in those propaganda trips soviet cosmonauts served as ambassadors of peace, representing the soviet unionnd showcasing the soviet system in science and technology, and generally through selling the idea of communism around the world. that was something cosmonauts were not really prepared to do. they were not trained as lecturers, propagandists, they were trained as military pilots. it was really difficult for them to switch to a different mode of operation which actually interfered with their training as cosmonauts. they had to spend a lot of time on this propaganda trips and had to miss training sessions, miss studies, the engineering academy. so they really -- in order to be efficient propagandists for communism they had to really stop being active cosmonauts. but they still continue doing this not only because they were forced to do it but also because they saw it as an important step in propaganda of the space enterprise themselves. it was important to stress -- to obtain support for spaceflight from the soviet government. they had their own agenda in raising visibility of spaceflight

reading soviet history books. you would never see the ara you would never see the hoover relief mission. it's not there. so. that's one that's one factor on the soviet side on the american side. it's because of herbert hoover's disgrace his failing reputation after the great depression. and after he leaves office that his his work as the great humanitarian becomes obscured by the great depression americans don't want to hear about it anymore. even if they kind of knew about it so that say by the 1950s sixties. and certainly when i came on board studying history in the 1970s. people could barely remember this and again if you brought up herbert hoover, it was an awkward topic because he was the great depression guy. so because of that this story was in the archives waiting to be brought out and brought to life in a book in a film and that was my mission. you can watch this and other programs on the history of communities across the country at c-span.org cities tour. this is american history tv only on c-span 3. 100

cold war rivalry between the united states ande the soviet union. after 13 anxious days, the two nations reached a resolution, both aware of the danger of mutual destruction. it wasn't just a showdown between two rivals, it was a global crisis. the new book, "nuclear folly, "includes white house recordings from the john f. kennedy presidential library and previously classified kgb records in moscow. sergei is the professor of ukrainian history and director of the ukrainian research institute at harvard university, a leading authority on eastern europe and russia. he's published extensively on the international history of the cold war. his award-winning books include the last empire, the gates of europe and cher known. our moderator for today's discussion is michael dobbs. dobbs was born and educated in britain but is now a u.s. citizen. he was a longtime reporter for "the washington post" covering the collapse of communism as a foreign or correspondent. he's written several books including one minute to midnight which was a new york times bestseller

union. 27000000 soviet citizens died. 14000000 of them were civilians. the opening ceremony of the special ed submission in berlin, german president, franklin sustained my a paid tribute to them. the daughter taking the weight on the german war against the soviet union was murderous barbarity. as difficult as we may find it, we must call this mind and then remembering this inferno absolute enmity and the act of dehumanizing the other in the long run visas and found on absolute remembering. this continues to be an obligation for us, germans and long life. and memorials before the world, when david and mamma, according to stein maia, germany has so too long, failed to recognize the many victims in the occupied east. that the nazis took almost $6000000.00 soviet prisoners of war over the course of 4 years. they were treated brutally, they were executed, our staff to death. more than 3000000 soviet prisoners of war died, making them one of the largest group of nazi victims. but in berlin, the ongoing conflict between russia and ukraine overshadowed the comme

the nazis took some 5700000 soviet prisoners of war. over the course of 4 years is estimated that more than 3000000 soviet p o w died, making them one of the largest groups of nazi victims. and germany as president has been a marketing that somber anniversary. here in berlin front. by the time i attended the ceremony at the german russian museum in the capital in his speech stunned my address criticism from former soviet republics that ukraine has been that dead victim millions of victims in world war 2 were neglect, neglected by germany in the common ration activities that install, that was the act of remembrance, if not carried out, carefully, could themselves lead to new divisions. me. it was as organ dusty and i'm very concerned that the painful history we are remembering today is in itself increasingly becoming the source of aaliyah nation. so come on and crammed on 5th, then the bricks of when looking back means focusing solely on our own national perspective. when the exchange on different perspectives on remembrance comes to a h

