stanton, secretary of war. he's a democrat at the start of the war, but he becomes one of the the leading radicals. in fact, so much so, so important to the movement that his service as secretary of war comes despite the issue during the administration of ann true johnson, his effort to fire stanton as secretary of war is what culminates in johnson's impeachment and his near removal, the failure to removal -- [inaudible] so i want to say that the radicals are present, and they are present behind the scenes of sherman's order 15. and that was actually kind of the typical place to find not so much lynch, but a typical place to find ed stanton who had a reputation during the war as a manipulator, as a backroom operative, as a sneaky radical who puts his mark without letting his face be seen. he is, of course, one of the more famous members of the lincoln administration. and many of you may be familiar with lincoln's famous statement about how important stanton's services were to him as stanton was his rock, and wi

traditional, as stanton remembered it, on matters of gender. the famous story that she told was that when she was 11, her last brother died, she crawled into her father's lap seeking to give and receive comfort and he put his arm around her and said -- my daughter, i wish you were a boy. and they groans at that sting of the remark is certainly something many women feel. but it's not actually in a rational comment for a father of a brilliant daughter who recognized her life was going to be quite limited by the time and place in which she lived. there were not very many options for a wealthy young women -- woman born in 1915. she got the best education she could for girls, but she was always resentful that she didn't get to go to college with the themafter handily beating in all subjects in grade school. she took that resentment with her in making a life that was devoted to challenging all the many ways, and you will hear this said many times tonight, not really suffrage, always she spoke -- he felt that women's spirits were crushed and their liv

although did stanton say? then it must be true. [laughter] and describe that amazing unpopularity. and with that emergency and then to be unpopular to every moment and every interaction and to preserve the union. and that backdoor operator. and then did so much to advance the idea especially to serve in the united states army. and that's to the full rights of citizens. and even before he became secretary of four that he should serve but how best they should be served or drilled or how the company should be formed and how they should dress. and in this particular one he showed to be pragmatic and advocating that black men wear pantaloons. and with that french style uniform and then the red pantaloons it in the military context. [laughter] so no white soldiers but that we could get them to wear them. not that has an untimely element of luck but in those places that come early with the confederacy but in most cases the united states was losing but in excess of our name and the confederate navy and to be easy to claim georgia and south carolina and florida. and then to be in november o

in one of the speakers that the academy of music that evening was henry stanton. a man with it and chop whiskers deep set eyes, a writer performer and abolitionist brain he was married to elisabeth cady stanton. one of the women's rights activist who a few years earlier had attended the convention in seneca falls urging women's right to vote printed on this night, mature stanton offered his vision of the sinks of the election. whether or not western territories would be row and for what he called the curse of human slavery. stanton said he was certain that the republican presidential candidate was protestant. but he also said it didn't matter. i would rather be rolled over to the next four years by a liberty, loving catholic. he was treated the union via slavery loving protestant with default to freedom. in free soil and humanity in the crowd applauded. when election arrived, stanton said we will touch those course which will vibrate down the fist of the future in which will not cease to reverberate until the good or evil and it shall cease to exist. that weekend,

and one there was henry stanton. with he was married to katie stanton, one.omen's rights activists who a few years earlier had attended a convention at seneca falls, urging women's right to vote. and the stakes of the election, whether or not western territories would be ruined by what he called the curse of human slavery. stanton said he was certain the republican presidential candidate was protestant, but he also said it didn't matter. i'd rather be ruled over for the next four years by a liberty loving catholic, who is true to the union than by a slavery loving protestant who is false to freedom, and free soil, and humanity. the crowd applauded. when election day arrived, stanton said we'll church those chords which will vibrate down the future and not cease to reverberate, good and evil the republic will cease to exit. sunday, november 2, that weekend, jessie wrote a letter to her best friend, lizzie lee. jessie was so convinced that democratic post masters were reading her mail, like a hack at the dnc or something. [laughter] >> that she facetiously wrot

