reporter: being driven from their homeland in south sudan out of sheer hunger. this farmer and his family are forced to flee north to neighboring sudan as the home country seeks deeper into a famine. he is among tens of thousands leaving because of drought and a lack of food.+ >> i am leaving with anger and sadness because hunger is forcing me to leave my homeland. your homeland is your homeland for that there was something to eat, i would not even think of leaving. reporter: these children are suffering from malnutrition. there is hope the peace process will mean security for the south sudanese people, but it has left most of the field uncultivated in the fighting continues. for now, people are urgently relying on a distribution. >> we are feeling the pinch of the bad weather conditions. we are feeling the pinch of the economic collapse in the country, which means they don't have enough money to buy food in the market and when they find food in the market or anything they do need, it is so expensive. reporter: many parts of south sudan become inaccessible in the

we are talking about afghanistan to iraq, to the balkans and to south sudan in africa. germany's defense minister wants to add another 14,000 soldiers and 4000 civilian personnel. not everyone here has welcomed the plans. reporter: the defense minister visited nato maneuvers in poland . new challenges in eastern europe enhancing deterrence for russia are one reason. it's no longer feasible to limit the number of soldiers to 185,000. the message to the troops is clear -- a quarter century of reductions is over and it's now time for them to grow again. another reason is five new overseas missions have stretched the forces to their limits. the minister says she needs 14,000 more troops. the opposition green party thinks she's taking the wrong approach. >> she wants to beef up the army. the security challenges cannot be met with more tanks. they can, perhaps the met by new soldiers with specialist skills. the army is seeking hackers and computer experts to hold up its capacity and bring them on board, it might even lower health and that this requirement. brent: i am joined

i was recently in south sudan, there are 200,000 people today living in these camps that largely all their lives to the fact that we have peacekeepers from around the world regarding these camps, trying to do their best to protect the people inside who would otherwise be killed by other elements within the country. it is very complex, i do not think there is a culture where they don't want to protect the people they're supposed to protect. i think this is a case of individual soldiers doing wrong and they need to be punished for it. >> let me ask you this based on what you just said. are we, today in this hearing getting an unbalanced view of this issue? >> no. i do nothing not think so at all. i think what is happened in car and what is happening mali and what is happened from sexual exportation abuse and other countries is absolutely horrific. it gives the entire concept of peace keeping a bad name. this hearing needed to occur, it needs to occur a year from now two years from now. this is not going to be fixed overnight. we need to meet make sure there is bilateral multilateral pr

also many of them cannot return to warring south sudan in the midst of what has been a very brutal civil since december 2013. they are saying they have no alternative. where will these people go? kenya is calling for international aid for these refugees but not presenting any solution what can be done. >> i want to break that down just a bit. when it comes to the refugee camps, you either go there, choose to go there, you are taken there or you are born there. any indication what would happen to these people? >> hugely confusing. george, for the people who are born in these refugee camps and i remember when i visited dadaab refugee camp some years ago, one of the people we were working with was a translator who was born there and he was in his mid 20s. he was born there and only lived there. what status is he? is he a somali? he wasn't not technically born in kenya. he couldn't seek a normal life. for some of them it's far too dangerous to be repay tree yated to somalia. there's a repatriation program. it's tiny fraction of those who have aagreed to go back. most of them have said they d

it's put pressured on countries like kenya, south sudan, even sudan and ethiopia. we're seeing pressures are increasing local precious. in the sahal, we have see similar things, the inability to have accessible land has people moving to urban centers, and we're seeing increased radicalization there as well. >> senator rubio. >> thank you very much. let me just begin. this is a question of ms. secretary greenfield. would you describe boko haram as an anti-christian terror group, whose main motivation is -- and i say that based on a video released by their laterers. this is a wear against christians democracy and that i constitution. >> i would say they're more than that. they're part of the ideology, but they have killed more muslims in the north than they have killed christians. they are a terrorist organization and have no boundaries. >>> would you support nigeria as a country of particular concern for religious freedom? >> i would not designate nigeria as a country, because we have huge, huge and very active christian populations in nigeria throughout the souther

