lincoln is elected november 6 of 1860. seven states begin secedingde fm the union december 20, 1860. abraham lincoln takes office in march of 1861. the civil war begins. that's april 12, 1861. what was the transition. like for the incoming president? >> this. it's actually full of all kinds of twists and turns. it is an unbelievable few months where you cannot really predict what is going to happen. who do have very quick turn to secession by south carolina. then starting in january some of the other deep south states you have the secession of seven deep south statesrhe next month and half, six weeks. during that period there are questions whether someoi of the upper south states going to secede. you have tennessee, virginia, you have kentucky, you have maryland, u of arkansas. you have misery all of these are? 's north carolina, all these are? , are the states going to secede? and people do not know. there are secession conventions called. several of the state project secession. this is really important. of the four upper south states

lincoln wins decisively in way he gets 18 states. they're all from the north. but these are enough people to win the election. and here are the final results. abraham lincoln, 39.9% of the vote, 180 electoral votes. stephen douglas, 29.5% of the vote. 12 electoral votes. now, john breckinridge, the southern democratic candidate, got 18.1% of the vote, but received 72 electoral votes. and john bell, the constitutional union candidate, 12.6%. 39 electoral votes. here's the map as well of the breakdown of states. any surprises when you look at that map of which state voted for which candidate? i think the biggest surprise probably to people at the time was the shift from california. california had voted for buchanan in 1856 and then moved to lincoln in 1860. but it's a very it's a very tight election. lincoln only wins california by a little more than 700 votes. and california is going to continue to be a little bit of an issue for him because it is a very divided state. lincoln also only wins illinois by about 12,000 votes. he loses his home, his home county. he's

ministration says israel's done enough to avoid sanctions. job redundancy has this report us secretary of state lincoln and defense secretary austin, had given israel 30 days to abide by international humanitarian law and garza, including increasing a deliveries to at least 350 trucks a day or risk no longer being supplied with weapons as required under us law, by almost every objective metric aid agencies say that in fact, the humanitarian situation has grown worse in that time frame with the un reporting that just does the trucks and out and drink goals are daily the lowest number and a yeah. just a week ago, the state department noted that israel had not done enough, but now sizing the opening of 2 new crossings and the waving of some customers restrictions in the last few days. the us males that israel have done enough to avoid sanctions, even without carrying out most of the specific measures, it's cold for all of a sudden you say that the metrics that you put out don't matter. i, we've never said, i never said that, they don't matter. what i said was, these are metrics exactly like you put out. i

range weapons inside russian territory in late in the summer, in september and secretary of state, anthony lincoln was here in care of and it looks like perhaps they were going to make an announcement that divide administration had turned around on this policy and then of course to lance, he went to meet with dr. barton taking that victory plan is he just mentioned in, in that sound like that, directly to the us president, to try to convince him that, of course, a didn't at the time you know, effect any policies shift. but that certainly gave warnings to the russians. they were able to move many of the strategic pop targets many weapons don't post a way out of the range of that $300.00 comb with the attack them weapon system. so, you know, certainly the element of surprise is going to present as the last thing, not wanting to give any more away as to when i might start using a vis the of these weapons. so the lensky, while the course is definitely understandable reasons. but how is this news being received across ukraine? well, it's certainly being welcome, as i saw by the government. and of cours

but they fundamentally believe is secretary of state lincoln city was chinese counterparts in anchorageirst met with chinese some remarks where he said the middle east, our interest in your interest are compatible and they believe that they can they believed i don't think left the consumption stabilize the middle east and downgraded an american list of priorities for american foreign policy and incomparably chinese in the region. believe it it was a mistake the chinese are competing they spent asymmetrically middle east that china and rent is a major element in a disruptive anti- americanmp on the march against the american system with iran in this part of the 20 strategy that iran is working as a stalking horse for the chinese. i don't think the biden administration sees it that way to trump administration is more inclined to see that way but there is whistling the republican party in which see middle east pretty much like an important part of donald trump space from the big current of opinion make a world that seems middle east of secondary importance when the conflict with iran is ov

