bring the end to the soviet union it. made many people within the soviet union to question its moral foreign foundations didn't the war in libya play exactly the same role for the west because it did and it did produce the migration crisis that definitely energized. the opposition to the liberal world order and there it may have not have collapsed but it has been undermined i don't see it quite as a peril because the afghani war within seventy nine and it was much more traumatic for the soviet union than the middle east has been for the west but i do agree i do agree that the facets. to the treatment of iraq and syria you can observe in some of these turkey three million refugees definitely but it doesn't shake the western system the western system and the european union is that finitely pressed by the migration but they have bigger problems like the brics for one thing they have nationalism in poland and hungary so the test on the european union now is a very very sinister one mentioned many differences that russia and t

the end of foreign policy however russia today is not the soviet union. arguments against the soviet union that was on. it was the absence of the liberty of fates. and the speech freedom those three rights have been restored. has disappeared from russia there are partly censorship it on that is that not believe me so it's unfair to say that putin has restored the soviet union there are so many publications i have been my bookshelves. fifteen volumes of the weekly reports from k.g.b. to stalin from twenty six to thirty four about everything that happened in the service society it's so much has been published in communist russia that only. idiots can believe that as a way back in the one once now you mention put his name in the e.u. had your introduction to that man long before many other people did because i read somewhere that you were served coffee by him when he was still deputy mayor or perhaps even an assistant to the mayor of st petersburg administration what was so memorable about that event that made you remember why would you. buy his boss the man

about glasnost and perestroika, gorbachev was kidding himself if he thought he could reform the soviet union, equal and productive society. he sensed that the soviet leaders were not ready for real change, the soviet people were, and he intended to make his case to them. >> seemed fair, the president wanted to send a message not just to america but to the russian people as well that we really care about you, and we really want to see your lives changed. bret: that began day one. >> nancy says, ronnie wants to go for a walk among the people. there's a commercial area right near the embassy at half a block away. the secret service as well. we don't think you should do it. they pointed out leaders don't just go walking in crowds, though gorbachev did it in america, and mrs. reagan says we're going to do it and we want to do it in 15 minutes. bret: and off they went. when the stunned russians realized the american president was in their midst, pandemonium ensued. >> the secret service says that's it, we're gone. they grabbed the president and headed back to the embassy. and helen thomas was righ

ag meese: the soviet union, brezhnev was on his last legs. as ronald reagan said, when it came to whether or not he would meet with the soviet leader, he says, i would beat them, but they keep dying on me. in 1985 he got a live one in gorbachev. that was very important. at that time, gorbachev was a diehard communist, no question, but he also understood the west better than his predecessors. he realized the united states by the time he became general secretary, he realized the american military was going to be the most powerful military in the world and it was a force that was enough of the soviet union did not have military superiority, which they had until that time. >> one more question. let me read here, this book, that book, another article. to my understanding, it is a kind of impressionism. i want to ask you to fill it in. bill casey with the cia is making sure solidarity -- he is working with lane kirkland at afl-cio to make sure solidarity gets funds, copy machines, and so forth. then judge clark and his successors as national securit

will to part it's hard to find a more drab and yes more romantic period in the history of the soviet union to me life is people knew it was falling apart then the yet there was also a growing hope that something new and exciting would rise in its place that sons of cognitive and emotional dissonance was perfectly captured by the on the ground music of the time produced by young nonconformist musicians in what was down the flooding dr what was it like to leave and make music in. hopeful despair well to discuss that i'm now joined by john a stingray an american musician and an avid chronicler of the leningrad rock scene john it's so good to talk to you thank you very much for your time thank you for inviting me now you have a very interesting a very unusual and i think is a somewhat through mantic story you came to the soviet union for just one the week you called but it was big one of our biggest rock stars bloodline and he just showed your round is that how it all began that is how it all began a friend of mine her older sister was married to a russian emigre when he heard i was going to v