stanton, a man with whiskers and deep set eyes, a writer, reformer and abolitionist. he was married to elizabeth stan topton, one -- elizabeth stanton, who had attended a convention undering women's right to vote -- urging women's right to vote. stanton talked about whether or not western territories would be ruined by hah -- by what he called the curse of human slavery. he was certain the republican presidential candidate was protestant but he also said it didn't matter. i would rather be ruled over for the next four years by a liberty loving catholic who is true to the union than by a slavery loving protestant who is false to freedom. and free soil. and humanity. the crowd applauded. when election day arrived stanton said we will touch those chords which will vibrate down the vista of the future and will not cease to reverberate until good or evil the republic shall cease to exist. that weekend, it was sunday, november 2. jessie wrote a letter to her best friend lizzy lee. she remained so certain that democratic postmasters were reading her mail, like a hack at the

one of the speakers at the academy of music that eating was henry b stanton, the man with mutton chopwhiskers and deep set eyes, a writer reform and abolitionist vicki was married to elizabeth cady stanton, one of the women's rights activists who a few years earlier had attended the convention at seneca falls urging women's rights to vote. on this night mr. stanton offered his vision of the stakes of the election, whether not western territories would be ruined by what he called the curse of human slavery. stanton said he was certain the republican presidential candidate was protestant, but he also said it didn't matter. i would rather be ruled over for the next four years by a liberty loving catholic who is to do the union than by slavery loving protestant. the crowd applauded. when election to arise stanton said we will touch of those courts which will vibrate down the best of the future and which will not cease to reverberate until good or evil the republic shall cease to exist. that weekend it was sunday, november 2, jessie wrote a letter to her best friend lucy. just means of cer

stanton.a reformer and abolitionist married to elizabeth cady stanton one of the women's rights activists who attended a convention in seneca falls urging the right to vote and on this night offered his vision of the stakes of the election whether or not the territories would be ruined by what he called the curse of human slavery. but he also said it didn't matter. i would rather be ruled over for the next four years by the liberty loving catholic true to the union then by a slavery loving protestant falls. the crowd applauded. stanton said we won't touch those that will vibrate down the vista of the future an and what seems to reverberate until good or evil the republic shall cease that weekend it was a sunday, november 2. jesse wrote a letter to a best friend and remained so certain the democratic postmasters were reading her mail and like a hack in the dnc or something that she ferociously wrote on the inside of the letter, postmaster please send as soon as red to mrs. lee. .. >> a northern

stanton with mutton chop whiskers and the abolitionist married to elizabeth cady stanton a few monthsearlier attended a convention with women's right to vote mr. stanton offered his vision whether or not western territories would be ruined but by what he calls the curse of human slavery that it was protestant and also said it didn't matter. would rather be ruled over for the next four years by liberty loving catholic and then free soil. and when election day arrived to say those which will vibrate and sees to reverberate. and then wrote his best he remains so certain those pat postmasters were reading her mail like a hack at the dnc that she facetiously wrote on the inside postmaster please send as soon as red. to the lady she said i don't dare say anything more that we made these successful telegraphs will do the rest. 1845 congress passed a law sweeping away an old practice were they voted over a series of weeks and then two days later telegraph wires would bring results across the country and to be collected and counted. we know the end of the story because fremont did not become p

elizabeth cady stanton has yet died but one women is still surviving 102 years old from seneca falls lived all her life and only two houses that she went with her father to the seneca falls convention when she is 102 she is taken to the polls to vote. >> i hate to jump over the gettysburg address but that doesn't have a strong new york angle tell us about the statue and the plaque. >> yes. the statue of liberty was a gift to this country from france. it was a gift from a particular slice of a french nation. wringing your hands over american politics look at france sometime. [laughter] they really always have a tougher time than we have. they are reactionaries and so much further left than ours but there has always been in france a centrist liberal strain which has honestly admired republicanism to sustain the american revolution. and pushed for republicanism in france. lafayette the most famous of the beginning so during the second empire napoleons nephew in the middle of the 19th century as an authoritarian state as one of the liberals named edward is very interested and favors the

