japan's secret weapon was no secret to our gunners or our y flyers who had been tinting the south pacificose sashes. to meet our latest challenge. they rose every plane that could fly, new or old, from the very heart of japan itself. 16-year-olds still in aviation school were given their wings, a sash and a mission. it was a maniacal, all-out effort to smash our sea power, isolate our troops on okinawa. it was desperation. it was suicide. but it would be the pattern from now on to the very finish. a struggle between men who want to die and men who fight to live. by night it went on. hundreds of land-based planes streaked low over the sea. they dove out of the dawn. again, the old battleships were there and new ships of the line. and a rugged little man named ernie pyle. there was no retreat. this was the fleet that came to stay. that had to stay. had to stay because the men that the navy landed needed tons of steel from navy guns. even as we beat off fresh waves of jap planes overhead, the big guns of the fleet smashed enemy strongholds miles away. had to stay because our men advancing ov

as a supreme commander in the south pacific, he turned over his position to weigh right. commander wayne right. >> mcarthur made the first leg of his journey to australia, through enemy invested waters. and then by plane,. bhutan fell on the 9th of april 1942. thousands of captured americans and filipino prisoners of war, began their death march. hundreds were to die, fell by exhaustion, am at the hands of their captors. the battling -- of putin, there was a heroism seldom matched. the last foot hole, and what had seemed iraq fortress, we waited the inevitable loop. the fortunes, of the united states and its allies were at the lowest. but the japanese, we're soon to learn that their home man was vulnerable to a surprise attack. 16 be 25 bombers led by james do little, prepared to take off from an aircraft carrier. their target was tokyo, and four other major japanese cities. it was only nine days, after the fall of bhutan. never before had such a carrier based operation been attempted. the psychological effects of the raid on tokyo, was worse than the material damage it a

general douglas mcarthur commander in the south pacific, commander chester ness.eral dwiegt general dwight d. eisenhower. general leslie mcmayor, commander general of all american ground forces. general omar bradley commandant of the infantry school soon to be given a top field command. general henry hap arnold, commanding air armed forces. the general moved up to the chief of services of supply with for what would finally be an army of many millions deployed throughout the world. the first of our troops began arriving at overseas staging areas. in north ireland, england, australia, and army troops relieved battle scarred and weary marines who continued the fight for the solomon islands. the united states was demonstrating not only a will to fight but a capability of fighting a two-front war against great odds on far-flung battlefronts half a world apart. on the 8th of november, 1942, american amphibious forces struck the shores of north africa. we were to use an appropriate american phrase, in business. the business of an all out fight against powerful aggressors

our troops must build them through the swamps of the south pacific. the snows of the far north.e mountains of india. across the rivers of europe. build them in record time under enemy fire. build them into the heart of berlin and tokyo. ♪ ♪ robert brooks, colin di kelly, dory miller, 30 soldiers who no fear men. who would defend even unto the death the land of their birth. soldiers who believe in this great country. to the enemy, our country is something to destroy. our home, our right to worship god, our little belongings, something to crash, to shackle, to plunder. o god, we thank you for this land. grant that we may be worthy of this heritage. enrich it for our children so that government of the people, by the people, and for the people shall not perish from this earth. (music) ["onward >> christian soldiers"] (music) (music) (music) >> on lectures in history, university of minnesota professor sage matthew teaches a class about neutrality and what that concept meant in world war i america. she explains how neutrality did

south pacific and i don't know what contemporary dance is they've never seen it yet they criticize and they say the few madonnas are prostitutes before non housewives no one wants to marry us and no families are willing to accept us in our society accepted or. the e.u. still southernmost a cobra a risk at all she left her fiance because he couldn't accept to work as a dancer. the single mother earns a living by performing internationally. no no she is slowly also receiving recognition at how the easy. to. define. it was already the show. that helped me to convince my family now they support me that's why i say to all women it's possible with the will. leave. the choreographic developments and to let. the termite mound is a hive of activity in. the. project which puts women center stage is also based here. created by the directors of the company. it profiles the work of female dancers and choreographers. to touch the audience questions. to question what is right in our society. improvise in front of a symbolic backdrop the rundown formative. is a relic of $980.00. when the country saw m

