the sow yet defeat -- soviet defeat in afghanistan and the collapse of the soviet union filled the islamic right wither fervor. while the united states could walk away from vietnam, bruised but with its world status unaffected, the same could not be said for afghanistan and pakistan where the united states has long-term interests in oil and gas pipelines, long-term strategies for dealing with russia, iran and india and preventing the renal from once again -- the region from once again becoming base for al-qaeda terrorism. so what does the united states do now that it's faced with an irreconcilable contradiction, where its use of force actually undermines the security it was meant to insure? the significance of this moment in time is not lost on the rers o the world -- on the rest of the world as eded by protesters demanding democracy and representation. u.s. military thinkers are more than aware of the crossover in global consciousness as well as their own growing powerlessness in the face of it. in the cfr's speech on may 14, 2001, president jimmy carter's national security adviser, trila

follows the same line along which soviet frontier posts were once deployed. it was they who bore the brunt of the nazi invasion for several days small arms were the only weapons the border guards can nevertheless they held up the advance of german troops and tanks for some time and they billing the fortress garrison to organize. yes and come on the german command allowed thirty minutes for the destruction of the frontier posts but some held out from one to seven days proposing one attack after another. these pillboxes on the border were built shortly before the war but they were never used supplies and ammunition for the machine guns had been scheduled to arrive the day after the next invasion of soviet territory. was in command of one of the pill boxes he was officer on duty the day before the start of the war this picture shows or so i would encourage his friend nikolai a fellow servicemen returning from a night of dancing in breastplate on june twenty first nikolai broke the news to her. brother near. i have something terrible to tell you. charles thoughts

from across the soviet union at that time armenia was part of it. the powerful earthquake affected all of armenia's northern areas as well as. the scale of the disaster only became apparent after several days just a handful of people had survived under the rubble the earthquake has claimed twenty five thousand lives. such as the video when the smoke cleared away three or four hours after the earthquake became clear the town had been razed to the ground where they'd begin arriving towards leaving because there were no rooms for. some of the aid came from numerous diasporas in foreign countries. this footage shows charles doesn't avoid a french saying it of armenian origin after a visit to devastated st tak he vowed to do his best to help armenia. so much that i was really shocked by what i saw in streetcar. i couldn't even manage in their polling scale of that disaster. because so many people were killed here look at. the french scene and set up a fund for the earthquake struck country the money was used to restore thousands of houses in spits hakon

a german plan to seize soviet territory was ready in december nineteen fourteen but most of the soviet leaders as soon that hitler would target britain first before unleashing any attack on the soviet. brought it. stalin was already aware of the body plan by february not in forty one the problem was that the germans regularly postpone the invasion. initially was i proven my fifteen main while stalin was disbelief trying to delay war until autumn with. the. rest fortress where the first assault was launched actually consisted of several forts situated on islands around the main fortification in the the eastern seaboard offered the most stubborn resistance. most of the fortress defenders still expected reinforcements down to the end they did know they were already well behind enemy lines germans has seized the town of brest within hours. abreast residents lived under occupation for nearly three years when the germans came she was told that she was now an on demand a second rate person. there's a toilet that really even public tell this in hospitals could not be used but everybody johns h

scores of german and soviet soldiers died here. the time has come for mutual forgiveness. we must live in peace. it's not always to forget the constant it must not be forgotten. we might forgive. children now play and best fortress where military hardware dating back to the one nine hundred forty s. is on display they knew about that war only from books and films. on holidays veterans told tourists about the war or. any coven other survivors of the first battles in the fortress regard these rooms as the cornerstone of their faith in the ultimate victory over fashions troops could make of it his comrades lived to see that victory in one thousand nine hundred five nearly four years after those tragic events in breast fortress. wealthy british style. market finance come to. find out what's really happening to the global economy with max concert for a no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune into all kinds of reports on our feet.

on the soviet. one but a. stalin was already aware of the plan by february not in forty one the problem was that the germans regularly postponed the invasion initially was i proved in my fifteen meanwhile stalin was desperately trying to delay it war until autumn with. breast fortress where the first assault was launched actually consisted of several forts situated on islands around the main fortification in the the eastern seaboard offered the most stubborn resistance. most of the fortress defenders still expected reinforcements down to the end they did know they were already well behind enemy lines germans has seized the town of brest within hours. abreast residents lived under occupation for nearly three years when the germans came she was told that she was now and untermensch a second person. that. even public tell this in hospitals could not be used by everybody johns had decent food the obvious we're not so lucky. to see if they don't name every way you could see a sign saying. it's only oh i