the majority of the refugees were from eritrea, nigeria, somalia, and south sudan. under a european union plan enacted in april, all refugees arriving in greece are deported back to turkey, forcing people to attempt the more dangerous route between libya and italy. on monday, the photo of a german volunteer from the group sea-watch holding the body of a drowned child became the latest symbol of the migration crisis. sea-watch spokesman ruben neugebauer spoke out. >> it is always a difficult decision to publish such a picture, but in this specific case, we decided to send the picture out because of the greatness of the situation. we thought this material needed to be published. what we see here is the effect of european foreign policy. chadthe former dictator of hissene habre has been convicted and sentenced to life in prison. he is accused of killing as many as 40,000 people during his eight years in power in the 1980's. he was tried in a special african union-backed court established after a two decade long campaign led by his victims. this is the first time the le

he was from south sudan.is family came here for what many immigrants come here for, protection or a better life. he was shot by the toronto police. he was summit in who is living with -- somebody who was living with mental health issues. the police shot him within 60 seconds of arriving at his apartment complex. washat was something that deeply disturbing to our community and that we have been working with that family for the past couple of years to seek justice. directly before the occupation of toronto police headquarters was when we found out that the officer who killed andrew loku would not be charged. and there would be no justice there. amy: i want to turn to the case of jermaine carby killed by police during a traffic stop in september 2014. he was a passenger in the car. this week a coroner's inquiries -- inquestst reveals he had been subject to a street check, known as carding. this is carby's s cousin, la taa grgrant speakingng to a rerepor. when hefficer said finisheded with the driver, he d no rea

this includes most recently south sudan and the central african republic, and, of course, the decades long atrocities in the democratic republic of congo. all three of which have cost billions of dollars to mitigate through massive peacekeeping operations. while the world seeks ways to address the direct threat of emergent terrorist groups, we have had a chance and still do to improve the prospects for many countries in africa by leveraging long-term relationships and development. i am also concerned to our efforts to gain traction and de-stabilizing other countries we consider relatively stable now. i look forward hearing from our witnesses today, the lessons that they have drawn from the direct engagement in these regions, and hope to better understand what the underlying factors are that contribute to the terrorist threat in the region and what use efforts have been made to build a better responds across a whole of government and with partners and international community. without i will turn your distinguished ranking member, ben cardin. >> thank you very much for convening this te

there has also been a failure in south sudan, all over. and thethat is funding inability to realize the plans that we have got for individual and community support. for sustained engagement. at the humanitarian level. more could have been done. it crystallized -- it all crystallized recently, i am afraid. and i guess positively, to the extent that there is now -- a real focus on education. poorlow of so many refugees to europe struck a nerve, that still hurts. but it woke the continent. and one of the motivations for that, as i mentioned, besides despair and the cut off of food pushone of the positive factors was that we want to educate our kids. because so many of them are being left behind. in in asylum. and so now, there is that positive spin. we can only hope that resources will go in. we know that the host countries are prepared to support. as far as secondary and tertiary education and scholarships and the like, that from the days that unhcr was helping south refugee students in the 60's and 70's, that is always been a high per capit

it's put pressure on neighboring countries, such as kenya and south sudan, even sudan and ethiopia, and we're seeing that those pressures are increasing local tensions. in the sahel, we see very much the same story, recurrent drought and problems of the stability to have accessible land has caused people to move to urban centers. again, with the lack of opportunity with some of these centers, we're seeing increased radicalization as well. >> thank you. thank you. >> senator rubio. >> thank you very much. let me just begin, this is a question of ms. greenfield, secretary greenfield. would you describe boko haram as an anti-christian terrorist group whose main motivation is to rid the country of terrorism? in 2014, their leader said "this is a war against christians and their democracy and constitution. our law says we should finish them when we get them." >> i would say they're more than that. i think that is part of their ideology, but they've killed more muslims in the north than they have killed christians. they are a terrorist organization and they have no boundaries. >> would you su

there's also been a fail wrure south sudan and central africa. all over. partly that's funding an inability to realize the plans that we've got for individual support, for community support, for sustained engagement at the humanitarian level. so, yeah, more could have been done. it crystalized -- it all crystalized raeecently, i'm afraid, and i guess positively to the extent that there's now, as simon mentioned, a real focus on education. the flow of so many poor refugees to europe struck a nerve that still hurts. but it woke the continent. and one of the motivations for that, as i mentioned, besides despair and the cutoff of food aid, one of the push factors, positive push factors, was we want to educate our kids because so many of them are being left behind in asylum. so now there is that positive spin. we can only hope that resources will go in. we know that the host countries are prepared to support it. as far as secondary and tertiary education and scholarship opportunities and the like, from the days that unhcr was helping south african refugee stude

