carrots and stic. money for grades. all that stuff. young innovators are far more intrinsically motivated. when i look at what parents s a teachers did to encourage that motivation, it was much more about this arc of play to passion to purpose. >> in the book you profile a number of young innovators. this is really one of my favorite parts. 120 something who was involved on the development of iphone. tell bus that. >> here's a kid who's passionate about science, his parents totally support his passion, believe that's more important than mere academic achievement. he goes to exeter for their science program because that's his passion but he gets bored. he doesn't find there's enough science. he drops out at the end of 11th grade. he gets into stanford, he got a combined bs/ms program. two courses shy of graduating he takes a class, interdisciplinary electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and computer science. he learns to collaborate for the first time, he learns to integrate these different academic disciplines, to solve probl