one hundred thousand positions in the loan that cannot be filled due to lack of qualified workers. up until now the problem was if you get someone who is not european then there is a risk that they are not going to be able to stay at the end of the day you need a visa and what am i going to do if they don't get a visa as well as the horrified. i ha

high—skilled workers will be welcomed, low—skilled workers will be able to come for a short time.folkestone, where the tunnel surfaces, a town that voted emphatically to leave the eu, how do locals here view the proposals? i don't think anybody‘s got any problem if... well, me personally, if anyone wants to come over here and work for a living, they're welcome. can i ask you which way you voted in the referendum? i voted the same as last time — out. out? out. i think we should get the numbers down, but the ones that should be here working and making good in the nhs and things like that should be encouraged to come in. i think we should cut them all! that sounds awful, i know. you think it's about numbers, do you? yes, yes, absolutely. this hospital is particularly concerned about the idea of a ban on eu workers earning less than £30,000 a year. javierfrom spain is a nurse — so is monica from portugal. petronella from romania is a nursing assistant. none earn more than £30,000. we'd be very concerned about the impact of an arbitrary salary cap. pay is not a proxy for skill level. t

skills. communication, the ability to get along with others. but we are hearing from employers that they want people who have the qualities they can't automate. how do you foster those soft skills? >> we recently were doing an analysis and it was pretty similar to other external studies we read, where 16% of candidates were failing interviews for soft skills reasons. things like when you hop on the phone, how are you answering the phone? did you answer the phone, "what's up?" are you answering the phone, "hi, this is liz?" is there a baby crying? 25% or 26% of college students or parents. if your baby is screaming in the background and you have an interview, often an employer may look at that and say, they are babysitting someone's baby? a lot of it is around communication. what we are doing at wayup, it is the only company i know of that is doing this. something we saw, we have been doing it for about a year, something we saw was that employers would -- it kind of makes sense when you think

most of the ones i've seen are more specific to hard skills. what manager hasn't said to their team member, you need to get better at giving feedback, collaboration, something soft skills related and imagine if that student or not that student but that early career employee could take a course on it and have interactive component that would be awesome. >> so the question of whether or not you can find that kind of stuff on-line is a really interesting one. i don't know what's out there. what i will say is m.i.t. has been very involved in the on-line education movement. we co-founded edx, one of the major provider of on-line courses offered by many institutions, but the non-profit that runs it is a co-project of m.i.t. and harvard. one of the things that people always try to do in those kinds of settings, the people who are deeply entrenched in learning theory and in modern work on education research, is to create some of these social interactions in the on-line classes. it's really hard. i would say that that's going more slowly, the ability to

it's called life skills.d dad go home and ask what you did you ask for extra money but that's part of the process. go outside and play get a scrape attorney and take care of yourself. were not doing that now we have to have classes on how to be a functioning, human being who can problem-solving situations. i'll do the pause right now. [laughter] [applause] greg: kat, isn't this decline in skills like evolution in the sense that i tried to write a check yesterday and i could not handwrite the check because i've forgotten the motor skills to write because i've been texting and doing everything so i tried to -- you have to write out the dollar amounts with words. tyrus: oh my god. greg: it's hard. kat: it's not hard. greg: you never held a pen or pencil. kat: i did today. greg: what for? kat: i was doodling at my desk. i don't need this class. not because i have the skills but because i have entered into a higher state of being where i do not need the skills becaus because -- for example, cooking, order the food

we think immigration strengthens our country, but skill level matters. given where our economy is, we want to be encouraging immigration and restricting less skilled immigrants entering the workforce host:. from the pages of the once and future worker, the immigration debate is about america's priority. if gdp rose is the goal that all forms of immigration might make sense. if reducing consumer prices is the goal, then inviting enough workers to work for as little as possible might be the right choice. if lowering -- the economic case for unskilled immigration collapses. "the once and future worker" by our guest, oren cass joining us from new york. let's take a call from barney in north carolina. here is an intelligent in the 21st century. he is talking about the balance of trade. that stuff is not important. it is all about stuff. ok? the middle of the 19th 1845, a man said id file you -- id file you -- i every --ell me that if if other countries flood our shores with useful goods, that we are the worse for it. this country, even more so with allp, of c

level road really matters -- skill of a really matters. be restricting how many less skilled immigrants we have entering the workforce. host: from the pages of "the once and future worker," by oren cass, it is ultimately about priorities. if gdp is the growth, -- welcoming as many workers willing to -- again, the pages from the once and future worker by our guest, oren cass in new york. it is barney in thomasville, north carolina. yes, here is an in the 21stman century. 22nd century, isn't it. he is talking about the balance of trade. one of the most boring concepts ever devised by the mind of man. he says that stuff is not important, but it is all about stuff, ok. as of the middle of the 19th century, about 1845, a man named at, said i defyi that other me countries with all manner of useful goods that we are the worst for it. this country even more so with but with allrse, the other countries on the world come are operating with the mercantilist system, or that presumption, that there has to be this balance of trade which said the biggest