the easiest -- [ inaudible ] and also, as a side, virginia was the only state that lincoln was on the ballot and he got about 3,000 votes. and i think he carried hancock county that was on the ohio river. >> that's fascinating. i can tell i have a fellow railroad enthusiast in the room. wonderful question. well, i think you know this already, but it was an embarrassing predicament. it was just too hot to travel through virginia, which would have been the straitest route and also kentucky. he could really not travel through the state of his birth for fear of losing kentucky. in the early months of 1861, keeping the border states in the union was the number one political problem. so there was not going to be any talk of emancipation in 1861. in fact, the 13th amendment that lincoln proposes in early -- in his inaugural address, which is still on the books awaiting ratification, protects slavery. the later 13th amendment that was passed abolishes slavery. but he's trying to protect slavery where it exists to keep the border states in the union. he decides going through kentucky and virgi

she have pretends he explains us secretary of state lincoln of defense secretary austin, had given israel 30 days to abide by international humanitarian law. in garza including increasing a deliveries to at least $350.00 trucks a day or risk, no longer being supplied with weapons as required under us. little by almost every objective metric aid agencies say that in fact, the humanitarian situation has grown worse in that timeframe with the un reporting that just does the trucks and the entering cause or daily the lowest number and a yeah. just a week ago, the state department nurtured that israel had not done enough, but now sizing the opening of 2 new crossings and the waving of some costume is restrictions in the last few days. the us males that israel have done enough to avoid sanctions, even without carrying out most of the specific measures, it's cold for all of a sudden you say that the metrics that you put out don't matter. i, we've never said, i never said that they don't matter. what i said was, these are metrics exactly like you put out. it's not a rabbit winds, meaning i don't

in our nation on what abraham said, the coal was made during a meeting with us secretary of state anthony lincoln last month at the office in summers in laos. the revelation comes as the malaysian debt. perceiving this due of investment, trade in the industry stated that the nation looks to america no other western mock is, is a final export destination. he says it's china on southeast asian economies, but the fonts becoming the top consume as our next guest phase washington is using a classic approach to try and push small nations into picking sides. but malaysia has its own vision of its future means. oh, well, no, surprised this is i think that's the we highly noted state homepage. it's not really. it's always an issue, but we'll decide though we, there you choose them or you choose the other side, alicia being a small country, small vision or they had been pregnant not the 1st time, but a couple of times. so in this case i have a new start doctor, so i knew i said no yes, over ignition. uh, looking for a policy based on our credential already bought there. and so i guess you do something that

most importantly, lincoln's paramount goal of reunifying the united states.is also governed by ethical and religious values that stand outside of people's political position and outside of their particular place within a military hierarchy or their exposure to military orders. so let's let me sort of move in here and start with. so the way that i'm trying to organize this talk is to talk for a few minutes about those elements that make the war truly deadly and those elements that make the war more restrained. i'm going to confusingly, i'm going to start with prisoners of war, which, as this quote suggests, is actually a place where there is restraint shown. but the very first question is, who can fight in the war? this is the question that i started thinking about in the last talk is the question of the government's response ability for putting into the field people who are legitimate combatants. and so the very first question for the lincoln administration is being forced to reckon with the fact that they are not as lincoln said, actually in a state of insur

balboa advances to a state title game. lincoln did not go home empty-handed. they won the first ever girl's flag football city title. tom and robinson connected for two long touchdowns. the mustangs beat balboa 12 to 2. >> this group i have is an amazing group. i think they don't know how good they are. oh! that is crazy. >> as deebo samuel would say, pneumonia israel. hopefully he is not too injured. they beat the seahawks. this year, george kittle hosted his teammates for a much more laid-back turkey dinner on monday night. >> we went over to george's and had big turkey, ham, everything, stuffing, all that stuff. >> worksheet day with the carbs. kyle shanahan did budget a little bit of time for him and his coaching staff to enjoy a thanksgiving dinner. >> everyone gets out and tries to be home with the family by 5:00. asia get home at 7:00 and they are all mad at me. get back to the dinner and back to the red zone. >> move for his first thanksgiving. i don't know if that is part of the tv 12 method. does not look like it. drew lock at quarterback for new yor