the nazis took some 5700000 soviet prisoners war. over the course of 4 years estimated that more than 3000000 soviet p o w died, making them one of the largest groups of nazi victims and germany president has been marking that somewhere anniversary. here in berlin today. frank frank, by the stand by i attended a ceremony at the german russian museum in the capital in his speech. done my address criticism from forms soviets, republics, like the frame and values that them millions of victims in world war 2, many collected by germany and the common ration activities. presidents don my award that acts of remembrance, if not carried out, carefully, could themselves lead to new divisions. for me, it was as organs as the lightfoot. i am very concerned that the painful history we are remembering today is increasingly becoming a source of alienation in itself. than the bricks. when our view of history, i'm reduced to a single perspective when there was no longer an exchange about the different perspectives of a historical event. the survey go

first brown first brown insisted that the soviets released all american political prisoners held in soviet jails, which they did. brown also demanded that the ara would work according to their standard procedures, which were somewhat foreign to the brown communists. brown insisted that the soviets must permit ara workers free movement within the country, exemption from searches, protection from arrest and the ara would distribute food based solely on need. russian workers would be hired solely on the basis of talent. these conditions were difficult for the communists as nothing in russia was done based on merit or need. the ara would also pay for food and its transportation to the russian border, and at that point the soviet governor would pay for storage and transportation for where it was in needed. in turn the ara promised to abstain from political activities in russia. the soviet and russian americans signed the treaty of riga which denied the reliability of ru each each party met its promises. haskell reported that everything in russia seems to be old, broken, worn out and gutted. not

we think he might be a soviet soldier because of the brute she's wearing. the boots are folded over the germs don't usually have. she must have dined right here. there is lots of shrapnel all over his body. $945.00, so intensely heavy fighting for the ceiling height. the soviet troops advanced on berlin. more than 12000 german soldiers died in combat. and the red army lot more than 20000 men. to me cuz only under fun with shifting the 6 minus goes us men, of course on mine goes for the 5th sides and creek of funding for the northland company from lloyd nuns in your vote on ish i and that's when his daughter field swenson depend on us it's fine folks, vision fallen to be shifting with him ships and his course for mission. i need to get point to get you to know because i don't believe a few. ah, when in 992 russian diggers invited their german counterparts to join them to look for missing soldiers, albert down to the court and was one of the 1st to visit russia. he later lost his own group to recover the fallen in eastern europe and now his crew consists of t

period and where they were in 1991 when the soviet union collapsed. over time it has become less dependent on revenue from oil exports. i don't want to overstate that but they are having diversification to modest effect. that affects as a percentage of revenue over time has been a result people like mitt romney and john mccain think of the source the comparisons when they dismiss russia is not appear power. and with gdp in trillions of us dollars and it is a proxy for europe in general only when they wouldn't want that anymore. but in terms of population especially of china is less than half and in the united kingdom that with military spending another common thing that we looked at is a proxy for global power influence in us dollars, 2018. russia is one tenth of what the west does. one quarter of what china does and what united kingdom spends. so russia gets more for its money even though spending and adjusted dollars it looks roughly the same that - - but reviewing some of those measures. if by these conventional measures that are rough estimates ar

which -- soviet jails, which they did. brown also demanded that the ara would work according to their standard procedures, which were somewhat foreign to the communists. brown insisted that the soviets must permit ara workers, free movement within the country, exemption from services, protection from arrest, and the ara would distribute food based solely on need. and russian workers would be hired solely on the basis of talent. these conditions were difficult for the communists as nothing in russia was done based on mer et -- merit or need. the ara would pay for food in it transportation to the russian board, and at that point, soviet government would pay for storage and transportation for where it was needed. in return, the ara promised to abstain from political activities in russia. the american and soviet representative signed the treaty of riga that defined the ara's responsibility in russia. for the most part, each side complied with their promises. hoover selected haskell, a competent military man. haskell reported t

then he would pattern of government after that of the soviet union.f kennedy's bold new programs was the peace corps. here, he tells its purpose it hone words after signing the bill. i >> have today signed a executive order, providing the establishment of a peace corps on a temporary pilot basis. it's coal will be approved of trained men and women overseas by the united states government. wildes providence the two sons and organizations helped their urgent need to skilled man power. we will send americans abroad who are qualified to do a job. we're going to put particular emphasis on those men and women who have skills and teaching. i agriculture, an empowerment. i'm hopeful that it will be a source of satisfaction for americans and a contribution to world peace. >> kennedy implemented his plan to help foreign countries economically by naming george to administer a food for peace program. under his direction, the agriculture departments and tons upon tons of food to the nations who need your strength to remain independent and free. kennedy yearlong em

