in 1874, we get the creation of the women's christian temperance union, the wctu. they became politically involved and organized under annie wittenmyer. they are trying to stop excessive drinking, promote temperance. theoretically, saloons are being regulated, but they are really not. the wctu begins to do things like pour liquor in the sewers. it is actually not a sewer in 1874. they are actively trying to clean up the city's by cleaning up the alcohol. i'm going to talk a second about the constitutional convention of idaho in 1889. literally, when the guys are trying to organize the constitution, within days, they are still basically trying to figure it out -- the first people to the door are the wctu. they are there before anybody else shows up. is one of the first things that goes on the agenda because the wctu is so powerful and popular. women are not only taking roles in society in atomized waves. because women have entered the teaching profession and because women have entered nursing, and because, as i talked about, we have the rise of middle managers now h

so in 1874 we get the creation of the women's christian temperance union.y organize under annie whitenmyer. they're trying to stop excessive drinking. and many cities have theoretically saloons are being regulated, but they're really not. and they're intimately involved in the political system. so the wctu begins to do things like poir liur liquor into the sewers. sewers don't really take off until the 1880s. but they're actively trying to clean up the cities by getting rid of alcohol. and the wctu becomes incredibly powerful. i'm going to talk about idaho in 1889. literally when the guys are trying to organize the constitution, within days, they're still figuring out who's supposed to sit in what seat, the first people through the door are the wctu saying out here in idaho, we can't have alcohol. they're there before anybody else shows up. that's one of the first things that goes onto that agenda because the wctu is so very powerful and popular. women are not only taking roles in society in sort of -- in at tomized ways. because women have entered the teac

so in 1874 we get the creation of the women's christian temperance union. the wctu. instantly they became politically involved. they organize under annie whitten meyer. they're trying to stop excessive drinking. they're trying to promote temperance. and many cities have theoretically saloons are being regulated, but they're really not. and they're intimately involved in the political system. so the wctu begins to do things like pour liquor into the sewers. or that's actually not a sewer in '74. it's going to be a much later picture because sewers don't really take off until the 1880s. but they're actively trying to clean up the cities by getting rid of alcohol. and the wctu becomes incredibly powerful. i'm going to talk in a second about the constitutional convention of idaho in 1889. literally when the guys are trying to organize the constitution, within days, they're still basically figuring out who is suppose to sit in one seat, the first people through the door are the wctu saying out here in idaho we can't have alcohol. they're there before anybody else shows up

so in 1874 we get the creation of the women's christian temperance union. they organize under annie whitenmyer. they're trying to stop excessive drinking. and many cities have theoretically saloons are being regulated, but they're really not. and they're intimately involved in the political system. so the wctu begins to do things like pour liquor into the sewers. sewers don't really take off until the 1880s. but they're actively trying to clean up the cities by getting rid of alcohol. and the wctu becomes incredibly powerful. i'm going to talk about idaho in 1889. literally when the guys are trying to organize the constitution, within days, they're still figuring out who's supposed to sit in what seat, the first people through the door are the wctu saying out here in idaho, we can't have alcohol. they're there before anybody else shows up. that's one of the first things that goes onto that agenda because the wctu is so very powerful and popular. women are not only taking roles in society in sort of atomized ways. because women have entered the teaching prof

in the united states and in the soviet union that the two sides were going to get into a nuclear war. >> the tempere world is crisis. architect of the crisis, nikita khrushchev. >> as the head of the soviet union khrushchev was very ideological. he believed that the future belonged to communism. he said, america needs to be contained and the only way to do it is to create crises all around the american empire. >> khrushchev came to the u.n. in 1960 and he said we are grinding out missiles like sausages. we'll bury you. americans took it seriously. >> the toughness of the khrushchev speech did as some propaganda fuels of the fire that is now raging diplomatically between moscow and washington. >> to see if the soviets were building nuclear weapons, more importantly, missiles to launch them at the united states. we were flying a spy plane over the soviet union called a u-2. >> i'm bill fox. united press editor in new york. a single engine u.s. air force plane with one man aboard went missing today not far from the soviet border in the rugged mountains in southeastern turkey. >> to a stunned and start