country director for the open society initiative in southern africa it's a foundation working for justice peace and democratic governments welcome to the african mix so a 30 year prison sentence for bosco. has justice been served. thank you so much and thank you for having me all 1st a holistic order to say that sentence. i think is a sign of this era condition of seriousness of crime committed nevertheless you know no sentence. for to satisfy our victim because we are in front of a very high criminal you know activity is committed by the individual injury but still this is a good points for victims a good. reason you know. in the direction of justice nic what is the legacy osseous crime i think the 1st thing under represents. did more than a decade of highly criminal activities not only in history but also involved. it is recognized that thousands of people lost their lives during that period in this area between 2002012 in addition to just cases of murdering people must murdering of people there is a lot of cases of addiction or it's our money cheats in indonesia as in the army and the

sees country director for the open society initiative in southern africa it's a foundation working for justice peace and democratic governance welcome to africa next so a 30 year prison sentence for bus cool. has justice been served. thank you so much and thank you for having me all 1st a holistic order to say that sentence. i think is a sign of this era condition of a serious myth of crime committed nevertheless center and. fully satisfied or victim because we increment of a very high criminal. activities committed by the individual injury but still this is a good points for a good. reason you know. in in the does the original justice nick what is the legacy. i think most fulfilling under represents. did more than a decade of highly criminal activities not all the history but also we know. so it is recognised that thousands of people lost their lives during that period in this area during 200-2012 in addition to just cases of murdering people must murdering of people there is a lot of cases of addiction or it's our money cheats in indonesia as in the army and disk is the longest is al

with more then a $60000.00 hack says it's the largest forest in southern africa. a very rare sight these speedy mail and fans might be the only one left of its kind in this 1000 case. these images were captured by special cameras set up by researchers. over the course of 15 months with i think cameras we had a span across the elephant range for this and the same elephant cow we think by yourself about a 140 different times times and it's our our conclusion was that it very unfortunately seems like this anyone if and lived. in the 19th centuries or used to be hundreds of free roaming elephants in the forest but years of logging hunting and culling have brought the numbers down authorities consider introducing more elephants into the end fenced area bringing in a small core bringing in time and bringing in small herd those all come with risks and benefits as well and all of those we will continue to do the respect the notice is worth as well as going through a broader stakeholder process where the public feel about their view about having our cell phones in their ba

the southern africa where elections in namibia are being seen as a huge test for the governing party scandals have eaten away at its popularity reports. namibia's ruling swapo party has been in power since 1990 when the country gained independence from south africa but this could be a tough election for president again god who's running for a 2nd term a corruption scandal involving the country's fishing industry could taint his party's image al-jazeera investigative unit and the anti secrecy wiki leaks and covered evidence of government officials accepting bribes or kickbacks from iceland's the biggest fishing firm in exchange for lucrative fishing rights the fisheries minister and justice minister has so far as i and the president was asked about the scandal shortly after voting. we will deal with corruption we declared war on corruption we have taken steps ostland was also do it corruption came from where you were coming to corrupt our people we will do with ours and you must deal with you. opposition parties what namibians implicated held to account popular cannot investigate itse

and it is the worst drought in decades how families across southern parts of africa are fighting just to keep their livestock alive. losing them on your hardest to destructive bacteria. this is a business africa on the top you welcome before we come to those acute problems facing farmers here is a rather alarming prediction the impact of climate change will make the world on the whole a poorer place in 2058 all together the global economy will be 3 percent smaller than baseline for costs says the study and worst hit africa that's according to a new study by the british business magazine the economist it's called more than 80 countries on their willingness and ability to confront climate change largely as a result of under-development and reliance on our accounts of the african continent will be exposed most seriously to the impact of global warming the pan african economy is forecast to contract by 4.7 percent other developing nations are strongly affected to the asia pacific region could see a drop of 2.6 percent of g.d.p. richer regions are most resilient of course the us and wester