the soviet union was a different matter.he soviet union began to raise the question of peace overtures with the north vietnamese but they weren't interested in listening to that either. >> we should point out these talks taking place in paris, more from 1968 and the johnson white house. >> on march 31st, president johnson had ordered a bombing halt in all areas of north vietnam except the immediate panhandle above the demilitarized zone, an area through which massive numbers of infiltrators and their supplies of war continue to pour. as a result of this decision, the much awaited truce talks began in paris on may 13th. during september, ambassador, president johnson's chief negotiator at the talks reported that after four months and a total of 21 formal sessions, there still had been no substantive discussions. the north vietnamese negotiators clung to their long held demand that all bombing must stop before they will discuss anything else. the president in close counsel with his advisers repeatedly asked for assurances that

have a very interesting a very unusual and i think is a somewhat dramatic story you came to the soviet union for just one the week you called but it was big one of our biggest rock stars bloodline and he just showed you around is that how it all began that is how it all began a friend of mine her older sister was married to a russian emigre and when you heard i was going to visit russia and he knew i was a rocker in los angeles he said you need to call off he's the most famous underground rocker in russia like the bob dylan of russia i didn't believe there was any rock in russia but i thought ok i'll go and meet him because how cool he think it will be to meet me that i'm an american rocker and i met him and we sat we were at seven partment and i played them a couple of songs off an e.p. album i had released here in the states and morris thought it was very cool and it was a little bit punk and he liked it and i i felt very proud and then i said oh can i hear something of yours and we put in a cassette and i put my headphones on and i started to hear one of his songs that was called tonight

nobody in america was aware this could possibly be happening in russia we were so afraid of the soviet union at that time and that's why it just opened my eyes and that's what led to me deciding that i needed to bring this music and photos and videos of these bands to the u.s. to open up the eyes of all of the other people in united states because it really was something we we were not aware at all that was taking place there now rock musicians all over the world are pretty rowdy bunch i wonder how they react to you and your interest in them you know i think there were europeans that had come in and had met. for so he had met foreigners but i think what was different was with me is after i met boris on that first trip and was taken by all of it and i said i'm going to come back what can i do can i bring your equipment i think that he and seven. kind of had a feeling of course she says she's going to come back but she's not going to because i think many people before me westerners came in and said the same thing that they wanted to come back i think what surprised boris said everybody else is

they have a lot of nuclear weapons in the soviet union. and a history of antagonism toward much of europe and the united states. but president bush, because of his temperament and his skill and the extraordinary team he had around him, presided over that in a way that allowed mr. gorbachev and the soviet union to really come apart. it could have easily gone another direction. or the reunification of germany. you can be sure that france was skeptical about the reunification of germany. wouldn't you be as well if you had been involved in two world war ii's in that century with germany? margaret thatcher was opposed to the reunification of germany quietly, according to vice president quail -- vice president quayle who should know about such things. our president had to be adept enough to preside over the reuniindication of germany and the disintegration of the soviet union at the same time. balancing the budget, that wasn't popular within the republican party. when you look at the portraits of the presidents of the white house, you often thin

completely and the soviet union had interesting things to tell him. they were telling him little nuggets of information he would put into his speeches. he was being used effectively. there was a certain glamour to meeting kgb officers at that time, something people in the left did. a spurious bit of spy craft and quite a few did. looking back on it he denied it utterly. what he was accused of in his lifetime he flatly denied he ever early -- the word knowingly is a bit of a weasel word. if he didn't know they were kgb officers in dozens of meetings he was being stunningly naÏve. you have a question. is there a microphone? it is coming to you. >> the title, "the spy and the traitor: the greatest espionage story of the cold war". through most of the book i assumed one was oleg gordievsky and the other was amos but those terms are not mutually exclusive. do you assign either term or both terms to each of those two? >> i assign both terms to both men. they are both spies, they are both in a way traders. treachery is sewn into this. that is what mi 6 does,