the german plan to seize soviet territory. but most of the soviet leaders. would target britain first before unleashing any attack on the soviet. february. the germans. initially was. trying to kill. where the first assault was launched actually consisted of several. of the most resistance. defenders still expected reinforcements to the end they did know they were already well behind enemy lines germans has seized the town of brest within hours. abreast residents lived under occupation for nearly three years when the germans came she was told she was not. a second person. that. even public to listen hospitals could not be used by everybody johns had decent food we're not so lucky. if they don't name every way you could see a sign saying. only oh i. know and. already during the first days of the war many people in breast and its environs started sneaking out of town. in the forests they formed groups of guerrilla warfare. learn new skills those. here in the forest in june one thousand nine hundred. children and women. and if all of us lived here and all of us

scores of german and soviet soldiers died here. the time has come for mutual forgiveness. that we must live in peace. it's not always to forget the cost it must not be forgotten. because we might forgive. children now play in best fortress where military hardware dating back to the one nine hundred forty s. is on display they knew about that war only from books and films. on holidays veterans told tourists about the war theater could see any coven other survivors of the first battles in the fortress regard these rooms as the cornerstone of their faith and the ultimate victory over fascist troops attorney covet his comrades lived to see that victory in one thousand nine hundred five nearly four years after those tragic events and rest fortress. all. in taiwan multis available in the mantis typee hotel near him ogaden typee the how it pulls a hotel tonight be sure sometimes the hotel hotel one shall his the groom photo the show would hotel some will do misty type the hotel kuvasz photo photo from the hotel the resort evergreen the hotel typee friend victoria hotel gloria pri

what motivated there's decision to invade the soviet union seventy years ago and what helped the soviet troops win the war. today marks the seventieth anniversary of the start of operation barbarossa hitler's code name for germany's invasion all to save the union it became the largest ever military operation both in terms of sheer resources deployed and also in casualties and michael jones's new book tells the story of the red zone major in the second world war dr james thank you for talking to our see today let's start from the beginning of operation barbarossa why did decide to invade the look always wanted to invade the soviet union the reason he gave out was that the soviet union would actually attack germany i think the evidence for that in nineteen forty one flights underneath that justification to his military were two main factors the first was hitler's hatred of communism bolshevism and that was what he really put out to europe that it was a crusade against bolshevism bolshevism was a menace that needed to be destroyed but underneath the real truth about this war was race hatre

the reason why we're doing this we're doing our series here on cross talk on the collapse of the soviet union twenty years ago and twenty years ago on june twelfth one thousand anyone else who came the first popularly elected president of the russian soviet federated socialist republic would basically the beginning of the demise of the soviet union that would follow her in the year dimitri bondage let's look at that time twenty years ago and how the soviet union unraveled how much was yeltsin involved with that unraveling of the soviet union people talk a lot about going to much of what about yeltsin at this time but i think there are two parallel process that's going on which should not be mixed up there was the process of democratization and i think it was yeltsin starro for the first time in russian history and man came to power while honest election against the will of the government that was an achievement i asked for the collapse of the soviet union it

to look always wanted to invade the soviet union the reason he gave out was that the soviet union would actually attack germany i think the evidence for that in nineteen forty one slight underneath that justification to his military were two main factors the first was hitler's hatred of communism of bolshevism and that was what he really put out to your that it was a crusade against bolshevism bolshevism was a man that needed to be destroyed but underneath the real truth about this war was race hatred and if one reads my hitler's book it's clear that he always wanted to carve out a living space. and do so expansive the people he regarded as racially inferior and when he announced operation barbarossa he told his staff that it was a war of annihilation didn't he he he thought in terms of a war of survival. it was going to be the survival of the fittest and it didn't take einstein to realize the consequences and thought that there would be horrific losses. and that was and. how unexpected was the invasion i mean hitler and stalin had signs the molotov ribbentrop pact making them allies on

soviet. one but a. and was already aware of the. february. the problem was that the germans regularly postponed the. initially was. trying to kill. where the first assault was launched actually consisted of several. islands around. the eastern seaboard offered the most resistance. most of the fortress defenders still expected reinforcements down to the end they did know they were already well behind enemy lines germans has seized the town of brest within hours. abreast residents lived under occupation for nearly three years when the germans came she was told she was not. a second rate person. that. even public tell this in hospitals could not be used by everybody johns had decent food this were not so lucky. if they don't name every way you could see signs saying. only oh. no and it's already during the first days of the war many people in breast and its environs started sneaking out of town. in the forests they form groups of guerrilla warfare. learn new skills those of a machine gun are her

soviet. all of the fortresses gates were continuously under and machine gunfire they were also blocked by attacking enemy troops as a result fewer than half of the men who were here on june twenty second were able to leave the fortress and protect the border. on. the german plan to seize soviet territory. but most of the soviet leaders as hitler would target britain first before unleashing any attack on the soviet. one but a. and was already aware of the. problem with the germans. initially was. trying to kill. where the first assault was launched actually consisted of several. of the most resistance. most of the fortress defenders still expected reinforcements to the end they didn't know they were already well behind enemy lines germans has seized the town of brest within hours. abreast resident lived under occupation for nearly three years when the germans came she was told she was not. a second rate person. even public to listen hospitals could not be used but everybody johns had decent fo

