you know, ancient times, they were writing in sumeria. the tale of gilgamesh, it's boring, i don't understand it. [laughter] you know? they had to chisel that story out of stone, and they still, you know, it was -- they were creating, you know? it was the first by eleven yum before anybody -- millennia before anybody can find any kind of a hint of a copyright dispute, and it involved two irish saints, saint columba copied the salter of saint finnion, and finnion objected. and the king of ireland said that columba the copier, had to give his copy of the salter back to finnion, and this was his reasoning: to every cow belongs its calf. so to every book belongs its copy. [laughter] and this was, this was about 500 a.d. and remember, i said the first copyright act is 1710, all right? so we've got a long time from this one dispute that historians have been able to find before we have formal copyright legislation. and, in fact, people who know more than i do about the history of copyright law have said that at no time during our manuscript peri