president ronald reagan and gorbachev the last leader before the fall of the soviet union the cold war enemies agreed to eliminate all their stocks of short and medium range missiles including nuclear weapons seaside launch missiles well the only exceptions the aim was to reduce the threat of war especially in europe yeah the treaty is considered a milestone in ending the arms race between the cold war superpowers. so over to the panel joining us in moscow as pablo felgenhauer defense and military analyst in london through skype james nixey head of the russia and eurasia program at chatham house and finally lawrence korb a in d.c. that is a former assistant secretary of defense welcome to all of you a pre-stated very much lawrence i want to start with you how concerning is this development this language at a time that that nato is expanding at a time that russia is doing things like annex in crimea how concerned are you. on very concerned not just because the president has announced that they're going to get out of the i and have traded but he has not accept the president putin's offic

i think he recognize that in the breakup of the soviet union, we faced a new peril, because the soviet union's nuclear weapons were all over the world. they were new countries and he realized the importance of securing that and making sure that it was done in a very efficient manner. love that means you have to tiptoe around the egos of the departed, in this case, the soviet union. >> talking egos, it seems like he viewed himself with a grain of salt. had a good sense of humor about it. we talked about how he felt ashamed or embarrassed that he did not have a second term. he embraced it and upon his departure, he threw a party and invited dana carvey. and he said how strange it was. and it showed his great sense of humor and perspective. >> here we can see jeb bush, one of the sons, standing by is a motorcade carrying the family has arrived. on the left-hand side, we just moments ago german chancellor angela merkel. there is jimmy carter there as well. >> they're the same age. 94 years old. >> it is interesting to see angela merkel there as well, because it was under the watch of georg

the soviet union had interesting things to tell him. they were telling him little nuggets of nothings put into his speeches. he was being used am certain glamor to meeting kgb officers at that time. thought to be something people on the left did, sort of spurious spycraft, and quite a few did. in his defense. looking back, he denied it utterly. when he was accused of it, he flatly denied he ever knowingly met a kgb of. the word knowingly is a wiesel word. if he didn't know they were kgb officers he was being stunningly naive. >> thank you for -- [inaudible] >> there is a mic? sorry. yes. i it's coming to you. >> the title, spy and at the traitor, through most of the book i assumed one was gordievsky and juan was aments but they're not mutually exclusive. do you aseen either term or both terms to each of the two men? >> i assign both terms to both men. they are both spies and they are both in a way traitors. treachery is absolutely sewn into this business ever that's what mi of does, what the cia does, they persuade people in foreign cou

i mean who could have imagined a coalition that would have the soviet union, china and then the middles, as well. standing up to one of their own. >> hundreds of demonstrators gathered to protest the inevitable. all but one, that is. >> whatever america goes to war, there's going to be protests in the streets. but you needed congressional support or you wouldn't have popular support. >> the world looks to the president. he can play an historic role in leading us to solve this crisis in a nonviolent way. >> make no mistake about it. our vital interests are at stake. >> bush knew that you had to let that process go forward. you couldn't just declare war and do it. >> the hope of peace remains in my heart and the hearts of us all, but this debate is now about war. >> power in a matter of days can bring this villain to his knees. >> let us stop beating the drums of war. let us oppose this march to violence. >> nowhere is it ordained that the new world order must begin with a new world war. >> they had a great national debate and the argument for going to war prevailed. >> president bush sa

the soviet union was collapsing. 15 countries emerge.e nuclear weapons, where were the chemical weapons? who was going to lead these countries? take us inside the white house. >> john, i think it was -- looking back, it was the extraordinary experience of george h.w. bush. nobody had had the jobs he had had, every job imaginable in the u.s. government. it was his also understanding that successful diplomacy at the highest level is often about earning trust and confidence with the man or woman on the opposite side of the table. that's what he did with gorbachev. it was not inevitable that the soviet union was going to end peacefully. we worried about all sorts of contingencies where the kgb or some rogue military officer would get their hands on nuclear weapons and there would be a violent clash. it didn't end that way because president bush was able to work with a descending gorbachev, a rising yeltsin. prime minister thatcher was dubious about german unification. it was bush who made the commitment to chancellor. here is where experienc