south pacific and i don't know what contemporary dance is they've never seen it yet they criticize it they say the female dancers are prostitutes before not housewives no one wants to marry us and no families are willing to accept us in our society accepted by. the way still southernmost akubra a risk at all she left her fiance because he couldn't accept to work as a dancer. the single mother owns a living by performing internationally. the no she slowly. also receiving recognition and. it was really the show. that helped me to convince my family girls who speak out now they support me that's why i say to all women it's possible with the will. of the choreographic development center let me t.f. all the termite mound is a hive of activity and looking at. the under small firm enough project which puts women center stage is also based here. created by the directors of the company. it profiles the work of female dances and choreography. to talk to the audience to ask questions. to question what is a right to our society. improvise in front of a symbolic backdrop of the rundown formative.

fields, docks, bridges, and roads must be built our troops must fill them through the swamps of the south pacific the far north, over the mountains of india, and across the rivers of europe, build them in record time and under enemy fire. build them right into the heart of berlin and tokyo. ♪ >> robert brooks, colin kelly, dory miller, soldiers who knew no fear, men who would defend even into death the land, soldiers who believed in this great country. to the enemy our country is something to destroy. our homes, our right to worship god, our little belongings, something to crush, to shackle, to plunder. oh, god, we thank you for this land which our fathers have helped to build grant that we may with your help be worthy of this heritage, and in our turn and for our children so that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from this earth. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> every saturday night american history tv takes you to college classrooms around the country for lectures in history. >> why do you all know who lizzy borden is, and raise your hand if you had ever heard of this murder, t

we're always on the lookout for delicious snacks on latest discovery comes from the south pacific. in the solomon islands most food comes straight from the sea or the land the main way of getting to and from the smaller islands is by boat so even locally is essential that means lots of fresh fish coconuts. and hear a litany it also means mine grow beans. they grow everywhere and they form the basis of a popular snack on the island. that's what. was cooking up for her sister's home state business. they're there and they can. call our show. how we collect man grew up in is that we piled on the board and then we'd go to the mugger and collected on the mob and after you would be the big and the coupon. kid did like the issue until. then and question again. this is about from the place that we want to go. she squeezes the pulp by hand changing the water 3 times until it loses its color squeezing the. flesh are but this and i will dance 5 through another dish ready for our school. she boys in for 10 minutes before it's time to add the other ingredients they include coconut onions and cho

our troops must build them through the swamps of the south pacific. the snows of the far north.of india and across the rivers of europe. build them in record time and under enemy fire. build them right into the heart of berlin and tokyo. >> robert brooks. colin kelly. meyer levine. dory miller. soldiers who knew no fear. men who would defend even unto death the land of their burden. soldiers who believed in this great country. to the enemy, our country is something to destroy. our homes, our right to worship god. our little belongings, something to crush, to shackle, to plunder. oh, god, we thank you for this land which our fathers have helped to build. grant that we may, with your help be worthy of this heritage. and in our turn, enrich it for our children. so that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from this earth. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> last summer, purdue university in lafayette, indiana, hosted a conference called remaking american political history. tonight on american history tv, beginning at 8:00 eastern, a night of programs from this gatheri

we had them in the south pacific, and that is really the focal point, to convey the sacrifice.hat's the important part. they are an interesting backdrop to the whole story. we use them to help convey the story to the public. the sherman tank was one of the two most prolific tanks for the war. the sherman series, there were over 49,000 of these tanks manufactured during the second world war. this series of tanks was used by everyone of the allied nations during the second world war, including england, the soviet union, and even the nationalist chinese received german tanks. -- received sherman tanks. it was a vehicle that had a strategic effect on the war because of the numbers that were out there. this tank was infamously reliable. it had an operational readiness rate of 94%. in other words, it was ready 94% of the time, as opposed to some of the german tanks which rates usually hovered around 50% or 60%. this one was very reliable. it has the earlier suspension system. the shock absorbers are mounted vertically. the later suspension system was the horizontal volume springs sus