the nazis took some 5700000 soviet prisoners of war. over the course of 4 years estimated that more than $3000000.00 soviet p o w died, making the more of the largest groups of nazi victims. and germany's president has been marketing that somebody of us were here in berlin front. by the time i send it to the ceremony at the german russian museum in the capital, in his speech stunned my address criticism from former soviet republics side refrain and been a ruse that there are millions of victims in world war 2. when elected by germany. in the common ration activity, president stanley, i want the act of remembrance, if not carried out, carefully could themselves lead to new division each month. i mean, it was the organ does the live for the i am very concerned that the painful history we are remembering today is increasingly becoming a source of alienation in itself than the bricks. when our view of history, i'm reduced to a single perspective. when there are no longer an exchange about the different perspectives of a historical event, th

yeah, it was still early days for the soviets.lled thejews. but in their own archives, their own lithuanian archives in siauliai, when he was district chief of siauliai during the nazi occupation, he wrote about 1,000 documents. of those 1,000, 70 have to do with the holocaust. so, his signature is on, you know, 70 of the documents that have to do with the holocaust. creating a ghetto, funding, rounding up thejews, collecting their property, distributing their property, and even details of, like, finding barbed wire and nails for a ghetto. so, um, to me, this is pretty overwhelming! well, the whole story's overwhelming. i mean, here you sit as an american, but of course with lithuanian heritage. lithuania, this country that means so much to you, still, it seems to me, doesn't want to hear your story. you fought this court case to get the plaque honouring your grandfather taken of the academy of sciences. you lost the case and the plaque was vandalised, but it has been replaced by the authorities, so it still sits there. there's st

the soviet union -- i feel the narrative of the soviet union of the bolsheviks, that is the not the animal. that's why we have pom tettive authoritarianism like democracy, but it's not clear the history of no experience with democracy is going to say about the future. [inaudible] -- repression and -- i think what is important for me in think about the book was the role of history in defining contemporary theory. this is a fantastic book for someone like me, who want to learn about russia. thanks a lot for the invitation. >> thank you, vicki, for those insights and comments and questions. tim you have five minutes to respond to all these questions. i'll ask that you respond to the most difficult questions first. >> thanks a lot. first, really terrific set of comments. this is the first book panel that i've done, and it's really terrific to get these comments. some of which i anticipated in the writing and some that are new. let me start with keith's comment about why his discourse is so debased on russia and there is a lot of that debate lurking in the browns in the book and i don't really

here in russia, there was a soviet airfield nearby. these forests and fields where the sight of fierce battles around a 1000000 soviets soldiers died. protecting moscow from nazi forces between 1941 and 42. many of them went missing in action. kelly and stacy digs in her free time. the work can be dangerous. it's lucky. galena is a trained bomb diffuser for the russian emergency services. sometimes she find shrapnel and old mines, but there are also human remains under the roots. a boom, the round is filled with war. the earth hides all these interesting secrets and traces of past remains of people and traces of vehicles who just imagine were walking around this wonderful forest. girls and boys are picking berries and there's a golf sticking out of a trench that shouldn't be normal. it doesn't say on the skull, whether it's russian or german, it has to be buried no matter what. over 40 years, the digging colleena has made many fines. she has collected them in a museum called a soldier's fate in her hometown of opium, south west of mosc

the germans also treated soviet prisoners of war brutally. they were executed or starved or died on forced marches from the front. the nazis took some 5700000 soviet prisoners of war over the course of 4 years. the estimated that more than 3000000 soviet p o w died, making them one of the largest groups of nazi victims. step by step, combing the forest for traces of the war. you may have good news. this is an empty cartridge from a german plains. that means it fell down here while the plane was shooting from i looked for 40 years now galena study has been searching the area in her home region with a metal detector. she often comes with her husband to look for remnants from what is known. the great patriotic war here in russia, there was a soviet air field nearby. these forests and fields were the sight of fierce battles. around a 1000000 soviet soldiers died, protecting moscow from nazi forces between 1941 and 42. many of them went missing in action. galena states that he did in her free time, the work can be dangerous. it's lucky. galena is