the fall of the berlin wall, the breakup of the soviet union, and the end of u.s.-soviet proxy wars in nicaragua and el salvador. >> some had felt that we were so infat waited in the change -- infatuated in the change with eastern europe that we were neglecting this hemisphere. that is not the case. regime he removed a drug-dealing strongman, manuel noriega, turning it into the narco state. and the biggest u.s. military operation since the vietnam war, president bush put together an international coalition that liberated kuwait after it had been invaded by saddam hussein's iraq. >> the skies over baghdad have been illuminated. >> reporter: after just over five weeks of aerial bombardment, coalition ground forces pushed the iraqi army out of kuwait in just three days. >> we stood our ground because the world would not look the other way. ambassador al saab atonight kuwait is -- al saba, tonight kuwait is free. >> reporter: the cover of "time" magazine of two george bushs sums up his presidency. the uplifting world leader on the international stage and the one in was

within a year of coming to office, the berlin wall had come down, the cold war was over, the soviet unionre. but there were new uncertainty because, notably iraq's annexation in1990. because, notably iraq's annexation in 1990. margaret thatcher told him to stay firm, apparently saying this is no time to go wobbly, george. he did not. iraq will not be permitted to annex kuwait. that is not a threat, a boast, it isjust the to annex kuwait. that is not a threat, a boast, it is just the way it is going to be. a wide coalition was formed in operation desert storm began. the ground offensive would last us 100 hours with a decisive victory for american military expertise and superiority. victory for american military expertise and superioritylj victory for american military expertise and superiority. i can report to the nation, oppression is defeated. the war is over. the victory provided americans with a feelgood, and the president's approval rating soared, briefly. with the us in a protracted and painful recession, it was not long before voters were demanding answers to their domestic woes. we

as i mentioned, the soviet union collapsed within a few weeks after that, officially.ou had a period of time in which president george herbert walker bush was presiding over this dissolution and disarmament period. we were heading into a recession on the domestic scene. he had that problem to deal with , as to how to gain reelection at the same time he was dealing with the soviets on one hand and the american economy on the other. david: it is an important point about president george herbert walker bush that he was sensible, andwas he was not afraid to make tough decisions, even if it might hurt him politically. as you say, there had been an entire cold war and a lot of animosity toward the soviet union. giving them money was not at the top of people's minds. watching now, the honor guard assembled on the steps. you see the dignitaries gathering now in the national cathedral. talk to us about what he did with respect to specifically the fall of the soviet union, and the reunification of germany as well. we had angela merkel say he is really a godfather of the unified

if you helped the soviet union on its complicated road to democracy, of course history was not over. the road to democracy is not a reversible, not in moscow, not in america, not anywhere. after directing a village for democracy for an agonizing decades, the russians thrust forward a strong man amid the toos, a man determined reassemble the pieces of a broken umpire in a process strangling russian democracy. vladimir putin would go on to be president and he is president still and just as he hijacked democracy in his own country, he is discernment -- determined to do so everywhere. the denial of this reality will not make it less real. this is something staring us in the face as we gather today. as we america during this moment of political dysfunction and the contemplate the conventions and norms of democracy, we must remind ourselves none of this is permanent, that it must be fought for. civilization and the victories of freedom, history itself are not a matter of once achieved, always safe. the lovers of democracy live this. our children, whose rights and prerogatives have never be