but lincoln ignored the supreme and he proceeded to round an estimated 13,000 citizens who expressed war views or who favored the southern states to secede peacefully. and lincoln kept his opponents prison. many confined without charges and without the promise of fair and speedy trial. so some defend lincoln's that desperate times call for desperate or that his vision, a strong centralized government was. good. we can debate that, but there's no debate that lincoln exercised almost dictatorial and his central authority came at the expense of the states. interestingly, the war robert e lee was amazed prophetic in about the concentration of power in washington. he wrote a letter lord acton, after the war in which he said the the consolidation of the states one vast republic. sure to be aggressive abroad. and despite at home will be the certain precursor of that ruin which has overwhelmed all those that have preceded it. was lee a traitor? if so, why was he never prosecuted for treason? in fact, why were no confederates, not even jefferson davis, ever tried for treason? was secession legal? the constitution, silent on the rights t

but lincoln ignored the supreme and he proceeded to round an estimated 13,000 citizens who expressed war views or who favored the southern states to secede peacefully. and lincoln kept his opponents prison. many confined without charges and without the promise of fair and speedy trial. so some defend lincoln's that desperate times call for desperate or that his vision, a strong centralized government was. good. we can debate that, but there's no debate that lincoln exercised almost dictatorial and his central authority came at the expense of the states. interestingly, the war robert e lee was amazed prophetic in about the concentration of power in washington. he wrote a letter lord acton, after the war in which he said the the consolidation of the states one vast republic. sure to be aggressive abroad. and despite at home will be the certain precursor of that ruin which has overwhelmed all those that have preceded it. was lee a traitor? if so, why was he never prosecuted for treason? in fact, why were no confederates, not even jefferson davis, ever tried for treason? was secession legal? the constitution, silent on the rights t

lincoln's journey from illinois to washington, d.c.. february 1861. he's going to take up the presidency of the united states during, what, of course, was one of the most volatile, maybe most volatile, precarious of american history. so a fantastic topic. and i thought could start just by asking you to tell us a little bit about how you chose topic and what the main goals of the book were when you set out to write them. well, thank you so much, paul. wonderful to be here. i enjoyed the talks to this point and. it's so nice to have conversations all weekend long for me. this book came about from a number of sources one honest source that it has pretty little to do with serious history. civil war historiography. as i grew up loving trains, i used to like to go with my dad to watch. i was trained as a kid and a train rider. i grew up in providence, rhode island and in that era in the seventies, i mean, it was sort of the you know a difficult time, put it mildly, for amtrak. but you could still catch an evening train from providence that came washington in the morning. and i never quite got over that magical fee

that presence existed on a decided arc, as it 1860 gateway in the united states to the election of lincoln, and national unification. newspapers in georgia, interpreted garibaldi as an avatar of southern aims and possibilities. the italian unity was a model for american disunity. after the war began, overtures by norther representatives to garibaldi began to sever the ties. there was never military sport for anti-slavery wargames. beginning in april of 1860, the georgia newspapers began to track garibaldi's every move. for the southern banner in athens, he was a defender of rome, the exile of the marshes of ravenna, the kendall dealer of staten island, and the hero of the late italian war. the kendall dealer, as a descriptor, sold him short. he was already an international celebrity. he had traveled widely and fought against the french in rome in 1840s. he did arrive in new york in 1850. he did briefly work in a kendall factory during his temporary stay in the united states, before leaving in 1851. in 1860, garibaldi made his way to sicily to fight for italian unification. the georgia pape

much is made in the scholarship of the civil war of the leaders veneration by lincoln and the united states forces. his fight for union in italy resonated with those in the north fighting for union in america. but garibaldi was a looming presence in southern media. and for this study, georgia media in particular even prior to the election of 1860 and would remain a presence in the public white southern mind as and tucker has explained white southerners who sought to virginia mize the new nation they were creating hope itself comparisons with garibaldi and his nationalism strength to their case for independent nation. would that presence, however, existed on a decided arc as the tumult of 1860 gave way in the united states to the election of lincoln and in italy, to national unification in newspapers, in georgia interpreted garibaldi as avatar of southern aims, and possibly cities, italian unity was a model for american disunity after the war began, overtures by northern representatives to garibaldi began to sever those metaphorical ties which completely snapped upon the italian leaders voca