you gave me a book with one of the best known soviet multics lisa mariners. he commanded the shell for 6 submarine, and after his very 1st mission was awarded the hero of the soviet union, metal pic, thank several enemy vessels in may, 943. the shell 4 o 6 left on its 3rd mission with 37 crewmen aboard. never to return. no one knew what happened to it. went to look historic muscle seems to the community who put them on your store. and yes, look at the post to give it a lot or throw on the video. and then the other one, you can chris, do you want them? i knew it was much more no more. no more busy each in year or is traffic problem before the minute on, you know, and if not, you know, preferred to shut it off. i just picked him up. i was not able to what's your thought been up in your mind of? got on the hook. i'm a local law office . several days of searching the crew did find a sunken world war to submarine. but it wasn't us above i bought it. we find one soldier. we think he might be a soviet soldier because of the brute she's wearing the boots or folded th

the soviets managed but no one's all the spacecraft. soviets didn't announce and they also didn't let anybody see the launch. they didn't even reveal where the launchpad was. but all of this was surrounded in sort of typical where they would do this in the plain light of day so when american rockets were exploding on the launchpad and going awry in the sea instead of in space, it was there for all the world to see. the flipside of that is when the americans triumphed and sent him around the world three times. the rest of the world came along for that ride as well and got to launch the watch -- watch the launch and they got to see the splashdown and participate in the celebration. a lot of the international commentary focused on this contrast between the two systems. >> is it just because he's a good political judge and saw somebody he recognized from his own background? they do latch onto glenn not only as an american but as a democrat and a partisan figure they try to entice into politics. >> kennedy understood the space as a symbol an

a soviet troops advanced on berlin. more than 12000 german soldiers died in combat, and the red army lost more than 20000 men. to me, cuz only under fung, i'm shifting the 6 minus scores for both men, of course and mine was thought fit on the sides stall and creak of funding for the northland company from lloyd nuns in your vote on ish i. and that's when his daughter m fields wanting the term on us. it's fine folks get fallen to be shifted with him shifts and his course father's for mission. i need to get point to get you to know. these are all i don't loose fuel and, ah, when in 992 russian diggers invited the german counterparts to join them to look the missing soldiers l breast onto the court and was one of the 1st to visit russia . he later lost his own group to recover the fall in eastern europe and now his crew consists of the germans dutch ukrainians swiss and russians. the grand children of former enemies. now working together. oh yeah. you should have the thermostat taken up early in the start a little by littl

the germans also treated soviet prisoners of war extremely brutally. they were executed, starve though died on forced marches from the front lines. the northeast took some 5700000. so get prisoners of war over the course of 4 years. it's estimated that more than 3000000 soviet p o w died, making one of the largest groups of nazi victims. germany is president, has been marketing that somebody investor here in berlin front by the stein maya, attended the ceremony. german russian museum in the capital. in his speech, start my address criticism from former soviet republics, but ukraine and bella rufe, that them millions of victims in world war 2 were neglected by germany in the combination activities that installed my war. that acts of remembrance i have not carried out can slip, could themselves lead to new divisions each month. i mean, it was organ to see, lightfoot, i am very concerned that the painful history we are remembering today is increasingly becoming a source of alienation in itself than the brick work. when our view of history, i'm reduced to

a soviet troops advanced on berlin . more than 12000 german soldiers died in combat. and the red army lot more than 20000 men. to me, cuz only us under fung, i'm shifting the 6 minus scores for us. men of course on mine goes for the 5th sides and creek of funding for the northland company on lloyd. not in your vote on ish i because it's when it's thought i'm feeling something depend on us. it's fine folks we should get fallen to be shifted with him 6. i'm and his course fathers for mission. i need to get point to get any, it's a no because all i don't loose fuel and, ah, when in 992 russian diggers invited dead german counterparts to join them to look for missing soldiers, albert down to the court and was one of the 1st to visit russia, he later launched his own group to recover the fallen in eastern europe. and now his crew consists of germans dutch ukrainians, swiss and russians. the grand children of former enemies. now working together. yeah, we should have the thermostat in those a little by little fatty, so within your elbow thing was unless you phone expedia to