businesses want skilled and high skilled escape —— low skilled labour.ive brits are being trained to do thejobs. we native brits are being trained to do the jobs. we cannot really push this aside. if you were to get rid of some of these immigrants were coming on lower pay but still getting paid, so on lower pay but still getting paid, so contribute in and not taking as many benefits, it could cause huge disruption to business. there is no stability question marks —— there are still really big question marks. you can tell he wants a more liberal and open immigration policy and he is pushing it. i do think it‘s a good thing. i do not remember anybody in the referendum debate explaining the complexities of this issue in quite this way. we're going to instruct the papers. just run out of time. just got some breaking news coming to us here at the bbc news. we‘ve got some tweets sent from gatwick airport. this is it a major disruption at gatwick tonight. more on this at the top of the hour. to stay with us. if a developing story. for now, though, from both dav

highly skilled workers are going to need to earn £30,000 or more before they come to britain and low—skilledme to and only allowed to stay in thatjob for one year at which point they will have to leave and have a cooling off period for another year. at which point they will be allowed to come back. it's not really be open and global britain we are trying to promote. lost at the same time trying to control migration. the idea and fear that this will deter skilled workers is probably very realistic and something back in london at least is not a particularly welcome move. moving a migration system based on where you come from to the skills you are bringing. the skills -based system which theresa may has been talking about in her plans. and to nobody ‘s surprise, this has caused significant disagreement. the cabinet is split down the middle. along with the rest of the country on my most —— most brexit subjects. the hammond and greg clark are among the ministers who raised concerns. if brexit is to be sold to leave voters, it has to be including something like this. otherwise she will find hersel

what is happening in terms of skill levels, having people coming based on skill., what about the amount of money that people need to prove in order to come over here. £30,000 minimum? independent advice we received sedition of the assault of £30,000 but this was pre— match the start of a conversation with industry and regional developed administrations and across the uk. we wa nt administrations and across the uk. we want to take advice from business. understand what their needs are. and those people who are on the shortage occupation list. already coming in with a lower starting group salary than £30,000. it's right that we should be able to reflect we have shortages in our economy and to attract those people with the skills that we obviously need. i suggest to you that £30,000 isa need. i suggest to you that £30,000 is a big step away from realistic salaries when you look at industries such as hospitality, care homes, agriculture, construction where salaries of £30,000 are rare but you need a large number of those people in those industries and they are coming f

people who do not have skilled work.r route. that is very important because people were worried that without those unskilled workers, businesses and public services would suffer. thank you very much and we will hear from nhs employers later to see what they make of that decision. our correspondent sarah ransom is in torquay for us now. it looks a nice day, you are going to get some opinion and reaction on the south—west coast. to get some opinion and reaction on the south-west coast. that is right, iam, it isa the south-west coast. that is right, iam, it is a bit the south-west coast. that is right, i am, it is a bit blowy here and the rain has gone through. i am here in torquay. this was an area that voted strongly to leave back in 2016. and this is an area that relies on some of those hospitality workers will guest was talking about. and also relies very heavily on the care sector for relies very heavily on the care sectorfor migrant relies very heavily on the care sector for migrant workers. there relies very heavily

there is definitely a skills shortage. lots and lots of agency workers because we could not fill posts and european workers are excellent and happy to come over and work. i was talking to a lot of people today, some of whom said to me that a lot of people should go back to where they came from because there should bejobs, britishjobs, for people. what we do say if you had jobs billing those roles? people apply but quite often we do not get local applicants, senior roles as well. we recruit from all over the country. we have a group general manager from turkey. 0ur head chef is from france. a lot of people from eastern europe. we just cannot get uk workers so, why not? in terms of the way this is shaping up, how the government is trying to find a solution to what has been and was a hot topicjarring solution to what has been and was a hot topic jarring the solution to what has been and was a hot topicjarring the referendum debate in terms of immigration, do you have any thoughts bearing in mind you rely so heavily on eu work

engineers it will allow low skilled immigrants to work for up to twelve months before they would be forced to leave again a suggested minimum salary threshold equivalent to around thirty eight thousand dollars for skilled e.u. migrants is being deferred for further consultation and the whole system would be phased in from twenty twenty one a new twelve month visa would be used for individual unskilled workers from specific low risk countries they would not be allowed to settle or bring their relatives with them and it seems destined still little for better integration but it is an explicit recognition from the government that despite anti immigrant sentiments some sectors of the u.k. economy have become dependent on cheap unskilled migrant labor using a salary threshold to define skilled and unskilled workers is worrying to hospitals and health care providers the starting salaries of nurses paramedics and midwives will likely put them below the threshold that's a problem in a service where twenty one percent of nurses and health visitors are non british and thirty percent of doctors