for the last year, southern africa has been in the grip ofa southern africa has been in the grip of aought. the falls shouldn't be full right now, but nor shouldn't be full right now, but nor should they look like this. zambia's president recently tweeted a shot of this expensive rock, calling it a stark reminder of what climate change is doing. this man is the zimbabwean government's leading climate change research. he is co nsta ntly climate change research. he is constantly monitoring the falls. of course, the falls are seasonal? but something is happening, it seems, that goes beyond seasonal change. yes, you will find that the victoria falls, although it is seasonal, it peaks falls, although it is seasonal, it pea ks around march, falls, although it is seasonal, it peaks around march, from january to around march, where it is a peak of water falling through the falls. we find out that during the past recent yea rs, find out that during the past recent years, there has been a change in the amount of water that falls passed through the victoria falls, normally an average of around 2

cause the very last to free roaming elephants in southern africa its biggest. welcome to the program. there is a some of the students inside the besieged hong kong university campus are appealing to authorities to take a softer line most protesters had left for the technique university buildings by tuesday but all sorts of labels the remaining students rioters a term that carries a 10 year jail sentence the 3 day standoff is seeing the university campus become the focus of the island's pro-democracy movement which opposes beijing's growing influence. after days under siege some of the last protesters finally leave defeated exhausted and in some cases in need of medical care many cover their faces in the last attempt to avoid identification and punishment. but police are waiting for them. they have threatened to charge those who occupied the campus with rioting. with some demonstrators still barricaded inside the building that parents begged off to show compassion. they are terrified of the consequences if their children do not leave voluntarily. i haven't slept

and in zimbabwe in southern africa, serious drought is threatening both urban and rural life. bbc‘s stephen sackur has been there. when the zambezi river is in full flow, you can see why the explorer david livingstone called it "a view for the angels." but look at the falls now. this is what southern africa's prolonged drought means — the volume of water is down by two—thirds. here we are at this viewpoint. yes. it's called the horseshoe falls viewpoint, but there's no falls? yes, steve. the change in the low falls, they're becoming more frequent. who knows? maybe one year there will be no fall completely, no water. two hours north of victoria falls is hwange national park, a land dying of thirst. hwange has the largest concentration of elephants in all of africa. i don't know if you can see, but there's a group of elephants just over there. now, each elephant needs about 300 kilograms of food a day. in a drought like this, and you can see how dry it is, that means they're constantly on the move, in a desperate search for food. drought is a killer. 200 elephants have starved t

and in zimbabwe, in southern africa, serious drought is threatening urban and rural life.he bbc‘s stephen sackur has just been there. when the zambezi river is in full flow, you can see why the explorer david livingstone called it "a view for the angels." but look at the falls now. this is what southern africa's prolonged drought means. the volume of water is down by two thirds. here we are at this viewpoint. yes. it's called the horseshoe falls viewpoint, but there's no falls? yes, steve. the change in — the low falls, they're becoming more frequent. who knows — maybe one year there'll be no fall completely, no water. two hours north of victoria falls is hwange national park, a land dying of thirst. hwange has the largest concentration of elephants in all of africa. i don't know if you can see, but there's a group of elephants just over there. now, each elephant needs about 300 kg of food a day. in a drought like this, and you can see how dry it is, that means they're constantly on the move, in a desperate search for food. drought is a killer. 200 elephants have starved t

we are seeing not just i mean come at the moment we are seeing notjust in zimbabwe but across southern africafour countries are suffering from drought and extreme weather patterns. we fundamentally do believe that the effects of climate change have massive impacts on some of the poorest communities in the region of southern africa and zimbabwe in particular. but the problems with food provision date back to another era, because presumably there's a political dimension to this well. political elements and economic insecurity could also have these factors. and what we are seeing are issues of inequality and people struggle to make a living in zimbabwe and other countries. and it's exacerbating issues of climate change and making people more more vulnerable to hunger. stay with us on 0utside source — still to come. we'll have business — and chinese social media giant tik tok apologises — for banning a teenager critical of beijing. the metropolitan police has defended its decision not to investigate claims by the american woman, who says she had sex with prince andrew, when she was 17. virginia r