the soviet troops advanced on berlin. more than 12000 german soldiers died in combat, and the red army lost more than 20000 men. to me, cuz only under fung, i'm shifting the $600.00 minus schools for the us. men of course on mine goes for the fed alicia sides and creek abuse funding for the northland of its company from lloyd nuns in york, varnish i and that's when his daughter i'm feeling once in 10 minutes it's fine. physician fallen to be shifted with him shifts and his clothes, father's for mission. i need to get a little point to get any thoughts or no, i don't do a few. ah, when in 1992 russian diggers invited the german counterpart to join them to look for missing soldiers, l breast onto the court. that was one of the 1st to visit russia in the later lost his own group to recover the fall in eastern europe. and now his crew consists of germans dutch ukrainians, swiss and russians. the grand children of former enemies. now working together. oh, yeah. little point should have taken up early in the start, a little fig

you look back on a soviet childhood brother. it tells with irony about a country called between times one well then and can be found in school books, where a cations are taken in distant soviet republics, where a little girl having her photo taken with a camel, has to suck in her tummy. and when you learn to play the piano without a piano, a childhood in poverty and austerity in a post soviet culture that helped shape the country to this day, me up when you didn't come about by accident. rather he's a product of the soviet system. and that's where he gets his power. just power is just the feeling. it's a very interesting dilution. wilkins, the transformation of power in the former soviet union from the communist party to a state or the khaki is the subject of victor. much of which novel revolution. it's the comical and turbulent story of a naive and out of touch architecture lecturer, who gets blackmailed by the mafia as he times the korea letter he's forced to complete assignments. so once critical spirit becomes a cynical and

you look back on a soviet childhood. rather, it tells with irony about a country called between times one well then and can be found in school books where patients are taken in distant soviet republics, where a little girl having her photo taken with a camel, has just sucking her tummy and what you learn to play the piano without a piano, a child, poverty and austerity in a post soviet culture that's helped shape the country to this day. me up when you didn't come about by accident or rather he's a product of the soviet system and that's where he gets how i get power. is that the feeling? it's a very interesting which, and we came to the transformation of power in the former soviet union from the communist party to a matthew states oligarchy is the subject of victor martinez, which novel revolution. it's the comical and turbulent story of a naive and out of touch architecture lecturer, who gets blackmailed by the mafia. as he climbs the korea letter, he's forced to complete assignments. so once critical spirit becomes a

and the nazis took some 5700000 soviet prisoners of war. over the course of 4 years. it's estimated that more than 3000000 soviet prisoners of war died, making them one of the largest groups of nazi victims. and germany's president has been marking that sombre anniversary here in berlin. from valentine, my, i attended a ceremony at the russian german russian museum in his speech di, my address criticism from former soviet republics like ukraine and batteries, that there are millions of victims in world war 2 were neglected by germany in the commemoration activities. president diner warned that acts of remembrance, if not carried out carefully, could themselves lead to new divisions. if you love me, i was as organ does the light for i am very concerned that the painful history we are remembering today is increasingly becoming a source of alienation in itself than the bricks. when our view of history reduced to a single perspective, then there was no longer an exchange about the different perspectives of a historical event. all sorts of i got such an exchange is rejecte

he grew up in the soviet style apartment when ukraine was part of the ussr and claims that president vladimir putin has imperial ambitions for russia to controls it neighbors once again. >> they don't want to make us free. yes to be the independent country. >> reporter: the u.s. is supporting ukraine with money, weapons and training. but what he really wants is america's backing to join nato, giving his country more protection from russia. >> speak about nato with us. propose us. >> reporter: in the u.s. there are fears nato membership for i relations but froms it friends. many ukrainians have little hope the summit between presidents biden and putin will change anything here on the bloody battlefield that has divided their nation. >>> president biden's meeting with russian president putin marks a new chapter in the complicated history between ukraine and russia. >> reporter: even at the peak of the cold war u.s. and russian leaders met often for frank discussions. long time observers agree the relationship is at a low point, but at least the leaders are still talking. >> the confere