after that ceremony, the president's coffin was taken to the where it was to in state in the rotunda. now, president lincolnwas the person to lie in state, in the rotunda, in the capital, and the first president. now, there have been 35 people to date have laid in state in the capitol rotunda. now, on the morning of the 21st, lincoln's coffin was taken from the capitol building and taken to the train station. now, lincoln's the idea was to have this essentially this national funeral, where people could partake. so the secretary of war, edwin stanton, thought, we'll do a train journey back to springfield, where mrs. lincoln wanted president buried. and so the train is going to go 1662 miles, go. 404 cities, towns, hamlets. stopping 11 times to offload it on this journey ending may back in springfield for the president's burial. now his son was going to accompany him, but willie was never part of funeral ceremonies at any of the cities. willie's coffin stayed on the presidential hearse car the entire time. just note lincoln's portrait, the cattle guard, different local motives were used throughout the train j

things that these 10 children were amongst the injured the us like 3 states and sleep lincoln and said that as well should end this war and gaza. lincoln made the comments in brussels saying israel has already met the objectives. it sets out for itself in the straight. is there any forces that comes every is on the southern day route 5 times in quick succession. this comes up to the issued new full of displacement orders, calling on people to slay the area to the united states, the web presence elect donald trump has chosen the wells. richest man eat on must to had a new department responsible for government calls coming from sol. so chase and his secretary of defense and the head of the c i a feel of well, how's those details from washington dc. a number of the day appointments now made by donald trump. sometimes people will recognize others. they may not, but certainly some faces. for example, pete, texas has been named as donald trump's preference for the secretary of defense. now he's actually a presenter on fox news, which of course is donald trump's favorite news network. it's on

in brussels, us security, the secretary of state hunts need. lincoln has met with nato secretary general loc routes, but he spoke about cementing support for ukraine. the head of donald trump for time is president lincoln also discussed the entry of north korean soldiers into combat against ukraine and said feeling young's involved and will receive a 5 response. so. so we had a very productive discussion today about our ongoing support for you friends in the face of an ongoing rush integration as well. this added element of the p r k. north reinforces injected into the, into the battle. and now quite literally in combat which demands and will get a firm response. but if you move down from state to salvation, the voice cabinets the wells which is money, la musk, has been appointed to a new department, are responsible for government cost cutting trucks. also chasing the secretary defense on the head of the c. i a phil as well as the details from washington dc. a number of k appointments now made by donald trump. sometimes people will recognize others. they may not, but certainly some faces

states. now, of course, lincoln is a good lawyer. he's a very good lawyer. so he probably read the code carefully before approving it. and it's, as i said to every in the united states army, quickly, just to follow for a moment. so, lieber is born in 1798, his earliest is napoleon's troops marching for berlin in 1806 at age eight at age 17. he enlists in the army to fight napoleon once again. and weirdly, both lieber and klausen which are fighting the battles of namur and waterloo in 1815, lieber is shot and severely wounded in war at battle of waterloo and left on the field for dead. but somehow, and ultimately is. in 1827, he moves to the united states. by 1835, he is at the university of carolina. he had expected he would have had a position teaching at one of the more prestigious universities, harvard yale, columbia. that doesn't happen in part because he's an immigrant. he speaks with a german accent and in part because he's german and not an american. so they haven't yet recognized the value of foreign scholars. that will come later and at the universit

so when he first got into the state legislature went in young, just as lincoln was 23. so was teddy at 23. and he goes into the state legislature. and he's a very speaker. he's he's great about his opponents. he can yell at them and scream and finally call them names again. having some comes some connection to the echoes of today and he makes headlines and he becomes the most famous rookie legacy in new york at that time. but a while he's so annoying that he annoys even these fellow republicans, not just the democratic opponents and he's able to realize that somehow he developed a swelled head that he was not all important, that only he was not the one who could get anything done, and he was nothing done. so he finally accepts that i was making a mistake and he tones down his rhetoric. he reaches across the aisle and he finally becomes a productive. so unless and he later said the person who's never, never made a mistake has never made anything, and everybody's going to make mistakes. the real question is, can you acknowledge them? can learn from them, can you grow as a

so when he first got into the state legislature went in young, just as lincoln was 23. so was teddy at 23. and he goes into the state legislature. and he's a very speaker. he's he's great about his opponents. he can yell at them and scream and finally call them names again. having some comes some connection to the echoes of today and he makes headlines and he becomes the most famous rookie legacy in new york at that time. but a while he's so annoying that he annoys even these fellow republicans, not just the democratic opponents and he's able to realize that somehow he developed a swelled head that he was not all important, that only he was not the one who could get anything done, and he was nothing done. so he finally accepts that i was making a mistake and he tones down his rhetoric. he reaches across the aisle and he finally becomes a productive. so unless and he later said the person who's never, never made a mistake has never made anything, and everybody's going to make mistakes. the real question is, can you acknowledge them? can learn from them, can you grow as a