the next morning, october 31st, eisenhower was heartened by news that soviet troops--the soviet government had declared its intention to practice non-interference in the internal affairs of the state. in egypt, british planes were bombing airfield and, ports and communications centers turning the lead part rows of aircraft into burning smoke and wreckage. nasser's troops sunk a 320 long ship loaded with rocks and cement in the suez canal, first of thirty-two ships. eisenhower concluded that he should address the nation that might, october 31st. foster dulles, sick and exhausted, wrote a draft of the address and ike read it, declared it an absolute disaster and late in the afternoon ordered that a new speech be written. minutes before the broadcast in the oval office a speech writer fed the speech to the president across the table. the speech was short and terse. eisenhower revealed that given the veto in the security council he had taken the unprecedented step of appealing to the united nations general assembly. the united states was not consulted in any way about these actions, eisenhower

the german plan to seize soviet territory. but most of the soviet leaders. would target britain first before unleashing any attack on the soviet. stalin was already aware of the. problem with the germans regularly postponed the. initially it was fifteen meanwhile stalin was trying to kill. where the first assault was launched actually consisted of several. islands around the main fortification in. the eastern seaboard offer the most resistance. most of the fortress defenders still expected reinforcements down to the end they did know they are already well behind enemy lines germans has seized the town of brest within hours. abreast residents lived under occupation for nearly three years when the germans came she was told that she was not. a second rate person. there's a toilet that will even public toll this in hospitals could not be used but everybody johns had decent food the others were not so lucky joe misspelled the word hostis of the town name everywhere you could see signs saying. it's only oh i . know and it's already during the first days of the war

federated socialist republic all basically the beginning of the demise of the soviet union that would follow later in the year dimitri. let's look at that time twenty years ago and how the soviet union unraveled how much was yeltsin involved with that unraveling of the soviet union people talk a lot about going to chop off what about yeltsin at this time well i think there are two parallel process that's going on which should not be mixed up there was the process of democratization and i think it was yeltsin starro for the first time in russian history and man came to power almost election against the will of the government that was an achievement as for the collapse of the soviet union it had begun long before that it speeded. back in one thousand eight hundred nine already there was a lot of talk about it and by one thousand nine hundred that brought the process was almost complete i would you mind your that in march two months before the election. seven republics fifteen did not take part in the referendum on the reform of the soviet union so the process has already gone very very

up next peter lavelle and guess look at the fall of the soviet union and discuss the role of russia's first president boris yeltsin in setting the country's course is coming your way in crosstalk. if you can. follow in welcome to cross talk i'm peter lavelle boris yeltsin was he a great man who made history or was he merely a product of his time and opinions differ widely don't no one denies the important role he played in creating our present cross-talk to continue that series on the collapse of the soviet union twenty years ago. due. to cross-talk yeltsin's russia i'm joined by dmitri baba chair in the studio with me he's a political analyst at ria novosti news agency in washington we have donald jensen he's a resident fellow at the center for transatlantic relations and in london we go to alex project he is director of russian and eurasian studies center at the university of oxford all right gentlemen crosstalk rules and in fact that means you can jump in anytime you want well the reason why we're doing this we're doing our series here on cross talk on the collapse of the soviet un

page in history former soviet republics. killed in the second world war. the soviet union. to reverse the trend of. these twenty four hours a day you're watching our. ten year old child pulled from the wreckage of the passenger plane that crashed in northwest russia. bringing the death toll to forty five spend two days fighting to save the boy's knife. the. investigation. into terrible time for editors. the will of the relatives of. the survivors some of them have already made their way here saw bars still on the way. a ten year old boy had passed away at the hospital injuries so his family definitely going through an emotional time now it will be a tough day for their families because we have the task for those family members have been killed they have the task of identifying the bodies the borg we were told that several have been identified but still quite a large number still have to be identified they were still. body parts from the wreckage so again an emotional day for them and as for the locals here they also have been going through. grief the friends of those who ha

seven republics out of fifteen did not take part in the referendum on the reform of the soviet union so the process has already gone very very much forward and yeltsin of course of the soviet union was just virtually collapse and in some one thousand nine hundred one he didn't shed tears you started build in the russian federation and you think that's the entire point of john vines go to you in washington from a russian perspective in two thousand and eleven that was the good yeltsin ok the else and they did the right thing ok because right now in two thousand and eleven most people in this country are very pleased that the soviet union is gone there's still a small minority that regret it but yeltsin was seen as a great banner to bring the end of a system that wasn't working for the people anymore so yeltsin twenty years ago what kind of character do you so some to be. i said some looking back i'm very contradictory figure both i would almost say heroic but certainly someone who displayed tremendous political courage and i would note in passing about i agree with the most comments a