when we stopped by, the blacksmith was just starting a fire. >> no, no. 's good. >> my name is john baronich. i live in spring hill, new york. this is a replica of the traveling forges that the artillery and the cavalry would have them. our basic purpose is to repair items that would break, such break, such as handles and chains. also the farriers would use the forged to re-shoe the horses. i left to tell people our job back here is very similar to a nascar pit crew -- i like to tell people our job back here is very similar to a nascar pit crew. we were the nascar pit crew of the 1860's. we would take care of the canon wheels -- cannon wheels, wagon wheels. the coopers, the ones who would work on barrels, fixing and repairing barrels. we also had a harness makers. and of course, the blacksmith, whose primary job, as i said, was to repair items. the biggest example would be the farriers. for example in our artillery battery, we have approximately 150 horses, so there are more forces than men. so, they have a really big job. so, i have heated up this metal s

these are the tools the blacksmith would have in the forge wagon. this tool is called a flatter, after you forge your metal there are bumps in it from the edge of the hammers. you would put this on the and and fill -- andvil and hit it here and it would make a real flat surface on your piece of metal. it's almost like an iron, but you would have to hit it with a hammer. oh, this is pretty cool. this is -- we do not know if this is confederate. one of the guys was telling me this is really an old piece. but the handle is made from an old wagon spoke, wagon wheel spoke. this is one of the punches. again, you heat the metal up and when the metal is hot, it will punch a hole in here, versus drilling it. this is a folding tool. this looks like a hammer, but the back part is rounded, so if i wanted to make a 90-degree bend in my metal, i would just hit this along it line and then i could hit it up straight. i would get a nice 90-degree bend. there are different hammers. these are the basics. the ballpeen hammer. the crosspeen hammer because this is straig

when we stopped by, the blacksmith was just starting a fire.

can it be that you, too, think only of the princess of kadiri? a blacksmith transforms and purifies the material world. from fragments of meteorite and iron ore sky and earth together he forges the keris-- sacred sword. the indonesians: brilliant metal woers since the dawn of history, created ages of an enigmatic blacksmith hero whose craft mirrors that of the gods. in his holy fire base metal is refined and the soul after death made perfect and immortal. beyond the power of sword and fire, beyond the power of water and wind, the spirit is everlasting. in the 15th century, as the new faith of islam spreads from the northern coast the old believers retreat to the highlands. at the mountain temple of sukuh, the goddess durga, thunderbolts in hand, presides. and the turtlewho bear the weight of the ninefold world and comic demons whose origins go back to the archaic culture of the islands. the stones are carved with fables of resurrection anlord garuda stl guards the elixir ofif sacred bird, brighter than the splendor of the sun, proudly you bear amerta, thelixi

the ages of 18 and 50. he hopes to find work in italy as a blacksmith. the number of migrants expected arrive in italy will probably increase every month until late autumn. as the numbers go up, it is expected that among ordinary italians, the milk of human kindness could go sour. from behind the fence, residents watch as the latest migrants disembark. some political parties in italy are calling for a crackdown on immigration. a teacher isn't opposed to immigration, but acknowledges it is a sensitive issue. >> translator: at this moment of crisis in italy. it is a way to get support from part of population against immigration. for now, the milk of human kindness is plain to see. ben wedeman, cnn, italy. >> now, errol, when you go back to before, when the eu ministers are looking at the possibility of military action against the ships that bring the migrants to europe, what's important is to realize at the moment increasingly the smugglers are not using ships at all. they're using rubber dinghies with the weakest possible motors, they essentially assign ju

the ages of 18 and 50. he hopes to find work in italy as a blacksmith. the number of migrants expected arrive in italy will probably increase every month until late autumn. as the numbers go up, it is expected that among ordinary italians, the milk of human kindness could go sour. from behind the fence, residents watch as the latest migrants disembark. some political parties in italy are calling for a crackdown on immigration. a teacher isn't opposed to immigration, but acknowledges it is a sensitive issue. >> translator: at this moment of christmas crisis in italy. it is a way to get support from part of population against immigration. for now, the milk of human kindness is plain to see. ben wiederman, cnn, italy. >> nearly two dozen cuban migrants are now in custody after they were rescued off the mexican coast in two separate incidents. mexico's navy took in two raflts sunday. one with ten migrants on board and another with 13 migrants. authorities are coordinating their return to cuba. >>> thousand of macedonians want their prime minister out of offic