could robots fill the staffing gap in german nursing homes and hospitals we meet some of the highly skillful machines being put to the tastes. and reconnecting the two koreas plans to link the peninsula across its heavily armed border of bio road and rail. i've been physical and let's do business it's a post christmas come back after the steep losses of late shares in new york surged by five percent on wednesday in a broad based rebound the best day for wall street in a decade it was partly thanks to santa claus the big retailers were among the gainers tech stocks too but will it be short lived there are fears of a slowdown in the world's biggest economy and that's weighing on global sentiment. to talk about the volatility or dizzy luis the heart always at the new york stock exchange for us is the u.s. economy in a good or a bad place right now. as it is right now the u.s. economy is on track to grow. potential while unemployment stays at the lowest since one thousand sixty nine consumption as you mentioned is still a strong this is important since for two thirds of the u.s. g.d.p. incoming

firstly, skilled workers like plumbers and so on. skilled work but not extremely skilled work.f you don‘t belittle them our own young people don‘t get the opportunities. sucking and needs to be pressure from the immigration system be pressure from the immigration syste m o n be pressure from the immigration system on industry to make sure it is in their own financial interest to train british people, otherwise they won‘t do it. you mentioned the medical staff, i think. they won‘t do it. you mentioned the medical staff, ithink. they they won‘t do it. you mentioned the medical staff, i think. they are excluded and have been excluded from the cap for some six months or so and a large number of people coming through the present system are for the health service. so special arrangements can be made for them. they are really important to everybody. that leaves you with the unskilled who you mentioned just now. people in the hospitality industry or something like that. well, it‘s also the case that there are4 well, it‘s also the case that there are 4 million people in this country who

and could robots fill the stuff gap in nursing homes and hospitals we need some highly skillful machines carrying out their duties. well and welcome to the business. german business leaders are having mixed feelings about what to expect in the new year economists still expect a healthy growth in twenty nine thousand of the brics and chaos the trade dispute between the united states and china as well as ongoing tensions between washington and brussels and of course a dramatic shortage of skilled labor all weigh heavily on business and to mint it now appears to be a global trend the economy has lost momentum has the bull market ended fewer homes are being built in the u.s. chinese retail figures have fallen to the lowest level in fifteen years and things aren't looking great for german industry. new orders were down for seven out of ten months this year twenty eighteen began with lackluster figures before two spikes in may and august but the clear trend is definitely downward. experts now expects germany's economy to only grow one point five percent next year much lower than berlin's offic

ministers say it'll be skills that matter from now on.he us federal reserve has raised interest rates by a quarter of a percentage point. labour mp fiona onasanya is found guilty of perverting the course ofjustice after lying to police to avoid a speeding charge. old marley was dead, dead as a doornail. one of charles dickens‘ best—loved stories, a christmas carol, turns 175 years old today. and in half an hour, i will be looking back at a turbulent 12 months on our high streets. that's review 2018: the retail year with me, emma simpson. the labour leaderjeremy corbyn has denied calling the prime mininster "a stupid woman" during prime minister's questions this afternoon. conservative mps accused him of mouthing the words during heated exchanges at the despatch box. it caused angry scenes in parliament. mr corbyn later returned to the commons and said he had in fact said "stupid people". our chief political correspondent vicki young reports. rowdy scenes in the house of commons — nothing new there, but this went way beyond the usual heate

and a technology occupational skills training component, healthcare, occupational skills training. these are considered with all the different languages and these are training programs pertinent to the sector which you see which is the first road in front of the long title. there is an overlap with respect to public housing residents served by the drivers apprenticeship training program and outreach to rad housing site that is what we know. that is -- working with the nonprofit sector through that program. so that it is important because we are really working hard to address some of the inherent challenges with respect to the system. we know we are really trying to address the fact that there are some ways where there is an unfortunate challenge around living in public subsidized housing because some times you can, especially around community members in public housing, it can be a concern that if you make more money, then your rents will go up, could go up and will go up. and you run the risk of getting such a good job that you could income disqualify yourself and make too much mon

this is the home of skills, a san francisco company doing both things. managing esports while pushing for more new coders. cnbc named the company the top 50 disrupter companies, the first esports company to make that list. thanks for being with us this morning. i was looking at the statistics. about 23% generally speaking of an engineering work staff is female throughout silicon valley. yours is at 35%, which is still, obviously, not high enough, but higher. what have you done to attract female coders? >> so i think generally in the tech industry there is an issue historical historical historically being male dominated specifically with skills. we implemented an objective hiring process that runs, first, a skill-based panel for testing the candidates and then later a cultural panel. and we actually correlate the number of people passing all of the skill-based testing against cultural test. >> give me an example of cultural testing. >> people say team fit, spend time meeting each person and see if you like working with them. >> are the skills tests blind?

