the soviet union, while portraying soviet involvement in the third world as benevolent aid to countries -- to developing country's who are trying to escape from so-called western imperialism. the most powerful expression of soviet patriotism arise from the defeat of not to germany in world war ii. that provides an inexhaustible source of pride in the average citizen. the party identifies itself with that great achievement by portraying the war is a struggle on behalf of the sacred mother land the soviet people under the guidance of the communist party. this theme will receive greater emphasis on the 40th anniversary celebration of germany's defeat in may, 1985. the regime also has received considerable propaganda benefit from the soviet union's exploits in space and in international sports competitions, and it often attributes these achievements to the superiority of socialism. sports, moreover, is seen as an outlet for popular energies and a distraction from the hardships of daily life. the soviet union has often been referred to in the west as a closed society. the regime's ability to

the soviet media seems bent on portraying to the soviet people a similar vision of america.americand history tv? visit our website, c-span.org/history. you can view our tv schedule, preview upcoming programs and watch college lectures, museum tours, archival films and more. american history tv at c-span.org/history. american history tv is on c-span3 every weekend, featuring museum tours, archival films, and programs on the presidency. war and more. here's a clip from a recent program. face an emotional question, a question of the heart, and a question of the mind today. the you really believe in the legacy of the little rock nine? are you really grateful? if you are a parent or a grandparent, can't you imagine how their parents felt the first day they set out? the last memory i have of the not reunion, believe it or is not that i was president. i was glad that the most important thing i had to do was to hold the door open. so that the world could see the reality of what its symbolic message was. had takend i just chelsea to college. we literally had to be run out of the room

between the united states and the soviet union and between russian soviet states prior to the summer of 1950. and i think very few people including this would have imagined this feeding into an international system that was lost for the next 40 years if it hadn't been without breaking with north korea. it didn't change everything but it changed a lot in how the cold war developed. then in terms of turning point, in 1970 and the economic change that took place during that decade . and i won't have time to go into this much in the presentation today, we can talk about it afterwards but my view of what happened is from the 1970s on, after a period of what was seen as tremendous weakness for the russians, they think this challenge to american political institutions through the state crisis think stagnation in terms of how the economy developed in the late 1970s, think oil and energy crisis, right? it seems to be a period of immense weakness for the west and especiallyfor the united states . instead it became by the late 17th and early 18th, a period of globalization of markets. a tempora

we knew the soviet services. we knew them probably better than almost any individual working in them. and you have to -- at times you have to think like the opposition. it's that old story, anybody -- there are a number of you here who saw george c. scott in patton, when he said, rommel, you s.o.b., i read your book, and that's really what it is. that's part of it. anymore questions? >> one more. >> if all this evidence and he was convicted -- i have to say this rhetorically. why was he given life instead of the death penalty? sandra: a good question. that all that was on the federal books. at the time, and i think this went back -- i am not positive but i think this went back years to frank church, the church committee. i think that's what it was, and i think it was death only in times of war, and might not even have been that. however, what did happen because of ames, the death penalty was put back on the books, and robert hansen faced death, but instead i think he got something even worse. he went to supermax

host: when did the soviet union become the soviet union? prof. taubman: 1922, 1923. the soviet union replaced soviet union -- russia which replace the russian empire. host: why? prof. taubman: lennon wanted to set up more than a nationstate. he wanted to set up an international stage. he believed that all of these countries, former countries, coming together would form a kind of colonel of the world he wanted to see come about in the end. nations joining together in the spirit of proletarian internationalism. there was an element of compulsion and force. some were forced to join. others were given the idea of independence. the national anthem, a parliament. sometimes a foreign minister. but it was phony because the real power was in the hands of the communist party which was quickly centralized. host: the language, i want to run a clip of mr. gorbachev when he came in for the interview and the question had to do, can you speak english? >> do you understand english? >> to some extent, yes. when one meets with people often and when you talk about things as you would tr

launched into a diatribe against the soviet union or almost against soviet period listen on on t.v. so here. we have billion isn't a soviet that was the day che guevara went too far one could hear him backstage bowing to sylvia delegate he said something a socialist country or a country on the road to socialism had never dared to say. socialist that socialist countries had a duty to pay in arms and resources third world countries seeking freedom and want conversion in delhi in on the. they shouldn't sell arms as was the case for the soviet union in the eastern countries to be the best value there is. once back in cuba chased trance turned to suspicion when he finally met with fidel castro and as now those articles the cuban president he kept his head lowered. behind the smiling decides the tension with palpable castro tried to make contact with him with the son he disappointed but she looked away under the weight of the mute accusation. but you know this war from that moment on give our disappeared totally it was give ours last public appearance and from that point on give our under