elizabeth cady stanton has yet died but one women is still surviving 102 years old from seneca falls lived all her life and only two houses that she went with her father to the seneca falls convention when she is 102 she is taken to the polls to vote. >> i hate to jump over the gettysburg address but that doesn't have a strong new york angle tell us about the statue and the plaque. >> yes. the statue of >> the statue of liberty was a gift to this country from france, and it was a gift from a particular slice of the french nation. when you wring your hands over american politics, look at france sometimes. [laughing] today they really have always had a a tougher time than we h. they are reactionaries. there's been, so much for thend left than ours but there's always been, in france from the 18th centuryn on, a kind of centrist liberal strain which is honestly admired american republicanism. it's proud of its role in sustaining the american revolution. and pushed for republicanism in france. >> lafayette. >> lafayette is right. he's the most famous at the beginning of it. de tocqueville

stanton and anthony and the founding mothers were dead by then and this split had lost everybody time and energy. so she, alice paul, worked with the national american women's suffrage association. the two factions after the civil war had finally come back together. and formed this overriding major group. carrie chatman and anna shaw were the leaders and they let alice paul set up a washington office like ngo's do. this is across the square from where we are now. it has a light yellow facade. one of the facades preserved by jackie kennedy and now the court structure rises up behind it. originally it was the congressional office, the lobbying arm of the national american woman's suffrage association and from the beginning alice paul went rogue and she started publishing a competing newsletter and went out and sought her own money and finally the national american women's suffrage association kicked her out and told her they were already nervous about her tactics and said if you're going to pursue this pank hurst modelled aggressive stance, you can't do it under the umbrella of the nati

the original suffragists and you know their name, elizabeth katie stanton, lucy anthony, susy stone, they were abolitionists and they came to suffragist because they wanted on ol is done without the vote. there were major women's rights advocates across the board. when -- after the civil war the reconstruction amendments were passed and they enfranchised black men but no women. there were people like lucy stone and julia ward howe who said we're abolitionist and we'll take this and we'll fight for women next and there were people like elizabeth katie hanson and susan b. anthony who said if we don't get this now and we can't support the 15th amendment if it doesn't include women. so it was a huge split. and they started tearing -- formed competing organizations and tore each other down in the press. but also they continued on two separate avenues for getting passed. with the stanton and anthony fashion pushing the federal amendment and the stone howe blackwell faction pushing a state by state strategy. because the reconstruction amendments had been hailed as former overreach by the fo

in january of 1865, the secretary of war, edward stanton and general william sherman had a meeting with 20 preachers in savannah, georgia. they were preachers, pastors, lay church leaders and they wanted to find out from these preachers basically what is it that the freed people wanted from freedom? what did they expect? and what did they expect in the aftermath of the emancipation proclamation? who wasp of 20 people ostensibly representative of freed black folks in the community selected garrison frazier, a 67-year-old man to be the representative of the community. to speak for them. --eral sherman asked him what did he understand freedom to me especially in light of the emancipation proclamation? and he said taking us from under the yoke of bondage and lacing us where we can reap the fruit of our labor, take care of us, and a cyst the government in maintaining our freedom. you can hear some of the language from the emancipation proclamation. assisting the government in maintaining freedom. people who were emancipated serving in the military, go to work and do that diligently. he is re

january of 1865 edwin stanton, secretary of war, and union general william sherman had a meeting with 20 preachers in savannah, georgia. they were pastors, lay church leaders. they wanted to find out from these preachers basically what is it that free people want from freedom? what did they expect in the aftermath of the emancipation proclamation? people who were ostensibly representatives of free black folks in the community selected one person, garrison frazier, a 60 seven-year-old man to be the 67-year-oldve -- a man to be the representative of the community. general sherman asked him what did he understand freedom to mean in light of the emancipation proclamation. he said, "taking us from under the yoke of bondage and placing us where we can take care of ourselves and assist the government in maintaining our freedom." you start to hear some of the language of the emancipation proclamation. assisting the government in maintaining our freedom. talking about having the emancipated to work and do that diligently, serve in the military, he is also -- also reflecting the ability to reap

