the indians that most washingtonians are mostly minor with are not the kind of indians that are in the room tonight. it is this imaginary indian they have constructed. he is noble, brave, strong. we keep having to remind them that he is imaginary. that is not a real person. to put us on the side of a football helmet is no particular honor, thank you very much. to refer to us by that name is the exact opposite of an honor. yet, they have a hard time accepting that. we have even heard them say that this is their tradition. what, mocking indians is your tradition? there are very serious about that. this is our tradition. this is how we express ourselves. this is our team. breaking through that and getting them to consider how a native american person might experience that sort of conduct has been very difficult. the ultimate rebuttal to my mind is to say if being made into a mascot is such an honor, why is it that our african-american and asian-american and latino american people have not been similarly honored anyplace in the country. surely we are not the only ones worthy of that honor.

the indians that most washingtonians are mostly minor with are not the kind of indians that are in the room tonight. it is this imaginary indian they have constructed. they said, well, he is noble, he is brave, he is strong. we keep having to remind them that he is imaginary. that is not a real person. to put us on the side of a football helmet is no particular honor, thank you very much. to refer to us by that name is the exact opposite of an honor. yet, they have a hard time accepting that. we have even heard them say, and this is where it against to get really weird, and they say, this is our tradition. and we say what, mocking indians , is your tradition? there are very serious about that. this is our tradition. this is how we express ourselves. this is our team. breaking through that and getting them to consider how a native american person might experience that sort of conduct has been very difficult. the ultimate rebuttal to my mind is to say if being made into a mascot is such an honor, why is it that our african-american and asian-american and latino american people have not b

that is not the indians' idea. t time a white man said to an indian, your great white father in washington -- the guy says, he is not my father. paternalism is a device that whites use basically in order to justify what they are doing to the indians. and it is also a way of blaming the indians for what happens to them. have i got that wrong? >> no. i could not help -- and i do not want to get off the subject -- but i could not help thinking, these books were published about the same time, and thinking very much about this other paternal is in. i do not see that in rogan. i think it would have been helpful, and not to criticize the author for not righting something he did not write, but i will -- how does slavery and print journalism -- and paternalism in jackson for life affected this whole idea of jacksonian democracy? indeed, it may downplay the role of slavery. if you have an all inclusive focus on his relationship with how he could use native americans on a psychological basis, using that as a theory, it seems l

in terms of weather on the indian side, not much being talked about here. wever, certainly the biggest point of discussion is how that will elect how much india can do in the immediate future when it comes to the relief and recovery that is needed in nepal. >> thank you. >>> dr. brian bapti head of seismology telling me that the aftershocks are likely to last for a few weeks. >> the rule of thumb of aftershocks is that the largest aftershocks are generally one order of magnitude than the main shock, which means we might get earthquakes up to 6.8 which are big earthquakes in their right. we've already seen a magnitude of 6.6 earthquake. we could see that over time although the number will reduce with time, and those can cause severe problems, particularly if the buildings are already damaged, and it can hamper the relief effort. >> now syrian activists say that rebel fighters have taken control of a strategic city in the country's northwest. it is in the idleb province that there have been days of fighting there. the group is targeting of the towns nearby. fo

reporter: for airbus, the future looks bright. several indianrports recently received approval to fly. in the months to come, indian companies will no doubt be looking to acquire new aircraft. william: let's take a quick look at the other business headlines. general election has announced it will sell the majority of its real estate portfolio over the next 24 months, bringing in him 46.5 billion dollars. it will be sold to blackstone and wells fargo. ge's holdings include more than 4000 office buildings. and strong results, the french retailer said revenue in america grew by 14% -- 19%. carrefour saw a 612 increase but an 11% decrease in asia. and libor is the interbank rate in london and is the benchmark at which trillions of euros of financial contracts are based upon. deutsche bank faces a $1.5 billion fine for alleged libor rigging. indices are all in the green. largely a sign of fears over greece are easing after the country repaid it 450 million euro loan through the international monetary fund. markets are also moving up things to signs o

the indian wars, the indian conflict. a lot of times, i get students who perceive history as if it were a football game, as if it were two opposing teams playing. when you deconstructed the paradigm and introduce a different paradigm, american studies center paradigm, and you focus on the issues of colonization around land, it shifts the causation very quickly. everyone in america is from some indian land. a project i like to do is to ask my students where they are from and what indian tribe or nation's live there now, which ones were there before. surprisingly, a lot of non-indian students don't know too much about their local histories. after we iron out the initial discussions about stereotypes, we can move the conversation forward. but, there are still people who want to remain for in this mode of study where we talk about stereotypes because it is such a huge issue. i encourage them to dig deeper to examine some of the origins of these images. we get a lot of good discussions and presentations about scalping , the bo

we'll be lie in kathmandu, and the indian capital. first, this report. >> they are frightened because the ground shook again this morning. aftershocks adding to the trauma that's barely registering. overnight many people chose not to go home. unable to sleep, and uncertain of when the next jolt will hit. >> translation: on radio they said another quake could hit, that is why we are all outside, and will spend the night here >>> there are some that lost friend or families, certainly their homes. they have a famous proverb that captures the group. they are in the mind. it's in the mind of those who win or lose. >> to combat the fear, we are playing guitar. women, children and elderly are scared. we play the guitar to make them feel safe. >> in other parts, rescuers are aware that there are people alive under the rubble. they work patiently and precisely. for families looking on, it's painstaking. every so often though there's hope. there are people in nepal's remote areas that have no help at all. only once they are reached would we know