you gave me a book with one of the best known soviet baltic lisa mariners. he commanded the shell for 6 submarine, and after his very 1st mission was awarded the hero of the soviet union, metal fixed, thank several enemy vessels. mm . in may 943, the shell, 4 o 6 left on its 3rd mission with 37 crewmen aboard. never to return. no one knew what happened to it. where to look historical muscle seems to be put on your store . and yes, we could possibly give it to you or throw a credit on the lender. keeler. by the way, you can chris, do you want them to look at? i knew it was much more no more. no more each you know, if the problem the for the minute on you know, and if not, you know, preferred shop the finance. we just beat him up at the i mean what sheila moved them up in your mind of got on the hook. i'm a local law office several days of searching the crew did find a sunken world war to submarine. but it wasn't us above i was in we find one soldier. we think he might be a soldier because of the booty wearing the boots or folded the top of his rollover germs.

there was a soviet airfield nearby.hese forests and fields where the sight of -- the site of fierce battles. they died protecting moscow from nazi forces between 1941 and 19 42. many of them meant sing -- missing in action. she digs in her free time. it can be dangerous. it is lucky she is a trained bomb diffuser. sometimes see finds -- she finds shrapnel. >> the earth hides all these interesting secrets and traces of past. remains of people and traces of vehicles. just imagine, we are walking along this wonderful forest, and there's a skull out of a trench. it does not say whether it is russian or german. it has to be. no matter what. -- it has to be buried no matter what. reporter: she has made many finds. she has collected them in a museum called a soldier's fate, in her hometown southwest of moscow. three years ago she found a bomber in a nearby swamp. the remains of three soldiers were inside. using archival information, she's finally managed to find the relatives of two of them. today, the commander of the plane's

khrushchev's insistence on a soviet veto led mr.ess disappointment. >> in short, our hopes for and -- an end to nuclear tests and nuclear weapons, for some slowing down of the arms race, have been struck a serious blow, but our most constructive talks were on the subject of germany and berlin. i made it clear to mr. khrushchev that the security of western europe and therefore our own security are deeply involved in our access to west berlin. and we are determined to maintain those rights anywhere and meet our obligation to the people of west berlin and their right to choose their own future. >> president kennedy himself drew the balance of his meeting with president khrushchev. >> i will tell you now it was a very sober two days. there was no discourtesy, loss of tempers, no threats or ultimatums by other side. no advantage of concession was either gained or given. no major decision was planned or taken. no spectacular progress was either achieved or pretended. >> london was the last stop on the president's journey. here, mr. kenned

narrator: the second meeting was held at the soviet intimacy. america's desire on nuclear test controls and disarmament. mr. cruz jeff insisted on a veto of controls, and led mr. kennedy to express disappointment. president kennedy: in short, our hopes for an end to nuclear test in an end to the spread of nuclear weapons and a slowing down of the arms race have been struck a serious blow. but our most somber talks were on the subject of berlin. i made it clear to mr. cruz jeff desk mr. kruschev that we are deeply involved in our attitude toward west berlin. [indiscernible] and we are determined to maintain those rights, and thus our obligation to the people of west berlin who would like to choose their own future. narrator: james president kenny to describe his meetings. president kennedy: there were no loss of tempers, threats or ultimatums by other side. no advantage or concession was either gained or given. no major decision was either planned or taken. no spectacular progress was either achieved or pretended. narrator: london was the last st

we spoke for three hours, he asked me question after question about the soviet union, the soviet youthhe religion, their education when they got married and they had an apartment what was it like with in-laws he wanted to know everything about the soviet union which was our principal adversary in the midst of the cold war. after we spoke for three hours he put his arm on my shoulder as we walked out, he said by the way how would you like to work for cbs. it took me all of three seconds to say yes, sir, i will be here and that's the way that he hired the deep description's of him is so perfect and he did look as he carried the weight of the world on his shoulders and he probably felt that way too. but he felt that he had an obligation to convey reality, no matter how tough it might be to air to the american people and they will decide and what it is they have done. your job as a reporter to provide information they commend you to use information as they chose. >> you mentioned that dick spoke german and you speak russian and the russian studies as is your wife madalyn, tell us about the