national constitution center loria conversation with ginsburg, discovering the life elizabeth cady stanton, the program begins with an overview of their forthcoming exhibit, the 19th amendment and how women won the vote. [applause] >> greetings, ladies and gentlemen. welcome to the national constitution center. i'm jeffrey rosen, president of this wonderful institution. let us

the fact is no state allowed women to vote at that moment but still, the stanton and anthony were outraged at putting that because that seemed to put in the constitution the notion of the political inferiority of women and then the 15th amendment, as you say, lead to even more vitriolic debates splitting the movement. some of them said the 15th of moment is a step forward and black menwa are now getting the right to vote and out we got to fight for an amendment to giving women the right to vote but others refused to support it on the grounds that it was creating another barrier in the 15th amendment says i no citizen of that united states can be denied the right to vote because of race. it does not say anything about women or men because of race. african-american people can no longer be denied the right to vote but other limitations are not barred including, of course, sex. states continue to deny women the right to vote as they did without any penalty or without the 15th of moment having any applications to that. now, that language, you know, they did debate this strongly in the general c

callingt's talk to don, from stanton, michigan. good morning. caller: good morning. ofh, i am very concerned what the load is going to be additionally on these small, small town hospitals as the covid spreads, like here in michigan. the weather has been pretty cold for this time of year normally, and i think that has kept a lot of people indoors, but once the weather warms up, people start going to the lakes, or cottages, coming from the more rural areas, where the covid is more prevalent. besides the normal accidents that are going to happen as people get out and about, and people ignore the governor's travel ban, and, yet, i really think there is going to be a definite strain on the local hospitals. i am very concerned about that. host: go ahead and respond, pat. guest: thank you. i agree with don. we are always trying to be ready for that. we have the threat of the covid virus. we know it could hit us anytime. about this. you mentioned recreation, but we have a number of small hospitals located near prisons. miles toof 2200 b 10 15 miles from a small rural hospita

that it was just what last week that we saw amazon make headlines for firing a warehouse worker in stanton island new york as it was chris smalls and chris mauls remember this this guy organized a walkout saying that amazon was not protecting workers amazon fired him and then said oh it had nothing to do with that that walkout that he organized even though they fired him the same day they say it was because he was violating the social distancing rules and read to you the statement that amazon has made about this they said quote we had some instances of employees intentionally violating our clear guidelines on social distancing at our sites which in danger is what the individual and their colleagues we are taking intends measures to ensure the health and safety of employees across our sites who are performing in the central role role for their communities during this crisis what this looks like to me is that amazon messed up by firing this guy the same day who organized that walkout they said they did it for that reason and now they're trying to play a game that we would refer to as see why

funding to be available we have to stand up and be counted don't that stigma or lack of information stanton we're at the head us yeah life is too short for somebody else's shame it's really important for disabled people which is what we're seeing now we've got disability counts 2020 dot org go directly to that website you got 9 videos that are it english spanish and american sign language that can give you all the details that you need about why disabled people need to be counted in the sense of we're very excited about this we're seeing people across the state of california and indeed the country who are not going to be counted in. themselves setter which is. you are lobbying like a genius they are now get over it but it was. evident that on the census i were for example in mexico we have this thing we're sure we need to be counted in this time this year and this ability is going to be part of that of the questions that's going to be under store and long questionnaire of his answers because you know where we were invisible them there is no way that we can be part of the creation of public