. >> we have a full railing on this end with the door which was handmade by a blacksmith, which was really interesting to see. on the other end, we do not have the full set railing because that is the end they used to roll the coffin in out of the doorway. david: the trucks are brought up to modern specifications. they are all steel frame. back in the day, they would have been woodframe. they would have had a dual frame gauge that would have derailed every time they went through a switch. that was not a good id after the war, they built everything to standard gauge which was mr. lincoln's idea. he signed a rule that the railroads would be standard gauge. he wanted to tie the east and west together. he wanted to tie california to the union. he signed the transcontinental railroad act also, so he did a lot of things for this country that people do not realize. >> the real significance is we really just want to re-create history. it is a once-in-a-lifetime project. we want to educate people, especially the youngest generation on how people traveled back then. lincoln was a magnificent man. he

we have a full railing on this end with the door, which was handmade by a blacksmith, which was really interesting to see. on the other end, we do not have the full railing. because that is what they used to roll the coffin in out of the doorway. >> the trucks are brought up to modern specifications, steel frames. back in the day, they would have been woodframe trucks with a dual gauge wheel which derailed about every time they went through a switch, so that was not a good idea. it fell out of favor quickly. after the war, they built everything standard gauge, which was mr. lincoln's idea also. he signed a rule that american railroads would be standard gauge. he wanted to tie the east and west together. he really wanted to tie california to the union, and he signed the transcontinental railroad act. he did a lot of things for this country that people don't realize. >> the real significance is that , we really just wanted to re-create history. it is a once-in-a-lifetime project. we really want to educate people, especially the youngest generation on how people traveled back then. lincol

we have a full railing and this end with the door which was actually hand made by blacksmiths. which was really interesting to see. on the other end, we do not have the full set railing that's the end they used to roll the coffin in and out of that doorway. >> the trucks, they're brought up to modern specifications they're all steel frames. back in the day they would have been a wood frame truck, they would have a dual gauge wheel, which derailed every time they went through a switch. that was not a good idea and it fell out of favor quickly. besides that after the war, they built everything with standard gauge which was mr. lincoln's idea also. he signed a deal that american railroads would be standard gauge. he wanted to die the east and west together, he wanted to tie california to the union, and that was -- he signed the trans continental railroad act also. he did a lot of things for this country that people don't realize. >> the real significance is, we really want to re-create history. it's a once in a lifetime project. we want to educate people, especially the youngest ge

the fire service. you can't call a local police department. they don't exist. >> reporter: so this group of ordinary syriian men and a few women have organized themselves to fill that video. zu was once a blacksmith birmingham abraham was a barber. this one is supposed to get married next week but for the time being, they have left their previous jobs and their previous lives and now volunteer to run toward, when everyone else is running from. [ speaking in foreign language ] >> reporter: we are traveling along the border between turkey and syria and we are with the white helmets. they have just gotten a call and we wanted to see exactly what they do. this is all part of an intense training to become even better, even faster. all of a sudden, this area filled with smoke. there is concern there may be another bomb or another attack coming on so they have asked for all of the lights to be turned off. they don't want to be a target themselves but you can see just how challenging that makes their job. the concern is that. the white helmets tell us this video is of a barrel bomb being hurdled from a chopper by the syrian government. as you see, they could be wildly inaccurate. as you hear, they are in

blacksmith. and ahmad a detective, he is supposed to get married next week but for the time being, they have leftrun toward when everyone else is running from. [ speaking foreign language] we're traveling along a border between turkey and syria. they've just gotten a call and we wanted to see exactly what they do. this is all part of an intense training to become even better and even faster. there is concern that there may be another bomb or attack coming so they've asked for all the tliethslights to be turned off so they aren't targets. the white hats tell us this video is of a barrel bomb being herded by the syrian government. as you can see, they can be wildly inaccurate. as you hear they're incredibly vicious. >> a barrel bomb dropping on your house is like a 7.6 magnitude earthquake several times a day. >> they are filled with wire nails, anything else that can brutefully maim brutally maim and kill. now they're worried about another new enemy. chlorine gas. they were able to save this children but believe it led to the death of a family of six. >> they drop the first barrel bomb which then