infections and that's alarming so it's a little bit of a mixed picture and not at least in eastern and southern africa new infections is actually going down by more than 25 percent if you compare to 2010 the same in western and central africa going down new infections but in the middle east and northern africa it's going up so it's a mixed picture thirdly i mean all together good news the numbers have sort of gone down about talk about ladies emotional. most women feel that the threat of each of you needs more than men why is that exactly so we spoke about condom use you know how easy is it some some people perhaps don't have sex because they like to have it we see increased rapes we see sexual violence and also that some. are using 6 just to be able to continue their lives we have a problem today that we have so much of it could inequalities and we have a lot of social injustice in the world and women and girls tends to be more vulnerable and we see that every year every we every globally in the world $6200.00 adolescent girls and young women becoming infected by hiv india 2008 it's too many and it's

potential for renewables just just what potential is there 1st of all because i know there's a lot of southern africa. there is a lot of sun and says lead is going to be a big potential for renewables that is africa is seen an energy translation right now so you're going to see a lot of talk to use for his renewables from east africa don't forget you have to to qana in kenya it's one of the largest the largest renewable energy project a continent is going to about $450.00 megawatts when that is done in nigeria you see new projects in south africa you seem things coming up and you've been looking at in senegal they have some really great potential but and a lot still needs to be done with technology and business actually it because of what to do for africa to play is basically young africans that really want to go. provide energy to so many that you don't have don't forget 650000000 africans. do not have any kind of power that is almost 2 thirds of the continent's population so this is big big growth in that area why are so many funds though being and still being poured into oil we are addicted to oil

the drug nations with the right growing climate know the potential for a booming market is high southern africa is leading the way in industrialised marianna production is ahead in acting reforms to enable exports of the drugs that are expected to start this year south africa. also handed out their 1st licenses for legal kind of us farms this year so experts expect commercial production of cannabis in africa to grow rapidly over the next few years for tish market research will provide. bishan populace as dumb as the value of africa may have come up as unrelated products could top $7000000000.00 us dollars with just 4 years. but our correspondent. is in cape town for us ellis could africa become the weave grow of the world but you can't battle it actually as you said the climate is ideal. and that means the situation out in the kayak is the situation i think will be key not. just a high cost act and it's an absolute seems to decide a couple of years. to cut the base metal am i right and leave the last sunday on meet. the new conditions and now this is. passing interest to me from canada from the

drug nations with the right growing climate know the potential for a booming market is high the southern africa is leading the way and industrialized marianna production this sort is ahead in acting reforms to enable exports of the drugs that are expected to start this year south africa. also handed out the 1st licenses for legal kind of us farms this year so experts expect commercial production of cannabis in africa to grow rapidly over the next few years british market research group prohibition partners as soon as the value of africa made cannabis and related products could top $7000000000.00 u.s. dollars within just 4 years. but our correspondent in cape town for us ellis it could africa become the wheat grow for the world. yes you said that the climate is i do not. mean the situation out in the kind of just to do it said it will be key not. just say hi there and solicit to decide a couple of years. to cultivate and medical and more and the city and boston. new conditions and now one more piece is. best in the soup to me from canada from the us and following are as you said south africa now

now to one of the major recurring issues affecting the african continent livestock farmers in southern africa are suffering at the hands of one of the worst droughts for 40 years is a severe dry period has left many of them struggling to keep their animals alive as lead the united nations to warn that more than 11000000 people facing crisis levels of food insecurity. the deadline these boys are carrying has just died of starvation endless drives hitting most of south africa especially the car of the eastern cape. many sheep i've already been lost after food and water simply run ads now the farmers have to share their own food with their livestock. but what about people but given that at the scene as they keep going it's all i can really give him because i don't have the money to buy the milk to feed them as they should be fed as we used to feed them in the past. 6 years or in speeches on this is the result of the drives that we struggle like this. once. postured in the open suffer most many farmers have lost most of their free range herds. are pretty far to sort of receive. so. they're also i

quality of those love it taking land from what from a and giving it to be is not a solution to southern africas the new quality the we can spend for you and me here discussing the economic history of the political you still sell them for but so that for days they cut that list and in a cup it was so sad to small groups of capital is whether they're black or white oh don't lend own means of production one percent of the english population own all the land in the. if you distribute to that land to the 70000000 english people you'll get a little garden. but will not be a solution to your agriculture right. and i wish we had more time but that is all we can do for say. thank you very much for coming on africa great to be and that is the amount. as always you can catch all our stories on our website and baseball think it's still next time it's i. i'm not going to think out of the gym well i guess sometimes i am but i stand up in which you. think stevens or german culture looking at the stereotype requests but if you think the future of the country that i don't. fear community prepared for this crim