marine an enormous effort more than two months to get a soviet passport only for one year the day after he got hold of the document he set off for minsk and bell reuss the capital of one of the u.s.s.r. small republics to work out a soviet factory he boarded his train ride on this station in minsk oswald met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family. after what seemed to be disillusionment with the u.s.s.r. there was only one way home for oswald and that was through the american embassy. ilya patrolling court t tracing the footsteps of lee harvey oswald in moscow. ok let's go back to our breaking news this hour because twitter has blocked order to dismiss from accounts of this channel we can get the details now from downhole can see he's back i

we have reports back when the soviet union collapsed that a lot of the soviet and russian nuclear scientistss. they were looking for money, so some travelled to north korea. there were reports of ten former soviet nuclear rocket scientists in north korea. and there was highly prized missile technology in former soviet countries, including in this factory in ukraine. july 2011, two north korean spies have come to ukraine to try and photograph plans in the factory‘s design office. but what they don't know is ukrainian security services have set up a covert sting operation. we've protected the identity of one officer, who agreed to speak to us. translation: we knew what was going on. they were interested in scientific documents about solid fuel, which is used in rockets. the north koreans were trying to get their hands on a blueprint for missiles. all part of the regime's determination to get weapons of mass destruction. but the ukrainians foiled the plot. translation: false documents were created for them to see, nothing top secret. they agreed to buy them for a very small amount of money. the

in the former soviet union, the ukraine and other soviet republics were permitted at the end of the cold war to basically peacefully establish their own independence. and i know it's not as simple as that, but it happened in a peaceful way in which thousands of lives were not lost trying to force groups of people who do not want to be under moscow's control and those people, whether in the ukraine or elsewhere in the battleics or the balkans, they have the rights. people were permitted to have an independent government free from being only suppressed by moscow and have to follow its orders. that happened relatively peacefully. if that not happened, there would be nuck conflict and communism faltered. it took a lot of prodding for us to make sure that the russians in the soviet union, in moscow understood that they could not keep people under their thumb. and it was the cold war and thank god we ended the cold war peacefully. because that was the great gift that ronald reagan gave to us and i'm proud to have served ronlt reagan as a senior speech writer to the president for 7 1/2 writers

an agent of the soviet union. because you wouldn't say an agent of the mob. >> in 2017 trying to defend a soviet union which doesn't exist anymore. >> well, to avoid an eruption, i presume. this was in 1975, so at the height of the cold war to avoid some sort of huge con flag rags which could have led to a warment you had two nuclear powers, and this was still so raw. and the fact, by the way, that we're not going to see the rest of the documents for six months and there will still be redactions is so tantalizing and so mysterious. what is the purpose of any redactions. >> why six months? can't they speed it up a little bit. >> they had 25 years to do this. don't they have enough people at the cia and the fbi -- >> what do you think? we grew up with this. these are the same old theories we had. the soviets were involve. they didn't want a third world war. they didn't want to keep it from us because we're all children, of course. >> you can understand that reason in the 60s. you can understand that reasoning even i

four years before kennedy's assassination lee harvey also want to take a trip to the soviet union he was hoping to get soviet citizenship but was alternately tonight are to go retrieve some of all the old steps and ma. where might you find the most drama and lee harvey oswald's life story before the events of november nine hundred sixty three well it could be his short but eventful stay in this city four years before he is sas unaided president kennedy. most of the places which form part of extraordinary trip still exist like the. railway station where he arrived from helsinki in finland his last stop in a western country before reaching the u.s.s.r. . also stayed right here at the hotel berlin which is now the savoy it's just a few minutes walk from the kremlin and the former k.g.b. headquarters. his visa meant that he only had six days to get a soviet citizenship so he wasted no time in trying to secure his hat. cicle passport which began with this letter i believe harvey oswald requested that i be granted citizenship in the soviet union i want citizenship because i am a communist

met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family. after what seemed to be disillusionment with the u.s.s.r. there was only one way home for a lost world and that was through the american embassy. ilya patrol. tracing the footsteps of lee harvey oswald in moscow. this is international that's mid-morning on sunday here in the russian capital thanks for joining us for the weekly top headlines of the day and the week returning in a half an hour. hold . the two thousand and eight economic crisis turn some countries into paid these are the countries with weaker economies that needed austerity policies if you are in a situation. even the recession austerities a very bad idea it doesn't work it makes millions of people very happy and employed see their