the past 24 hours hampers and flowers have been arriving here to 10 downing street to welcome boys stanton's new baby closely followed by scientific advisors of ministers clutching folders it is a confusing juxtaposition echoing a wider national confusion over how and when this crisis will end the government's also under mounting pressure to reach its mass testing target by friday at the start of april the health secretary matt hancock said he was determined to deliver $100000.00 tests per day so determined he reportedly made $100.00 pound charity betty to achieve it in recent days mobile testing unit staffed by the army have been travelling around the country as the government races to meet its target smashing his goal with an air force fly past his captain tom moore he initially wanted to raise just over a $1000.00 for completing laps of his garden before his 100th birthday to mark the milestone having raised more than $37000000.00 for the national health service the prime minister described captain tom as a point of light for the nation the government is now under pressure to be a point o

is said to be in stable condition he was admitted to hospital on sunday with persistent cold 1000 stanton's nearly 3 months after it was sealed off from the world the chinese city of one han has opened its doors again people can now enter the city and highways and train lines have been open to traffickers 11000000 residents are now able to leave without specific authorization voting has ended in the wisconsin presidential primary which went ahead despite the coronavirus been demick the state is the 1st in the u.s. to hold a major vote since stay at home orders were implemented the vote only went ahead after a last minute ruling in the supreme court in ecuador medical staff are struggling to deal with a number of infections more than 3702 thirds of those cases are being reported in the city of the government says it's ramping up containment measures you're upset with headlines on al-jazeera as always more news on our web site al-jazeera dot com coming up next year is the program walls of shame do stay with this. when a prime minister takes a lump of coal into his own parliament that call mea

the reporter stephanie stanton spoke with parents in southern california who have small children to get their reaction to the changes. >> we should not prepare to bring our children back into the school setting. >>reporter: the governor announced all california schools will be closed for the rest of the school year. it was news this valley village mom said she expected. >> with everything going on, there is no way that i would send my child to school right now. >>reporter: crystal mom to a sixth grader named alyssa and a busy two-year-old xander. she says home schooling a junior high student with the toddler around has its challenges. >> it's hard to keep him entertained and at the same time help her. spector dog walking business earning thousands has evaporated. >> we had a lot of clients scheduled and daily dog walking and it was great. and now everything has stopped. >>reporter: the family is doing what they can to make ends meet. >> my priority is putting food on the table. if i have to be late and bills. >>reporter: her daughter is coping well being at home. >> they were born with

after the union army entered richmond secretary of war edwin stanton gave an impromptu address to a rejoicing throng declaring, quote, in this great hour of triumph, my heart, as well as yours, has gratitude to almighty god for his deliverance of the nation. he will teach us how to be just in the hour of victory. grant's lenient surrender terms were intended precisely to ease reunion by affecting confederate submission and repentance, but confederates' reaction to the surrender would reveal to the northern public the depths of southern defiance. as lincoln fell to an assassin's bullet, loyal americans began to grasp that no such southern repettance was forthcoming. the southern masses had no intention of repudiating their leaders or renouncing their lost cause. the union won the war, but its victory was incomplete. although deliverance rhetoric had helped to promote solidarity among unionists, it had proven instrumental to lincoln building and maintaining his coalition and helping the union win the war. such rhetoric ultimately failed to convince confederates to accept peace or black freedom

consultants and phd in public history from middle tennessee state university and currently lives in stanton virginia. steven stoll is the author of "ramp hollow" this one. he is a professor of history at the university and the author of the great delusion and learning the earth. his writings have appeared in harper's magazine, a quarterly at the new haven review. and we have wendy welch the author of "fault or fly the story of foster care and adoption in appalachia." she's also the author and editor of three previous books including the bookstore of big stone gap and she runs a bookstore in southwest virginia. i want to see the thought at the start of the event to thinking about some of the topics. in his essay, james baldwin has some thoughts about how the stories of device or comfort ahead of the greater understanding and that can weaken our ability to deal with the world as it is in ourselves as we are. he concludes with a fought but i try to bear in mind when encountering the works of history and what they have reached back over hundreds of years or what we are doing with contemporary i