it's a different story in southern africa when many parts of the region have been hit with a devastating drought in zimbabwe animals have been affected the most as the lack of rain dries up water holes and grazing areas more than $100.00 elephants have died in zimbabwe as wildlife reserves since september. a once majestic animal reduced to this. this and it was trying to get to an area known as the manor pools the water hole of the wildlife here in northern. instead it got stuck in the drying mud and later died of exhaustion. severe drought has turned the clay soil here into a death trap park officer. says he prays every morning for rain but it simply doesn't come. in this. water source is all but dried up here and animals can't find enough food either. thirty's say they've been forced to abandon their usual policy of nonintervention. we've come up with the food was totaled no we are similar to supplement the feeding off and was due to flood plain because if wooed which used to be there is a kosher pause. to because for free in the city and when did in this country. afford losing for ani

africa is now is in a forest the forest with its $60500.00 hectic is the largest forest complex in southern africa. oh very rare sight this female elephantine might be the only one left of its kind in this 1000 k. . these images were captured by special cameras set up by researchers. over the course of all 15 months with i think cameras we had a span across the elephant range we saw this innocent the same indifferent cow we think by itself about a $114.00 different times times and dates so our our our conclusion was that. it very unfortunately seems like there's anyone a different life. in the 19th centuries i used to be hundreds of free roaming elephants in the forest but years of logging hunting and culling have brought the numbers down authorities consider introducing more elephants into the end fenced area. bringing in a very small call bringing into an elephant bringing in a small herd those all come with risks and benefits as well and one of those who will continue to do that has been at the nih this is worth as well as going through a broad as they call the process of what the public feel a

well the fate of the 200 to go red just really to go but is in southern africa so the liberty to votefor it one of those 2 of those 200 political party doesn't it's upon that there is that that there is no real credible opposition i mean just recently in south africa they've been issues with the main opposition party elements of racism senior black think is leaving the posse it's insinuating that racism was behind all of that doesn't it just goes to show that in as much as we criticize the liberation movements they already little else it is for people to choose from the i don't think that's correct if you look for example it's zimbabwe or them via let me give you a better example of zombie of the opposition party movement for multiparty democracy was. in zambia mainly by the trade unions but by other players it won an open election and it defeated the long 7 policeman and so it's not correct to say they have no opposition to the enough because i must interrupt you because there's one thing i want to i want to get at we still talk about africa be one of the world's most unequal societi

have lost them for so long, the intensity and their fires taking place in california, across southern africahey said that the key to this, whether works or not is what we do in our cities. and that is going to be interesting. let us turn to the guardian and it is the nhs that they are leading on. you'll make this a clear move to get off of brexit and onto public services if they can get a general election in public services, there is a plan here for £26 billion rescue for the nhs and this is interesting because her back into the numbers game to which the public recognises numbers like £26 billion as opposed to something that the tories and of the parties might offer and ultimately, all the evidences that glasgow university says as well that sadly, the public don't really expect the politicians to keep their promises, they're not usually surprised and we are in an election cycle where it is all about these big numbers, these big promises were people really want to see is more promises were people really want to see is more one—to—one promises were people really want to see is more one—to—one

that's taking place not in southern africa but south america and the united states. finally the thing that is highly aspirational but there's a lot of elegant science going on is assuming that an assumption broadly t inducing antibodies. it makes a lot of them but only after person him or herself as have the virus for two years or longer. the antibodies have done something for a vaccine for dave identified a least six or seven neutralizing episodes namely that protein component that the antibody binds to. now the challenge is to take those neutralizing epitopes put them in the form of an immunogen and a lot of studies are going on right now. what about a vaccine? how good is good enough? it told the 31% is not good enough. i don't think there's a chance in the world we are going to get a 90 8% in the fifth hiv vaccine like we have for the measles but i will settle for 50 to 60% effective vaccines together with preventive modalities. in fact galvani data model and should get a 50% ethic vaccine you could dramatically affect it. we have an enormous fully effective tool