met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family. after what seemed to be disillusionment with the u.s.s.r. there was only one way home for a lost world and that was through the american embassy. ilya patrol. tracing the footsteps of lee harvey oswald and moscow. tensions are rising over catalonia his push for independence you can see live pictures here from barcelona where crimes have rally demanding a firm decision from the region's government that comes to the capital and president cancel the speech he was due to give a bit earlier and he was expect. to dissolve parliament the spanish senate meanwhile will start debating applying article one five five on removing catalonia autonomy and vote on it on friday with more info now from barcelona w

met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family. after what seemed to be disillusionment with the u.s.s.r. there was only one way home for oswald and that was through the american embassy. ilia patrol. tracing the footsteps of lee harvey oswald and moscow. all thanks for joining us here on our international for this edition of the weekly on this sunday we are back in about thirty one minutes. about your sudden passing i've only just learned you worry yourself and taken your last wrong turn. to caught up to you as we all knew it would i tell you i'm sorry i could so i write these last words and hopes to put to rest things that i never got off my chest. i remember when we first met my life turned on each day. but then my feeling started to chang

met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family. after what seemed to be disillusionment with the u.s.s.r. there was only one way home for oswald and that was through the american embassy. ilya patrolling court t tracing the footsteps of lee harvey oswald and moscow. british filmmaker is have revived attempts to find any trace of russia or interfering in the outcome of last year's brecht referendum we can get more details now from our correspondent. is this a bit strange because what exactly could they be looking for given that this vote was well over a year ago. well andrew really nothing new here we've seen this before this anti russia hype continues and this witch hunt now spreading its wings across the u.k. following the very brave but few

sputnik circled the earth for four months before burning up in the atmosphere but the soviet success marked only the beginning of a heated competition with the united states for dominance of the heavens. well from space now to something back here on earth that really looks out of this world because a st bernard named mochi in the u.s. state of south dakota now holds the new guinness world record for world's longest dog tongue mochi has an eight team point fifty eight seven meter tongue look at him go there she or she rather she has it to lick her fair share of peanut butter. human her owner carlos records said that seeing her beloved dog in the guinness book of world records will make all the water in the bar that they have had to clean up over the years well worth it the cat certainly doesn't have the stocks talking. just a quick reminder now the top story that we have been following for you here at the w. catalonia is regional president has renewed his pledge to apply the result of sunday's disputed referendum to break away from spain his comments come in a televised address ending

union the soviet government but also because there seemed to be german and after the second world war that of course had a lot of stigma attached to it and i just. was among the journalists who spoke to himself and he said that this is an important gesture not only for the church but also a gesture of openness towards dialogue with germany and any time ally and russian president vladimir putin need what will they be talking about do you think. well it seems that. is kind of feeling out how open putin and how open russia is to dialogue with germany and to dialogue with the west he said that they would be talking not only about the common ground that they have the common ground that they share but also about several difficult topics today. went to memorial which is a civil rights society that monitors human rights here in russia and they asked him to talk to putin about the human rights issue but steinmeyer also emphasize that one of the main things that the two leaders will be discussing is ukraine actually and hopes that there can be some progress on the peace there and we shall win i

met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family. after what seemed to be disillusionment with the u.s.s.r. there was only one way home for a lost war and that was through the american embassy. ilya for trying tracing the footsteps of lee harvey oswald and moscow. hillary clinton's election team and the democratic national committee reportedly helped bankroll the now infamous donald trump the document was published back in january and outlined unsubstantiated links and deals between moscow and the trauma campaign in the run up to last year's presidential election here's how the u.s. president's reacted them to the latest news about it. very sad what they've done with this fake it was made up. i understand they paid a tremendous amount of money

want to be the white house soviet specialist? and as a result i got be the white house solvee spiey, at the end of the the cold war. >> host: do you speech russian? sunny do. >> host: so, after that administration, was over, you went back to stanford. >> guest: i did. >> host: then when george w. bush was running for president, how did you get involved with that? >> guest: i went back to stanford. i was provost., the chief operating officer of the university and a very happy academic but george h.w. bush called me who said my son is governor of texas, thinking about running for president and i'd like you to talk to him about foreign policy. i spent a couple of days with him and after a little while he asked me to organize his foreign policy in the campaign, and that's how i got involved with george w. bush. >> host: so were you surprised he asked you to be in the national security adviser at the beginning of that administration. >> guest: by the time we get to his election, i figured i would probably go into the administration an