we have two understand that we are no longer facing soviet union regimes and we are very well connected and organized. they are cultivating now what they already started three years ago and now we are starting to phase that in. of course, the union and diversity important and it is a resource. we should be careful in certain conditions and it is very very easy for an individual to stress a condition. they can also do it when they admire the people so much. my humble opinion is it is much more difficult by the proposal. we as people have issues and they can address them. the cuban people have united 50 the last time we actually went to a free state. we need deposition and unity. we need a common goal and types of work for everyone. it is an easier exercise to find the proposal. we need to work on the implementation of that process, we need to do that of course but first we need to accommodate . where trying to provide a platform in which we can altogether work for that common goal which is to actually change the system. you cannot have elections, it is not a possibility. you have to chan

i remember your grandparents fled the soviet union and great-grandparents fled the soviet union and your grandparents fled cuba to venezuela and now you are now in exile. this is not new to you. this is in your blood basically. ll us a little bit about the root here. communism. how does it affect the way your family has been shaped and then tell us about venezuela and where you see the development going forward. >> thank you for your kind words and inviting us. i think my family understood at is to live in a communism regime. grandparents -- [indiscernible] >> and then he was illegally detained. after two years, he was released. my grandparents fled the soviet union to havana, cuba. a grandfather used to have textile company. so my father was born in havana and in 1970, my grandparents for the second time left everything and left everything in cuba. house, company, family and i had to flee venezuela after i was removed from the regime because an ied to repress and i'm arrest warrant and i was able to venezuela through the jungle. so 100 years, three different generations, three different

look, the soviet union it wasn't clear the soviet union would chance peacefully.ponse to the collapse of the soviet union wouldn't start having these minor fights. the hungarians were upset with the yugoslavs. the yugoslavs were falling apart. there was unresolved border disputes. it could have been a time of more fighting in europe than we saw. so you couldn't have neglected -- >> what do you look at and see as his domestic policy legacy then? >> well, the tough call in dealing with reaganomics. they had failed. the whole idea that you could cut taxes and revenue would increase, that was disproven. by the way george bush probably knew this would fail. he called it voodoo economics. in any case, he inherits this budget deficit. he's told the american people, no new taxes and he gets a challenge from the right. when he gets into office he looks at the budget information, he talks to a smart man, richard darman. he said, can we correct this problem without raising taxes and his people said, no, mr. president. he can choose country and do the right thing for the econ

you can help us if you help the soviet union on its road to democracy. of course, history was not over. the road to democracy is not a reversible. not in moscow, not in america, not anywhere. a village ofg democracy for an agonizing decade or so, the russians brought a strong man strangling russian democracy in its cradle. vladimir putin would go on to become president and as president still. just as he hijacked democracy in his own country, he is determined to do so everywhere. denial of this reality will not make it any less real. is something that is staring us in the face right now as we are gathered here today. as we in america during this moment of political dysfunction and a people contemplate the hard won conventions and norms of democracy, we must continually remind ourselves that none of this is permanent. that it must be fought for continually. similar station and the victories of freedom, history itself are not a matter of once achieved, always safe. the president of czechoslovakia whosethis, our children, rights and prerogatives have never b

president ronald reagan and gorbachev the last leader before the fall of the soviet union the cold war enemies agreed to eliminate all their stocks of short and medium range missiles including nuclear weapons seaside launch missiles were the only exceptions the aim was to reduce the threat of war especially in europe yeah the treaty is considered a milestone in ending the arms race between the cold war superpowers. so over to the panel joining us in moscow is pablo felgenhauer defense and military analyst in london through skype james nixey head of the russia and eurasia program at chatham house and finally lawrence korb a in d.c. that is a former assistant secretary of defense welcome to all of you a pre-stated very much lawrence i want to start with you how concerning is this development this language at a time that that nato is expanding at a time that russia is doing things like annex in crimea how concerned are you. on very concerned not just because the president has announced that they're going to get out of the eye and after eighty but he has not accept the president putin's of