skills like carpentry and mechanics. that sort of thing. maybe not assuming they would ever go to university. sherman institute was originally established at paris, just southeast of us here, in the 1890's. frank miller, he was a real advocate of the arts and crafts movement, and his hotel had just been redesigned and rebuilt in the mission revival style. he wanted to get a real mission, real indians to riverside. that is not to denigrate his intent. he was always a promoter and a progressive for his time. so he convinced the federal government they ought to move sherman institute from paris to riverside. riverside lost its status as an elite city, maybe the early 1970's, but it is gaining it back again, and as it gains it back it is taking on the 21st century look, mixed in with the historic district buildings. now we're kind of reestablishing and refocusing, like a lot of cities are, toward the digital world and the digital future, and clean energy. we will turn up here in front of solarmax. that building sat vacant fo

the government sets out its post—brexit immigration policy — based, it says, on skills and not whereple come from. but there's a rift between the home secretary and downing street over the manifesto aim of cutting net annual migration to the tens of thousands. yes or no — is it the prime minister's intention that her government will still reduce immigration to the tens of thousands? yes. we'll bring you all the details from westminster on this key piece of post—brexit policy. also this lunchtime: the uk's main business groups have appealed directly to mps to avoid the "severe disruption" of a no—deal brexit. it comes as the european commission publishes its plans for flights and freight and other areas in the event of no deal. millions of customers who stay with a company long—term are paying much more than they should, says the markets watchdog. manchester united appoint former player ole gunnar solskjaer as caretaker manager, a day after sacking jose mourinho. and a special reading of one of charles dicken‘s best—loved stories, a christmas carol, which was published 175 years ago t

he said the future system would be based on people's skills and would bring immigration down to morecalled the changes a "tragedy," while others said they were left "heartbroken and depressed". we all heard the public's concerns about immigration in the run—up to the eu referendum. these were concerns held by many voters on both sides of the debate. the result of that referendum was clear. the uk will be leaving the european union on the 29th of march, 2019. this means that we can end freedom of movement so that for the first time in more than 40 years, we will be able to say who can and who cannot come into this country. the automatic preference for eu citizens will end, he said, and priority will be given to people whose skills are needed in the uk. there will be no cap on numbers and no requirement for the high skilled workers to undertake a resident labour market test. and there will be a minimum salary threshold. we are also creating a time—limited, short—term workers route to ensure businesses have the staff that they need to fill the jobs as they adapt to a new immigration sys

workers the new immigration law now is designed to address this problem to make it easier for skilled labor from outside of the you to move here but still some questions remain how will the new immigration laws affect people working in germany whose asylum requests were denied they may be granted the tolerated right to stay status for another two years yet there is still a stark demarkation between those seeking asylum and the migration of trained professionals to germany as an incline when there were small companies in the north anything after three years we were told a colleague has to return to his or her country of origin you know that would be a setback not just financially or from a business perspective but also personally as one of your posts. to some of your time from syria is the newest instructor he has been on the country as an i.t. specialist since april. first apprentice he still has one year to go and hopes go well. when i was going to complete my training and get a job and stay here in germany so that would make me really happy and satisfied and . if we're going to noti

they don't have the job skills in the same way. in one group of people we do everything we can to make sure that they get back on their feet and we should. in another we're still judging them. and we're not doing what we could. and i would say again if you can't do it out of compassion because it's the right thing to do just realize with 700,000 people coming home, 94% of all prisoners will come home some day, it is in our interest to make sure they come back and land on their feet. they're our neighbors and our friends. we have to do better than we're doing. >> thank you. jeff, want to close us out with some thoughts? >> you know, from my observation to a lot of especially young men like myself, we went in the system, many of us went in with some type of mental health challenges, growing up in poverty, being exposed to abuse, the drug and gang culture, growing up in single parent homes and what not. i think that process needs to begin on the inside. and because when you get the incarceration impact on you of being locked up, contr

under the skilled worker scheme, you will need a job paying £30,000.han that you have a job paying less than that you have no automatic right to come in. for highly skilled, brain surgeons, brilliant engineers, those kind of people, they will be no cap on the numbers that can come in. what is interesting about this white paper you sense the tension is rippling through cabinet over this paper. because there is no real agreement over this 30,000 threshold. we learned that figure will be put out to consultation and review because some in the cabinet are worried that lots of people businesses would like to be recruited that businesses can't recruited that businesses can't recruit because they are paid less than 30,000. the argument is that it would damage the economy. the most interesting row is over this target of getting net migration down to the tens of thousands, something mrs may has stuck to again and again. this morning number ten said they are sticking to that and when the home secretary, sajid javid appeared on the wireless, he did not commit to t