pulls at the rigger is going through i know that's important point and my uncle fought in the south pacific in world war 2 and did never recovered he was wounded both physically and psychologically came home to a small town in maine and drank himself to death. we didn't know the term p.t.s.d. at the time i want to talk about the kind of existential crisis that veterans go through because. you know especially in elite combat units you often find very idealistic young men and women who believe that you know they're going over to a place like iraq and afghanistan to help that they are bringing liberty and democracy they believe all of the lies they are told by the government and church on hollywood that we are a virtuous people etc and they get run right into a reality that is very disquieting and one that the wider public back home just refuses to recognize that we in fact can perpetuate evil as ruthlessly as terrorist groups like al qaida. you know people in iraq and afghanistan don't want us there the military itself which is kind of deified in american society is. like any totalitarian hie

my father was in the south pacific. on your research, i wanted to know what the role was of the , how much onan your research have you done on them, if any and what was their role during the war? thank. guest: thanks for the call and thanks to your dad. american indians were important. they had a tradition of being warriors. that was critical when you are trying to put together an army. wereu mentioned, there code talkers and they had their own language and it was assumed correctly that if a navajo talking to another navajo on the radio, that even if the japanese, and we are talking about the civic theater in this case, could eavesdrop and hear that conversation, which they could, they would not have been able to decode it because very few japanese spoke navajo. the code talkers were important for operational security. i think there was also a sense with native americans as part of the force that it really was a comprehensive american force in the same way that we wanted all ethnicities to be represented by 1945. it is

anecdote about what happened to half a dozen tongan teenagers, living in a remote island on the south pacificat they did not like. they climbed into a boat, took off into the pacific ocean. found themselves in a storm, shipwrecked, and then on a deserted, very tiny island, where they proceeded to live for the next year and more, on their own, with no contact with the outside world and, far from any sort of lord of the flies scenario, where they ripped themselves apart, you say all the evidence suggests they lived cooperatively, they cared for each other and, when they were eventually discovered, they were in very good shape. it is a fascinating story but does it really tell us anything about the human condition? well, maybe not. it is obviously not a scientific experiment and that would be very hard, to drop lots of kids on islands and have control groups, etc, and then to judge and study how they behave. i am just saying that, if millions of people around the globe still have to read lord of the flies in school, and they often become quite pessimistic and cynical after reading it. i mean, i

my father was in the south pacific. on your research, i wanted to know what the role was of the american indian, how much on your research have you done on them, if any and what was their role during the war? thank. >> thanks for the call and thanks to your dad. american indians were important. they had a tradition of being warriors. that was critical when you are trying to put together an army. as you mentioned, there were code talkers and they had their own language and it was assumed correctly that if a navajo talking to another navajo on the radio, that even if the japanese, and we are talking about the civic theater in this case, could eavesdrop and hear that conversation, which they could, they would not have been able to decode it because very few japanese spoke navajo. the code talkers were important for operational security. i think there was also a sense with native americans as part of the force that it really was a comprehensive american force in the same way that we wanted all ethnicities to be represented

my father was in the south pacific and, in addition on your research, i just want you to know how much, what the role of the american indian and how much on your research have you've gone on them, and what was their role during the war. thank you very much. >> thank you for your call, thank you to your dad. the american indians were important. they were, first of all, they had the tradition of being warriors. that was critical when you're putting together an army. there were co-talk urged, and others who had their own language and it was assumed, correctly that if a navajo was talking, and even if the japanese could eavesdrop and hear that conversation, which they could, they were not going to be able to decode it, because very few japanese spoke navajo. so the code talkers were important for operational security, i think there was also a sense that, with american indians, with american indians, it was a comprehensive american force, in the same way that we wanted all ethnicities to be represented by 1945. it is a painful process getting there, to acknowledge that there is a rightful r