union and the reason why the european union can't be formed is exactly the same reason why the soviet union couldn't be reformed both the european union and the soviet union are trapped inside an ideological minor set which makes them intellectually incapable of reforming and that mindset is of course post nationalism globalism and so on and michael is the greatest example of this he thought that with that force of his personality and his good looks and whatever he could change things but since he never wanted to change the most important things namely the european policy the euro and so on yet his country and the rest of the european union just like the soviet union will remain mired in decline for as long as it takes to break up ok mark let me go to you how do you react to went to john laughlin had to say yeah i don't see that mccrone was ever intended as a voice for reform i think he was more intended as a last desperate hope of the technocrats and brothels to buttress. the status quo to prevent a radical reform is such as that as the lumpen from gaining power with the collapse of the so

the free world that the united states has led since world war ii was growing exponentially, the soviet union was in a glorious free fall shedding republic seemingly by the day. and eastern europe was squinting out into the light of liberation for the first time in 40 years. free markets and free minds were sweeping the world. freedom was breaking out in the southern hemisphere as well. the country where i was sitting just that very morning was itself only days old. in november of 1989, the same week the berlin wall came down, nubia had held its first election as an independent nation freed from the apartheid administration of south africa. this had come to pass in no small part because of leadership from the united states through the united nations. just days earlier, an awe-inspiring document had been drafted only a few blocks away from where i sat in vintook and the inspiration had been the marvel of free people everywhere and those who aspire to be free, the united states constitution. at that time i was in africa working for the foundation for democracy trying to ensure that nubia emerge

what used to be the soviet union. i got to learn to say russian n now.nk that the work of this agency and of the intelligence community through the years really probably will never get the credit that it deserves for affecting these changes. for your role in bringing about these changes and have presidents hopefully make informed decisions on the world we face, but we did manage to work out with yeltsin the treaty that finalized with many here one way or another that contributed to that does provide great hope for a better and safer world. so i'm very happy that we were able to conclude that treaty before i go back to houston, texas, on january 20th. but we can't fool ourselves. those who would challenge us, we're seeing it right now as we try to decide what we should do over in iraq, those who would challenge freedoms, gains, are many. and we continue to face threats in the world of terrorism where a lot of good work has been the anti-terrorist work and the intelligence contributing to that out here has been fantastic. many here are concerned about and

so when the soviet union collapsed, the need for a missile defense against the soviet attack obviously was deemed much less significant and support for the program waned and eventually when secretary aspen -- les aspen in 1993 decided to basically kill the program he said he took the stars out of star wars and that was the rough decade and the evolution of the program from the reagan conceptualized total defense against an attack by the soviet union to a point where it no longer had the space component that would have characterized a reagan program, but i do want to sort of summarize this very quick description of sdi with a brief description of where we've gotten today. in 1994 through the early part of the '20s, we had a much more limited vision of what a missile defense would do. it wouldn't deter an attack from a china or a rush a for example, but would be rather a theater-kind of concept to protect troops for the broad military assets and the like and that language was actually in u.s. policy at the time, a limited defense, but limited at the time that that was written characteriz

in opposing the soviet union, the country, he said, that rightly gave people nightmares. havel's odd appreciation for the values that too many of us might talk foror granted brought homeo me, an american in my mid 20s sitting therer in africa, the power ofle the american exampleo the whole world. and the humbling responsibilities that come with thatow power. it is no exact ration to say havel's disposition on democracy before congress that day inay is 1990 was a turning t in my civic education. havel similarly called out to the whole world from washington on that day in 1990 with grace and without rancor. but for one mistaken prophesy that, to me, now reads as tragic, especially inpe the context of the here and now. at the time as the wall fell and the soviet bloc that had been encased in stalinism thought, it was vogue among some historians, scholars and others to declare the end of history. that the big questions had been settled, that liberal democracy was triumph fall and inexorable and that the decline of the impulse to enslave whole countries was also inexorable. fr