met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family. after what seemed to be disillusionment with the u.s.s.r. there was only one way home for the last waltz and that was through the american embassy. ilya patrol. tracing the footsteps of lee harvey oswald and moscow. spanish leaders are about to start two days of deliberations on know whether or not to seized control of the catalonia region there's been a state of flux the since the controversial independence referendum on top of the first parliament threatening to push ahead with six. session and madrid's been piling on political pressure of a sense whatever happens the choice is proving this divisive catalonians local police force in charlotte do bensky explains was the we were i was i was when

and that, he said publicly, almost publicly, i'm tired of babying the soviets. and what was needed was a position taken from strength, position taken from a commitment to freedom and an opportunity for the people of eastern and central europe to make up their own futures. but that didn't entailed some very definite actions on the part of truman, including the truman doctrine which afforded greece and turkey, the marshall plan which economically supported not only eastern and central europe but france and great britain who were economically flat on their backs, and politically were really under some stress and strain. it's possible the communist parties of those two countries, particularly france, might've been able to even win an election. so for those reasons, truman saying to himself we must take a strong stand, begin what was called a policy of containment, of making sure the soviets could go no farther than they had, which was eastern and central europe. >> host: what was the soviet reaction? >> guest: they were not happy. they were a little bit shocked that

but it's another to go into the former soviet republics.ring) >> putin thought we were the puppet masters. like, man, we are not that good. i even told russian television once, when they were accusing me personally of being the grey cardinal, "are you kidding me?" but they really thought we were doing it. >> narrator: the fall of the soviet union, iraq, the color revolutions, nato expansion, what the bush administration was calling "the freedom agenda"-- vladimir putin had seen enough. >> russian president vladimir putin is speaking at an international conference... >> narrator: in february 2007, putin decided it was time to make a stand. he traveled to munich, germany, to speak directly to western leaders. (reporter speaking german) >> and so he comes to the security conference in munich and says, basically, "i don't have to mince words, do i? i can say what's on my mind." and then he, he just lashes out, and he lists all these resentments. (speaking russian) >> (translated): first and foremost, the united states has overstepped its nation

defectors to the soviet union. you had to be a pretty strange person to defect to the old soviet union. and then he came back. state department money helped him come back. before you knew it he was campaigning, advocating for fidel castro. they were following him. they knew where he was. they were checking in with him. would you believe that neither the cia nor the fbi were really communicating, and they never told -- neither agency told the secret service where he was. i mean, there he was on the motorcade route that hugh remembers so well in a building under which the motorcade was passing in the days when a president rode in an open car. it's still hard to believe. >> it is. >> do you believe that this is going to offer more conspiracy theories, hugh? but do you think that there is -- not that there's everything we need to know here but that they have the right person, the right theory. are there still unanswered questions for you? what would you like to see answered? >> well, just like larry said, i'd like to f

met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family.

met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family. after what seemed to be disillusionment with the u.s.s.r. there was only one way home for a lost world and that was through the american embassy. ilya patrol. tracing the footsteps of lee harvey oswald and moscow. reminder of our breaking news this hour twitter has banned r.t.m. for telling all its platform the fall out from about at the top of the hour with me see that. what's happened with our. very close to a genocide and it's unforgiving and it should be immediately rectified and remedied where i think she stands at the moment is that if she would to condemn it she would be alex and immediately she would be put on a plane and then the hopes that people have placed in her would be. how does i

met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family. after what seemed to be disillusionment with the u.s.s.r. there was only one way home for office walt and that was through the american embassy. ilya patrol. tracing the footsteps of lee harvey oswald and moscow. passed the night in a stuffy watching our table be back with us. would hope that you should. put themselves on the line to get accepted or rejected . so when you want to be president. you simply want to be. if you're going to be this is what the three of them will be good. in pursuit of always in the water. flow again the british will make his home for five to temps to find any trace of russian interference in the outcome of last year's brics it referendum with more on this is the situa

me, that was my first year in the soviet union and russia. i lived there one year and i believe anyone who starts out onto a new assignment, i was there working for the state department, but even working for the state department before the united states, a newspaper, a network, the most important thing -- you were there to cover the news. you want to see or hear what is going on, you want to filter through your own intelligence and tell it to us straight. do not give me a song and dance. tell you what you see and hear. tell me straight news. host: stalin dies in 1953. guest: yes. host: the korean war comes to an end, and khrushchev rises to power, under what circumstances? guest: when stalin ran the soviet union, everything went through him. he was the absolute leader and dictator. he dies and there is uncertainty. khrushchev rises to the top. he once to do something that she want -- he wants to do something different and he knew it was going to collapse. he wanted to reform it, and he attacked the legacy of joseph stalin in 1956, cutting loo