was a code father talker in the south pacific.n your research, i wanted thenow how much the role of american indian including the comanches, how much under research have you done on them if andy. what was their role during the war? thank you very much. , for thenk you, larry call and to your dad. american indians were important. first of all, they had a tradition of eating warriors which was critical when you were trying to put together an army. as you mentioned, there were code talkers, navajo and others that had their own language and it was assumed correctly that if a navajo was talking to another navajo on the radio, that even if the japanese, and we were talking about pacific the order in this case come a could eavesdrop and hear that conversation which they call it, they would not be able to decode it because very few japanese spoke navajo. so the code talkers were important for operational security. i think there was also a sense that with american indians, native americans as part of the force, that it really was a compreh

my father was in the south pacific.ition, i wanted to how much of the american indians, particularly the comanches and the hopis, how much of your research have you done on them, if any? what was their role during the war? >> thank you for the call. thanks to your dad. american indians were important. first of all, they had a tradition of being warriors. when you'retical trying to put together an army. language.heir own it was assumed that if a navajo was talking to another -- another navajo on the radio that even if the japanese could eavesdrop and hear that conversation, which they could, they would not be able to decode it because very few japanese spoke navajo. so the code talkers were important for operational security. there was also a sense that with part of theians as force that it was a comprehensive american force. we wanted all ethnicities to be -- byented by 1945 aired 1945. it is a painful process getting there, acknowledging there is a rightful role in combat units for black americans, that black americans

my father was an -- in the south pacific. in addition, on your research i wanted to know how much about the american indian and particularly the -- the comanches and the hopi, how much on your research have you done on them if any, what was the role during the war. thank you very much. >> thanks for your call. thanks for your dad. american indians were important and they were a tradition of being warriors and that is critical when you are trying to put together an army. as you mention there were code talkers, navajo and others who had their own language and it was assumed correctly that if a navajo was talking to another navajo on the radio, that even if the japanese that we are talking about the pacific theater in this case, could eavesdrop and hear that conversation which they could, they weren't going to be able to decode it because very few japanese spoke navajo so the code talkers were important for operational security. i think there was also a sense that with american indians and native americans as part of the force,

my father was in the south pacific.t is the role of the american indian, the sioux, the comanche and the hopi, how much research have you done on them if any, what was their role during the war. thanks very much. >> thanks for the call and to your dad. well the american indians were important, first of all they had a tradition of being warriors, that was critical when trying to put together an army. there were code-talkers, navajos and others who this their own language and was assumed correctly if a navajo was talking to another navajo on the radio, that even if the japanese, talking about the pacific theater in this case, could eavesdrop and hear that conversation, which they could, they weren't going to be able to decode it because very few japanese spoke navajo. so the code-talkers were important for operational security. i think there was also a sense that with american indians, senative americans native machineries as. nate itch american -- native americans were a comprehensive force. we wanted all ethnicities to

he served in the south pacific, and that was tough.e was an artillery technician during world war ii. after the war he came home to massachusetts, married the love of his life, mary sullivan. they were together for 65 years. they had three children, nine grandchildren and four great grandchildren. james was known as the consummate gentleman. he was an avid red sox fan but loved even more to see his own kids and grandkids play sports as they were growing up. he was always proud of his family, encouraging in a lot of different ways. he was known to give a spirited way to go pal when anyone in the family accomplished something. when anyone asked how he was doing, his usual reply was, never had a bad day. james sullivan was 99 years old. we remember them all and all the veterans we've lost to coronavirus and any family impacted by this pandemic. we'll be back in a moment. these days, it's anything but business as usual. that's why working together is more important than ever. at&t is committed to keeping you connected. so you can keep your