secretary of state and 10 lincoln announced the u.s. position today. governments and human rights groups have denounced the sentencing of 45 pro-democracy activists in hong kong. former lawmakers and protesters received prison terms ranging from four to 10 years for their roles in an unofficial primary vote in 2020. they were accused of trying to paralyze hong kong's government under a beijing imposed national security law. the u.s. consulate in hong kong condemned the sentences calling -- while china's foreign ministry defended the outcome. back in this country, prosecutors are urging the judge in donald trump's hush money case to postpone his -- they're open to delaying his sentencing until after trump leaves office. trump was convicted on 34 counts of falsifying business records. before we go tonight, we marked the end of an error in the world of tennis. rafael nadal's historic career has come to a close. the 38-year-old spaniard lost today after saying last month this would be his final event, even before the match he teared up during the playing o

and the reason being that they are now going to listen to the secretary of state and to lincoln about the latest on that deal, about 11. and also the potential for us is by a, in gaza. and on this, the basically need the help from key players in the region particularly got taught and age is hong k mediators in gaza and also the saudis, on how to use political leverage 11, an unlikely to play a crucial role when it comes to the full architecture, which is going to be put into place once the seas buyers are going to be announced . now it's and who's going to have up because a, it's on the input ticket. that is pretty much a leading some of the efforts to come up with a deal for different reasons. it is a major contributor to the troops stationed. it's also 11 and part of the unit field mission. it says that it wants to be more committed to delivering a pin to it goes up, but they do understand that for that to happen, that needs to be a settlement that has to happen any time soon. so the meeting today is going to be very decisive according to some of the people that we've been talking t

and lincoln's secretary of state is very hard-nosed in doing this. he threatens them with war if they do it. so, and then the economic factor, this is one way that's a nice comparison to north and south. the south utterly mismanages its economy. whereas the north does not. north is not afraid to try to, raised enough taxes. more efficient at funding financing and certainly more efficient industrially as welling. but the military part is the big part. this is where the union kind of stumbles. because how do you use your military power? this in a nutshell ends up being eventually a series of simultaneous offenses in the south. trying to, union trying to take territory or destroy confederate armies and conclude destruction of the confederate army is the way to win this. taking territory is great but not taking enough territory to actually bring them to our point of view. so after many starts and bumps and a lot of back and forth and some awful leadership sometimes they essentially grind away the confederate armies and this is the thing that actually end

from recognized in which would amazing spillover in so many different and they seward lincoln's secretary of state is very hard nosed in in doing this he's he threatens them with war if they do it you know so so and the economic factor and this is one way that's a nice comparison the north and the south the south utterly mismanaged its economy whereas the north does not the north is not afraid to try to write iteration of taxes. they're just more efficient at funding financing and certainly more efficient and socially as well. but the military parts the big part and this is where the union kind of stumbles because how you use your military power and this, you know, in a nutshell, it ends up being eventually a series of simultaneous offensives in the south. well, are we trying to take to union, try to take territory or is it trying to destroy confederate armies and they eventually conclude that destruction of the confederate armies, this is the way that going to win this. yeah. taking territories, but we're not taking enough territory to actually bring them bring them to our point view. and so afte

from recognized in which would amazing spillover in so many different and they seward lincoln's secretary of state is very hard nosed in in doing this he's he threatens them with war if they do it you know so so and the economic factor and this is one way that's a nice comparison the north and the south the south utterly mismanaged its economy whereas the north does not the north is not afraid to try to write iteration of taxes. they're just more efficient at funding financing and certainly more efficient and socially as well. but the military parts the big part and this is where the union kind of stumbles because how you use your military power and this, you know, in a nutshell, it ends up being eventually a series of simultaneous offensives in the south. well, are we trying to take to union, try to take territory or is it trying to destroy confederate armies and they eventually conclude that destruction of the confederate armies, this is the way that going to win this. yeah. taking territories, but we're not taking enough territory to actually bring them bring them to our point view. and so afte