so, yes, there's been a failure, also been a failure in south sudan and realize the plans we've got for individual support for community support for sustained engagement at the humanitarian level. more could have been done. it crystallized -- it all crystallized recently, i'm afraid. and i guess positively, to the extent that there's now as simon mentioned a real focus on education. the flow of so many poor refugees to europe struck a nerve that still hurts. but it woke the continent. one of the motivations for that as i mentioned besides despair and cutoff of food aid, one of the push factors, positive push factors was we want to educate our kids because so many are being left behind in asylum. now there is that positive spin. we can only hope that resources will go in. we know the host countries are prepared to support it. as far as secondary and tertiary scholarships and the like, from the days that unhcr was helping south african refugee students in the '60s and '70s, that's always been a high per capita investment, it makes a lot of sense. there are organizations, there are states

there's also been a failure in south sudan and all over. partly that's funding. an inability to realize the plans that we've got for individual support, for community support, for sustained engagement at the humanitarian level. so, yeah. more could have been done. it all crystalized recently i'm afraid. and i guess positively to the extent that there is now as simon mentioned a real focus on education. the flow of so many poor refugees to europe struck a erve that still hurts. but one of the motivations as i mentioned besides despair and the cut off of food aid one of the positive push factors was we want to educate our kids because so many of them are being left behind in asylum. so now there is that positive spin. we can only hope resources will go in. we know the host countries are prepared to support it. as far as secondary and tertiary education and scholarship opportunities and the like that, from the days that u.n.h.c.r. was helping south african refugee students in the 1960's and 1970's that's always been a very high per capita investment. it makes a lot

this includes most recently south sudan and the central african republic and, of course, the decades-long atrocities in the democratic republic of congo. all three of which have cost billions of dollars to mitigate through massive peacekeeping operations. while the world seeks ways to address the direct threat of emerging terrorist groups, we have had a chance and still do to improve the prospects for many countries in africa by leveraging long-term relationships and development. i'm also concerned that there are efforts to gain traction and destabilizing other countries we consider relatively stable now. i look forward to hearing from our witnesses today. the lessons that they have drawn from their direct engagement in these regions and i hope to better understand what the underlying factors are that contribute to the terrorist threat in the region and what u.s. efforts have been made to build a better response across the whole of government and with partners in the international community. with that, i'll turn to our distinguished ranking member, ben cardin. >> well, chairman corker, th

this includes most recently south sudan and the central african republic. and, of course, the decades-long atrocities in the democratic republic of congo. all three of which have cost billions of dollars to mitigate through massive peacekeeping operations. while the world seeks ways to address the direct threat of e emergent terrorist groups in reaction mode, we have had a chance and still do to improve the prospects for many countries in africa by leveraging long-term relationships and development. i'm also concerned that there are efforts to gain traction and destabilizing other countries we consider relatively stable now. i look forward to hearing from our witnesses today the lessons that they have drawn from their direct engagement in these regions, and i hope to better understand what the underlying factors are that contribute to the terrorist threat in the region and what u.s. efforts have been made to build a better response across the whole of government and with partners in the international community. with that, i'll turn to our distinguished rank

there has also been a failure in south sudan, all over., that is funding and the inability to realize the plans that we have got for individual and community support. for sustained engagement. at the humanitarian level. so, more could have been done. it crystallized -- it all crystallized recently, i am afraid. and i guess positively, to the extent that there is now -- a real focus on education. the flow of so many poor refugees to europe struck a nerve, that still hurts. but it woke the continent. and one of the motivations for that, as i mentioned, besides despair and the cut off of food aid, one of the positive push factors was that we want to educate our kids. because so many of them are being left behind. in in asylum. and so now, there is that positive spin. we can only hope that resources will go in. we know that the host countries are prepared to support. as far as secondary and tertiary education and scholarships and the like, that from the days that unhcr was helping south african refugee students in the 1960's and 1970's, that i