from where we are today to where we were at 9/11, when a high of -- we now have insurgencies in southern thailandwe have a serious problem in both yemen and somalia, and a strong contingency in the north caucasus, the russian federation. all had been on their deathbed or a state of near defeat. al qaeda does not command any of those. but it is the influence of what bin laden and others have done over the past 15 years. host: why have those insurgencies' grown since 9/11? guest: the appeal of religion in the islamic world is very strong. bin laden, if he has a genius, it is his ability to focus people on the influence of the west on the muslim world. we're very active in helping the filipinos fight their islamic insurgency, and very active in yemen. we tried to take out the government in somalia. part of the reason is our reactions, part of it is backed bin laden has been a very effective leader in the muslim world. host: is bin laden still alive in some form? guest: yes, in their culture and religion they would tell us he is dead because there would be mourning his death, but celebrating the fact