the santa fe and left and went to dc and went marching up on city and went to report to lincoln and stanton and then visited the general land office and then he reported. those sort of the dc vacation in the most intense part of the new lyxico conflict. the court really was the voice of the lincoln administration and new mexico territory. a dedicated republican who believed in the parties vision in the lap and trend landscape of the free white labor pretty clark was responsible, not only surveyed reservation but also dd a survey of the arizona cold country in 1863. after gold was discovered a little bit north to a town prescott is now which is north of phoenix. so he went out there to confirm that the gold had actually been discovered and it was mileti just finding that was going on. and then he came back and reported to santa fe citizens and to the army there was gold other and there were more than a thousand miners already there in the mountains and the needed protection and also needed to clear the navajos from the area because the road from albuquerque to gold mines went through nava ho

to dc when the confederates were marching upon the city and went to go report to lincoln and edwin stantonnd went and visited the general land office to whom he reported. he had a dc vacation in the midst of the most intense part of the new mexico conflict. clark really was the voice of the lincoln administration in new mexico territory. a dedicated Ãba free secessionist and native people. clark was responsible he not su the reservation committee also did a survey of the arizona gold country in 1863 after gold was discovered a little bit north of where the town of prescott is now which is north of phoenix. he went out there to confirm that the gold had actually been discovered and that it was legit mining going on and came back and reported to santa fe citizens and the army that there was gold out there and there were more than a thousand minors already in the mountains and they needed detection and also needed to clear navajos from the area because the road from albuquerque to the gold mines went through navajo territory. the letters kroc clark wrote to his superiors in washington help th

anthony, elizabeth katie stand -- stanton, and i have run names like that by my publisher, and i get a yawn. because compare that to, i don't know, let's say abraham lincoln. there's a huge market for all things lincoln. there's quite a small market for studies of the suffragists. i'm going to tell you a story about a historical colleague of mine who had written, he was trying to come up with a subject for his third book. he got tenure, he was faculty member at one of the colleges in the philadelphia area, and he wanted to write for a broader audience. his field is military history. so he was thinking, he was trying to come up with some general that he could write about. and his area was world war ii, so he presented, oh, joseph stillwell and the editors he's talking with, ah, not that many people know the name of stillwell, and i don't think there's much of a market. and he mentioned a couple of other sort of second-ranked generals. and then sort of at a loss -- and his field was in particular the pacific theater of the war -- and so he couldn't think of anything else, he just kind

heads eyof tt he woridld hean'lth organization, who in january praised china's response, says bill stantone former top u.s. diplomat in taipei. >> he was just defending the chinese position and echoing what they had to say. and it made the taiwanese more suspicious to what the chinese were doing. china doesn't allow taiwan into the w.h.o., and that's really stupid, because taiwan is one of the main countries in the world that has expertise on international health issues.ch >> srin: for anna lee, that expertise translates into trust in her government. >> i feel like, even if there is so, thing wrong with my bodyi will be taken care of, which is quite promising, and i'm quite happy with how the government is taking this very seriously. that's why we keep the casesve low. >> schifrin: which means, for anna l and many taiwanese quarantined today, there's no place like home. for the pbs newshour, i'm nick schifrin. >> woodruff: today, taiwan announced that it wod donate ten million masks to medical workers around the world-- two million to the u.s. >> woodruff: president trump has been in the w

this also started with women in stanton caucus with technology, engineering and math, and specifically i wanted to add the arts to the stem profession and again, this is one of the things gutfeld like of course we should be talking about women in underserved and underrepresented communities and being and professions, but it had not happened before in this time. so similar to your story with the diversity of her class of more native americans, those are issues that everybody's thinking about what you need 70 to say it's not been represented well enough in our communities. that is a real challenge to figure out how do we bring more diversity, not in gender but all kinds of experience to washington to be able to legislate. >> the professional issues are interesting and i think about the veterans. it was incredibly pivotal for the colleagues who are not veterans informer said citizens, when i heard those women and men talk about this to their national security experience, that was impactful to me. when you are bringing whether being a racial or ethnic group or veteran or any other kind of