he eventually secured a navy commission in the south pacific, but he didn't see any combat. that was to his regret, because people like john f. kennedy became a war heroes and he did not. he returned to california after the war. won a close battle for congress for the house of representatives in 1946, where he gained national prominence as a tough congressman who supported the house committee on un-american activities, which i'm sure you have read about, investigating alleged disloyalty and subversive misconduct by those suspected of having communist ties. after two terms, he won a seat in the u.s. senate, then became dwight eisenhower's vp, lost the battle for presidency against john f. kennedy in 1960, ran for governor of california and lost, moved to new york city to practice law, and jumped back into the political arena in 1968. he called it the great game, and he beat democrat hubert humphrey in a tight election that year. as you can see, nixon was almost pugilistic as a president. he viewed himself as someone who needed to fight to stay on top. he battled constantly wi

now there's concern in south korea about the relaxing after on a virus restorations after 14 your case is reported mostly in seoul some countries in the asia pacific including south korea and looking to start travelling again rob mcbride has. been shown international airport south korea's gateway to the world practically deserted the aviation industry here is decimated as it is globally with predictions of a slow recovery. earlier we thought the industry would recover 80 to 90 percent by the end of the year but now we expect 50 to 60 percent and even next year the global market still won't be fully recovered the parts of the world emerging 1st from the virus are likely to see their line businesses pick up quickest a number of countries in asia pacific south korea among them have won international praise for the way they've tackled the pandemic they have had to pay a high economic price for tough travel restrictions but the fact they're now being eased is widely seen as a reward for that effort so-called travel bubbles allowing free a movement between neighboring states that have the virus under control will help the process new zealand and austral

but it's critical for this entire region of the south- central pacific ocean. within american samoa, over 90% of the seabirds nest here on rose island. 16 acres, 90% of the birds. >> reporter: and, every visit, there are the tracks that peck follows from the water's edge a few yards into the vegetation, here another female green turtleas returned to lay her eggs. >> this turtle went up. i think there's a turtle up there! >> reporter: this one, surprisingly, before the sun's gone down. peck's process kicks in: painting a nail-polish name-tag on her shell, measuring her size and making sure she has a flipper tag to track her migratory pattern. >> this is the first time i've seen a turtle come up during the daylight, in the evening time. >> reporter: these turtles usually cover about 1,000 miles and several years before they return to rose to nest again. undisturbed, like the birds above. >> it's a great habitat. it's protected. the seabirds are nesting, the sea turtles are nestg, so, you know, the species are doing their thing. no humans that live here. there's n

station and dragon flying together, two hundred 67 miles over the south pacific. this is the view from the camera at the foreign end of the dragon. >> until dragon hatch open and the a pass hatch was just opened. central, the hatch to the international docking depth -- chris cassidy poking his head in at the camera at the forward end of the dragon. dougone hatch separating and bob from chris who you are seeing here. to open thattime hatch is about 20 minutes from now. time to yourt that and expect to do a welcome ceremony at 12:15 a.m. central time. eastern. and they welcome to bob and doug aboard the international space station as part of the expedition crew. we will get to hear from words from them and have vips here at mission control houston to provide words to the teams who oversaw the entire mission and the crew aboard the international space station. we copied theston hatch open, no condensation. thanks. >> dragon spacex on dragon to ground, calm check. >> dragon to ground, how us. >> a little choppy, how me? you are loud and clear. two up for section decim

virus are likely to see their airline businesses pick up quickest a number of countries in asia pacific south korea among them have won international praise for the way they've tackled the pandemic they've had to pay a high economic price for tough travel restrictions but the fact they're now being eased is widely seen as a reward for that effort so-called travel bubbles allowing free a movement between neighboring states that have the virus under control will help the process new zealand and australia are considering establishing one so we stand to benefit from getting travel up and running again hong kong the cow in mainland china could follow while a fast track system for business travelers has been established between south korea and china so they can bypass quarantine. in accordance with the agreement they're issued a with a quarantine waiver if they get tested at the airport and go under active. one of south korea's most prominent business people the samsung j.y. li recently visited one of his company's plants in china easier travel is seen as important for economic recovery. with 90. p