blacksmith. this man a detective. he's supposed to get married next week for the time being they've left their previous jobs their previousen everyone else is running from. we're traveling along the border between turkey and syria with the white helmets. they just got a call and we want to see what they do. this is part of intense training to become even better even faster. all of a sudden this area filled with smoke. there's concern that there may be another bomb or attack coming so they asked for all lights to be turned off. they don't want to be a target themselves. you can see how challenging that makes their job. the concern is that. the white helmets tell us this video is of a barrel bomb being hurdled from a chopper by the syrian government. as you see, they can be wildly inaccurate as you hear they are incredibly vicious. >> a barrel bomb dropping on your house is like a 7.6 magnitude earthquake 50 times a day. >> these bombs are so malignant, full of explosives rebar, wire nails, anything else that can brutally maim and kill. now the white helmets are concerned about a new enemy. chlorine gas. they were able to s

the railings are different on each end. we have a full railing on this end, which was handmade by a blacksmith which was really interesting to see. on the other hand we don't have the full set railing, because that's what they used to roll the coffin in and out of that doorway. >> the trucks are all steel frames and back in the game they -- back in the day they would have been a wood frame truck. they would have a dual gauge wheel that would derail every time they went to a switch. it fell out of favor quickly. after the war they built everything with standard gauge. he wanted to tie the east and west together. he wanted to tie california to the union. he signed the transcontinental railroad act. he did a lot of things for this country a lot of people don't realize. them him -- >> it is a once-in-a-lifetime project. we want to educate people, especially the youngest generation. lincoln was a magnificent man. he had a great vision when he decided to sign the railroad act. we had a railroad tracks across the country and that's what made our country grow. that's what made america america. it is a 150th anniversary. it was linco

yes, i may be a blacksmith and you a seamstress but then what? oh, all right. we're playing this game. and the next day as we hear more and more and more i'm tired of waiting for freedom. why can't we take it? all right. you go. we'll stay here. so you're asking me to leave everything that i know and everything that i hold dear because i don't want to wait. these are some of the decisions that enslaved african-americans faced. let's face it. freedom is great. it is what you want. but at what cost? do you leave behind your family? do you leave behind your friends? do you leave behind everything that you know? or do you wait for emancipation which is also fantastic? the only thing about emancipation is you have to understand, when these millions of african-americans were freed they were freed but they had no home, no clothing, no food no shelter, no job. it was just you are free, but i'm free to do what? so do i go into the unknown with legal freedom or do i take my freedom, take my skills and make life happen for myself? it's hard to fully understand in modern in 2014 these decisions because it

the wheel repairs, people who would work on barrels, and also the harness makers and of course the blacksmith whose primary job was to repair items. as an educator, i think for the younger generation coming up this is the most important thing for them, getting involved in the community and getting involved in a hobby that you can learn. i've been doing this for over 10 years and every day i learn something new about the civil war. young people cannot forget our history. i know a lot of kids, especially in high school, they have trouble with history and after high school, they start to get into it because they can come to places like appomattox national park and learn about what happened. they become involved. sitting back is one thing, but if you can actually do it and experience it and immerse yourself in it, that is really important for the young generation to not forget. >> the new congressional directory is a handy guide to the 114th congress with colored photos and bios and contact information. also district maps and a foldout map. and a look at congressional committees, the cabinet, fed

we also have the leather workers and harness makers and then, of course, the blacksmith, whose primary job, as i said, is to repair items. being an educator i think for the younger generation coming up, it's the most important thing for them is to get involved with your community. get involved with some type of hobby that you can learn you know i've been doing this for over ten years, and every day i learn something new about the civil war. but our young people can't forget our history. i know a lot of kids, especially in high school, they have trouble with history and then after high school when they're past college age or whatever they just start to get into it because they can come places like this battlefield and park and learn about what happened sitting back is one thing and watching. but if you can actually do it and experience it and immerse yourself in it that's really important for the young generation to not forget. >> you're watching american history tv all weekend every weekend on c-span 3. to join the the conversation, like us on facebook at krst-span history. >> each wee