fortunately the secretary of war edward stanton stepped in and he refused to give in to their racially motivated requests. in 1836 augusta passed the board's examination, the first african-american, he became the first african-american to receive an army commission in american history. he was commission major. surgeon general hammond went up to the examining physician and his name was cronan and he said i say, cronan, how did you come to let the "n" word pass? dr. cronan said the "n" word knew more than i did, and i could not help myself. >> once in uniform, augusta faced awful racial violence and discrimination and he was traveling through baltimore in 1863 where he was visually attacked by a mob. he was later kicked off of a washington d.c. street war and he went to the supreme court and he was not allowed to watch. you need to take away his commission. it is outrageous that we are outranked by a black man, but augusta wouldn't allow any of this to stop him. he and his friend dr. anderson abbott approached the white house for a public reception. they came dressed in their blue union

now there's elizabeth anthony and katie stanton. that does not include the african-american contributions to suffrage. now people say sojourner truth should not be with those two women because their attitudes on suffrage were retrograde. one answer or one solution or one approach we might consider is new statues. this is an extra nearly equestrian statue -- extraordinary equestrian statue that appeared in times square in new york. it is destined for richmond. it is 27 feet high, called rumors of war. it shows -- it's a classical composition, but the writer is wearing dreadlocks and a hoodie and it's going to the virginia museum of fine arts. harold walker has done a riff on the statue of queen victoria in front of buckingham palace. fountain jets emerging from the breasts of the statue, the jugular spouts water. and this is rather an extraordinary work of art. so build we must is another approach. here's a statue of columbus in new york city that now bears a pair of bloodied hands to represent columbus'approach to native peoples. an

of these is up on the screen, the declaration of rights and sentiments written by elizabeth cady stantonr the 1848 women's rights convention in seneca, new york, a document which holds that all men and women are created equal, and it goes on like that, replicating the language and moderating it and adapting it throughout the entire document. and it's not alone. really, this is just the tip of the iceberg. there are many, many more american adaptations. in 1829, the utopian activist robert owen wrote a declaration of mental independence designed to free americans from private property, from organized religion, and the tyranny, ladies and gentlemen, of monogamous marriage. the tyranny, ladies and gentlemen, of monogamous marriage. that same year, 1829, george henry evans authored the working man's declaration of independence, which did exactly what you think it did. the list goes on and on. if we skip forward, in 1970, african-american church leaders published the black declaration of independence. here's a quick excerpt from it. the history of the treatment of black people in the united s

italians is our correspondent in london this hour joining us from outside the hospital where bar stanton is being cared for so rory do we know any more about how mr johnson is doing. well kate we had a date from the prime minister's spokes person about an hour ago and it seems there hasn't been a significant change since the early morning and since he was admitted to intensive care last night we're being told that he is stable that he's in good spirits he's been given oxygen but he hasn't been put on a ventilator and that there has been as yet no dog notice of pneumonia but the fact is boris johnson is pretty much out of action for the time being and as we heard there in needs reports dominic rob is deputizing where necessary now the united kingdom does not have the same kind of constitutionally or danes chain of command as say the united states for its president vice president etc it's a bit more vague here but dominic robb is deputising for now if he is incapacitated then really soon as the chancellor of the exchequer steps in and i suppose with dominic we can look at it as you know th

ari challenge as our correspondent in london right now soraya what else do we know about or stanton's condition. well we haven't been given an update now for a few hours and downing street has said that if there is any significant change in the prime minister's condition then they will put out some sort of statement expected next will it is that the day the 90 press conference in a couple of hours time but what we've been told so far is that the prime minister is stable that he has been given to oxygen but that he hasn't been on a ventilator or into bated he hasn't needed that. there has been no diagnosis of pneumonia so you know that is very cute news in what is obviously a very serious situation. what we are aware of and swore and he was explaining there in his report is that the u.k. effectively without the prime minister at the moment is still prime minister in name but most of his duties some of his duties at least are being delegates to dominic rob who is the foreign secretary the u.k. doesn't really have a chain of come on in the same way that say the united states does things