let's get a warm steamboat welcome to doctor stephen koonin. >>. >> it's a great choice of music.well, it has been an adventure to be speaking the truth about climate in an interview the last couple of years and i'd like to tell you a little bit more about that. i've chosen for my title on settled on climate and energy and it's actually a triple entendre . unsettled refers to some crucial points in climate science. it also refers to perhaps you'll feel as i did when you hear about some of them that are contrary to what you hear in the popular and political dialogue. and finally i would say that with what we all nationally and globally do about the situation remains quite unsettled in and the subject of great debate. climate and energy are certainly at the forefront of the discussion today. i'll show you hear changes in the world's average surface temperature from about 1880 up to the present and you can see starting about 1900 it's gone up by about 1.1degrees celsius . at the same time, we see human influences on the climate growing. largely through the relation of carbon dioxide in t