they look at what happened with the soviet union. the soviet union was devastated by world war ii. war12 years later after the in 1957, they beat the united states in launching the first satellite. they must know something about how to get from zero to 60 really fast. this advantage was a huge threat to the west. kennedy realized we needed allies in the world. inhad traveled extensively the senate around the developing world, so he knew this was a big issue, that these countries were by sovietd by soviet propaganda. kennedy's political solution was brilliant. very clever guy. we were being one out by the soviets -- one upped by the soviets, so we moved the goalpost. you launched the first woman into space, so what? prove your system is better than ours by going to the moon. this is a memo president kennedy sent to vice president johnson. note the part in bold in paragraph one. is there any other which promises dramatic results in which we could win? going to the moon was the answer to that question. we knew that they would have to build a new, big booster. we were both going to hav

in the two years before the collapse of the soviet union, president bush and then soviet president mikhail gorbachev successfully negotiated a start nuclear warms treaty. under president george herbert walker bush we saw the largest deduction of nuclear weapons and mesh is -- and america is safer today because of it. if you want to see the respect ng -- enduring for for him, look at those attending his memorial service. mikhail gorbachev will thereby along with angela merkel who grew up in communist east germany. it's said the germans today credit george herbert walker bush more than any person for their successful reunification. he knew that america was stronger when we work with partner,, then we imagine we shall somehow go it alone. when iraqi troops innovated kuwait in 1990, george herbert walker bush methodically assembled a international coalition to push them back. he left his mark in domestic policy as well and fought for in 1990 signed the americans with disabilities act, one of the greatest civil rights laws in our nation's modern history. president bush was a committed servicema

the two years before the collapse of the soviet union president bush and mikhail gorbachev successfully started a nuclear arms treaty. george per bert walker bush, we saw the largest reduction in nuclear weapons in history and america and the world are safer today because of it. if you want to see the world's enduring respect for president bush, look at the statesman and stateswomen expected to attend his memorial service tomorrow at the national cathedral. among them mick makail gorbachev and angela murkle who grew up in communist east germany. it is said that the germans today credit george herbert walker bush more than any person for their successful reunification. he knew the -- he knew that america was stronger when we work with partners than when we imagine that we can somehow go it alone. when rocky troops invaded kuwait in 1990, george herbert walker bush had methodically assembled an international coalition to push them back. he left his mark on domestic policies as well. he fought for the americans with disabilities act, one of the greatest civil rights laws in our nation's mo

within a year of coming to office, the berlin wall had come down, the cold war was over, the soviet union was no more. but there were new uncertainties, notably iraq's annexation of kuwait in 1990. margaret thatcher told him to stand firm, apparently saying "this is no time to go wobbly, george." he didn't. iraq will not be permitted to annex kuwait. that is not a threat, not a boast, it is just the way it's going to be. a wide coalition was formed and operation desert storm began. the ground war would lastjust 100 hours, a decisive victory for american military expertise and superiority. i can report to the nation, aggression is defeated, the war is over. cheering. the victory provided americans with a feelgood factor, and the president's approval rating soared — briefly. with the us in a protracted and painful recession, it was not long before voters were demanding answers to their domestic woes. we are going to lift this nation out of hard times inch by inch and day by day, and those who would stop us had better step aside. and then came the fatal policy decision. he did what he vowed

do you regard the soviet union as an evil empire. >> i regard them as totally different from us.eeking out and spreading their form of aggression, but i also feel if we keep our country strong, we can deter that aggression. >>> in just a few minutes, a look at the toughest decision that president bush faced and what was at stake for the country. that skills like teamwork, attention to detail, and customer service are critical to business success. like the ones we teach here, every day. and customer service are critical to business success. but when i started seeing i knew aboutthings,emors. i didn't know what was happening... so i kept it in. he started believing things that weren't true. i knew something was wrong... but i didn't say a word. during the course of their disease around 50% of people with parkinson's may experience hallucinations or delusions. but now, doctors are prescribing nuplazid. the only fda approved medicine... proven to significantly reduce hallucinations and delusions related to parkinson's. don't take nuplazid if you are allergic to its ingredients. nupla