here in russia, there was a soviet air field nearby. these forests and fields were the sight of fierce battles. around a 1000000 soviet soldiers died, protecting moscow from nazi forces between 1941 and 42. many of them went missing in action. galena states that event digs in her free time. the work can be dangerous. it's lucky. galena is a trained bomb diffuser for the russian emergency services. sometimes she finds shrapnel and old mines, but there are also human remains under the roots. within the boom, around is filled with war. the earth hides all these interesting secrets and traces of the past remains of people and traces of vehicles. just imagine walking around this wonderful forest, girls and boys are picking berries and there's a skull sticking out of a trench that shouldn't be normal. it doesn't say on the skull, whether it's russian or german, it has to be buried no matter what. over 40 years of digging colleena has made many fines. she has collected them in a museum called a soldier's fate in her hometown of opium, south we

you're off with one of the best known soviet multics lisa mariners. he commanded the shell for 6 submarine, and after his very 1st mission was awarded the hero of the soviet union metal pic, thank several enemy vessels. me in may 943. the shell, 4 o 6 left on its 3rd mission with 37 crewmen aboard. never to return. no one knew what happened to it. all went to look historic muscle fields give the community bringing on your store. and yes, look a need to give a lot to you or throw a couple of videos. and then you reveal it by the way you can customize them. i knew what i thought was most. no, no, i'm going to throw you traffic problem before the minute annoyed. and if not most preferred shots for us. we just need to move to what sheila moved them up in your mind, kicked up on the hoods from all the office, several days of searching the crew did find a sunken world war to submarine, but it wasn't us off. i love the way we find one soldier. we think he might be a soldier because of the brute she's wearing. the boots are folded the top is rolled over. the

rather, he's a product of the soviet system. and that's where he gets his and how i just power the feeling. it's a very interesting the which will book instinct. the transformation of power in the former soviet union from the communist party to a matthew site or the coffee is the subject of victor. much of which novel revolution, it's the comical and turbulent story of a naive and out of touch architecture lecturer, who gets blackmailed by the messier. as he climbs the korea letter, he's forced to complete assignments. so once critical spirit becomes a cynical and brutal servant of a secret order, the book is set in a symbolic moscow. but during the recent protest, it became a manifesto of resistance. for many bella, russians. sure, a huge portion, bella, lucy and russia are very similar. we have both decided to make a soviet legacy, the new ideology in these countries, everything is built on the ideals darling, invented for which there are many similarities. and when i talk about moscow at the turn of the century, i am of cours

film by -- shows highlights of the trip including meetings with shelved ago, two days of talks with soviet troops -- uk the crew chief and piano. and the stop in london to meet with harold mcmillon, british prime minister. >> at his inauguration as president of the united states in january 1961, john f. kennedy said. >> so that i begin a new, civility is not a sign of weakness. and sincerity is always subject to proof. ♪ ♪ ♪ from the white house in washington on june 6th 1961, president kennedy spoke to the american people. >> good evening, my fellow citizens. i return this morning from a weeklong trip to europe, and i want to report to you on that trip in full. it was, in every sense, and unforgettable experience. [noise] >> presidential plane landed in paris. charles de gaulle met the american executives. mr. kennedy explains his journey in his words, to aims of our american policy above all others, or the reason for the trip. the unity of the rerolled, who strength benefits, and eventually human everlasting peace. all in freedom. . >> madam gold, mrs. kennedy, french government leaders

rather, he's of the soviet system. and that's where he can, how can power the feeling? it's a very interesting pollution. we came to the transformation of power in the former soviet union from the communist party to a state protocol. p is the subject of victor, martina, which novel revolution. it's the comical and turbulent story of a naive and out of touch architecture lecturer, who gets blackmailed by the messier, as he times the korea letter he's forced to complete assignments. so once critical spirit becomes a cynical and fruitful 7th of a secret order, the book is set in a symbolic moscow. but during the recent protest, it became a manifesto of resistance. for many bella, russians. sure, a huge portion bella and russia are very similar. we have both decided to make a post soviet to see the new ideology in these countries. everything is still on the ideals in inventing from ocean. there are many similarities. and when i talk about moscow at the turn of the century, i am of course, also talking about minutes. many people have come to realize, especially during this r