sputnik circled the earth for four months before burning up in the atmosphere but the soviet success marked only the beginning of a heated competition with the united states for dominance of the heavens. space to sports argentina and uruguay say that they will make a joint bid to host soccer world cup twenty thirty the announcement comes after talks to plan the bit at the headquarters of the argentinian soccer association when i cited bidding is still at least four years away but the south americans are already expected to face stiff competition from european nations and china europe way staged the first world cup back in one nine hundred thirty. while a thousand year old lantern festival is lighting up the night skies of hiding city in eastern china this year shows feature almost eight hundred giant lanterns from all over the region and other parts of the country. the traditional about marks the coming of the mid autumn as well as china's national day and it turns out that this beautiful spectacle it dates all the way back between six hundred and nine hundred a decent stunning image

the soviet union for so long was the enemy. and to be honest with you i never really ever imagined that the cold war would ever stop. it seemed loik a permanent part of our life. that would never end. and so for me when the berlin wall fell, when the soviet union fell when this iron curtain fell, it was something that i just didn't consider would happen in my lifetime. and then to be able to go over there to former soviet union. and see it firsthand. and see it wasn't necessarily the evil empire that we were told it was. these were just amazing people. as a matter of fact, my connection began with working with russian photographers. who turned out to be some of the most amazing photographers i have ever met. >> that is what you call an interphoto. is that a thing you and several people -- >> what happened was, i actually it was in washington dc. there was an exhibition called changing reality. which was the best of soviet photography. the curator invited ten russian photographers to america. so that was what i first started tal

met his first soviet lover but she turned down his marriage proposal because she was afraid to marry an american and just two months later he met a nineteen year old marine a person his future wife and mother of his first child yet with a drab job and nothing to do outside of work according to oswald himself he would soon make the decision to leave the u.s.s.r. for good along with his family. after what seemed to be disillusionment with the u.s.s.r. there was only one way home for oswald and that was through the american embassy. ilya patrol. tracing the footsteps of lee harvey oswald and moscow. you're watching the weekly here on r.t. international top stories of the week the main headlines of today here on. inhofe and. play. play. play. play. play from many clubs over the years so i know the game inside guys. football isn't only about what happens on the pitch for the final school it's about the passion from the fans it's the age of the superman each kill the narrowness and spending two hundred twenty million on one player. it's an experience like nothing else i want to do because

we union, trust the soviet but saw it in national interest treaty. arms control an agreement with soviet union during world war ii and common enemy against adolf hitler. i disagree kim jong-un is crazy, that is something we have heard and heard it applied to his studies in ve done government and out of government, so he's both the and son and indeed the grandfather. we're all brutal, terrible dictators, but they weren't crazy. many are advocating preventative saying even though we can live with nuclear russia and hina, we can't live with nuclear north korea, he is crazy, he may wake up and push the button. not crazy, therefore, you oac -- attack him, he wouldn't respond because he knows the u.s., a logical response, a logical disconnect, attack because he is crazy, but wouldn't suffer sane, uences, he'd have a rationale response. on the military option, it may come to that. particularly if north korea attacks us or our allies fwe intelligence, we think they are about to attack us, particularly with nuclear i'm ns cht the thing concerned about more th

the soviets are fondling equipment. the chinese are building up their military with soviet equipment as well. yeah? >> [indiscernible] prof. glatthaar: they were not -- combat troops, no. abe. >> examples of officers who found the situation to -- moral code or law and recuse themselves from the situation? prof. glatthaar: there's a classic story from the vietnam war, where a guy named harold k johnson, chief of staff of the army, is fed up with the johnson administration policies. and so he gets in his car, and he's driving to the white house to submit his resignation in protest. and he got stuck in traffic in washington. and as he was stuck in traffic he started thinking, well, if i resign and nothing changes, i have wasted things. but if i stay in the game, i might be able to alter policies and make things better for the troops. and so ultimately he convinced himself he was making the right decision and turned his car around and went back to the pentagon. the sad part is, he lived to regret that decision for the remai

later the soviet government persecutors lutherans and seized property including this cathedral. the community has been using it again since the fall of the soviet union, but so far it has remained russian government properly. >> it is like someone started putting in your apartment and it is notours anymore.