. >> we went to a river that runs through several countries in southern africa.southern africa because it is one of the most vulnerable places in terms of basically people and governments do not have the money to spend in mitigation. we looked at in this river, the zambezi, which starts in zambia and it winds down to mozambique. in the north, the problem has been drought. and in the south, there have been two floods and cyclones. it is basically the story of wacky weather and how it plays out for these communities along the river. carol: these are important and global issues and you tackle it so well in the magazine. thank you so much. economics editor christina lindblad overseeing the economic and really this issue this week. keep in mind, in late november, bloomberg will host the second annual new economy form in beijing. it was established by mike bloomberg. brown.here is andy he is the editorial director of bloomberg's new economy form. the big narrative behind the new economy forum is the reality of a global economy in the throes of profound wrenching and hi

boost that isn't in southern africa and south america and the united states. to be highly aspirational and the assumption being with the antibodies that we need to induce. it makes a lot of them only after a person but only if they had the virus two years or longer. and with those neutralizing episodes for what they enter boat - - with a combined two so the challenge put some in the form of the interview jetton and a lot of studies are going on right now so what about a vaccine cracks clarity told you 31 percent is not good enough i don't think there is a chance of the world would ever get a 98 percent hiv vaccine like for mesial but i would settle 50 or 60 percent together with the non- printable modalities and there was a model that shows the other 50 percent even if you did status quo and nothing else you could dramatically impact. 's on my last slide is that we have an enormously to maximally utilize them and to implement them in with new treatment modalities and the game changing. and in baltimore in the united states and globally. [applause] >> antes ext

again in southern africa and south america, even the united states people would rather have an injection or an infusion then taking a pill every single day. finally the issue of vaccine. were talking about ending the epidemic and i think we could do before we get a vaccine. if we want a durable and to the epidemic i think will have a vaccine together with the things i have been speaking about. very quickly there are two major pathways, the first was to test a number of vaccines. we did that without success for a number of years and then in 2009 we had a hit, the hit was a crime in a protein boost in the study 144 which give us 31% to c. . . . >> this is very much a mimic the proteins boost now with and agitate so that we took a little further with a study of two years ago this month to go to the trial and that vector had the protein boost and then the third one that was started a couple months ago is the mosaic oh trial that adds the boost that isn't in southern africa and south america and the united states. to be highly aspirational and the assumption being with the antibodies that we

this is what southern africa's prolonged drought means, the volume of water is down by two here we are at thipoint. it is called the horseshoe falls viewpoint. but there iso falls. >> yes, the change -- the low falls, they are becoming more frequent. who knows community in oneer yer will be no fall, no water. stephen: two hours north is the national park, a land dying of thirst. it has the largest conceration of elephants in all of africa. i don't know if you can see, but there is a group of elephaers just over each elephant needs 300 a drought like thi can see how dry it is -- that means they are constantly on the move in a desperate search for food.t dr a killer. 200 elhants have starved to death in the last two months. solar pumps stop waterholes drying out, but in drought conditions, the elephant population here isst unnable. >> trees are destroyed. those are the issues. stephen: beyond the park boundary, subsistence faliers are stru to survive in a land dry as dust. climatchange is intensifying conflict between humans and wildlife. trampled to death trying to defend their fields f

the opposition in the media is not united that other former liberation movements in southern africa still enjoy support from the black majority many see it as a party that for now represents black interests but some political analysts predict the result could be close and the military says it is on high alert in case there is post-election violence. or al-jazeera. much more ahead on this news hour britain's main opposition party accuses the government of putting the health system up for sale bangladesh tax sentences more on a course decision depends 7 people over one of south asia's west attacks and in school to another day and now to russia say turkey arabian gulf coast saudi arabia are beaten by calling. hello that we have still got some pretty good case skies across southern portions of china there's a fair amount of cloud around certainly to the higher levels and has been keeping shanghai a little bit cool in tragedy of the last few days 10 celsius should be mostly dry 23 in hong kong very strong will flow we've got quite a lot of rain across areas all that heavy to more central areas