indian. one of the acts of congress that brought the gilcrease family to the creek nation of indian territory was an act that essentially broke up the tribal holdings of indian land and a lot of land to individuals indian people, on the different nations' roles. the creek nations, as in a child of a mother who was a quarter creek indian, thomas gilcrease received an allotment and fortuitously for mr. gilcrease it ended up sitting on top of one of the most productive oilfields in american history at the time about 20 miles south of tulsa. by the time thomas gilcrease is a young man, 20, 21 years old he is a millionaire, circa 1910 and what's happening in the united dates at the time is the automobile is becoming a primary means of transportation. what do you need for an automobile? you need lots of petroleum, and the oil wells that gilcrease was accumulating through that allotment and then his business activities produced the wealth that allowed him to become the collector that he will become to collect the art the anthropological, archaeological material in the collection, and the archival ma

the indians were vastly outnumbered. the comanches, if they had anything at all, it was muskets, but mostly bows and arrows. let me see if i can briefly describe what the that all was. the battle of blenko canyon. the bluecoats, they're pretty tough people. after playing cat and mouse , the bluecoats calgary move forward and locate the village and they will move on the village. they march to where the villages -- village is but it is gone. so they send the scouts out to figure out where it was. what has happened is they get to a point where they realize all of the crisscrossing lines. if you use a horse, that is the way the indians carry thanks. it is too long holes -- poles on the back of a horse. you had parallel lines in the sand. at some point, all of the parallel lines go crazy. then, they realize the village has doubled back and it is now behind them. there were 200 lodges. they are furious now. they get at the next, go back. now, the village disappears again and now they realize, the cap rock is this steep cliff th

it will be interesting to see how things shape up on the indian side as well. >> i was going to ask you about the areas that have been affected. are they inaccessible or quite easy to get relief aid and workers in to? >> teams are being stationed there. in terms of accessibility look at, it's still quite early days, there may be more assessment toss take place on the indian side of the himalayan range tomorrow in the following days when it may shed more light on the conditions there. however, we're waiting to see the vast amount of news that come out of the indian government this afternoon has impact been of the kind of relief and response effort india is mobilizing from nepal. given that there could be suggestions that the focus area is not necessarily inside of india at this point in time given that we're seeing much smaller numbers in terms of casualty and injured in the indian states. >> thank you. let's bring in dr. brian bahti. live on skype 7.8 this is a pretty big earthquake? >> this, this is probably the biggest earthquake to hit since 1954. earthquakes of this size are capable

great success of the indian exhibits the european tour brought catlin great misfortune. burdened with debts and ill health he sold his collection for pennies. resilient, bold, and determined catlin returned to the life he most cherished: painting the indians of the americas. "i take an incredible pleasure in roaming through nature's trackless wild, and selecting my models where i am free and unshackled by the killing restraints of society." ( native man chanting ) ( piano music ) narrator: although she lived most of her adult life in france, mary cassatt was steadfastly american. she painted the world she knew best, a world of quiet elegance and feminine tradition. she painted her subjects boldly and truthfully with remarkable discipline and intelligence. in the 1870s mary cassatt discovered the work of edgar degas. she later wrote, "it changed my life. i saw art then as i wanted to see it." she painted her subjects honestly, as they were. the beauty of her finest work combines mastery of the human figure with superb composition. her pictures were tight

>> the majority of the indians . look at their history, they have been removed and trailed tears and the united states government and the military is their y can traditionalga enemy.ings d hoping they can gain more independence. it

i guarantee you that some of our non-indian kids in the room right now will probably get more indian history than their whole curriculum will teach them in america. that is the reality and that is the ignorance by design that i like to say is what we are dealing with in america is ignorance by design. products of the education system in america, therefore how would they know the truth unless they went outside of our curriculum to know that. i was drafted by the cincinnati bengals and has some experience with tampa bay bucs in years. in a hobbit they call themselves a professional journeyman. it was a professional refugee and the football leagues. but that experience with all of the different mascots. as i have grown older, i like to call myself. it's been even more so with the efforts of many of the panelists here in indian country trying to get the truth out there. i did play against florida state and they did have the horse on our field at sun devil stadium. as a young person, a product of american education fortunately had my mother, beverly warne who many of you know was at arizon

now they can see the indians out there getting away. just like on cue, suddenly this howling northern comes down. the northern is a window that kimberly be followed texas where the temperature drops 50 or 60 degrees in an hour. -- the northern is a wind that can blow through texas where the temperature drops 50 or 60 degrees in an hour. into this howling gail quannah leads his people off and mackenzie and his men are forced to hunker down. i did not go into the details of this but essentially quanah got away. one of the key things about plains warfare was escape. there are few instances in history where a commander takes a village into the field against his adversary and wins. that is the kind of commander that quanah was, he was quite brilliant and he escaped to fight another day. he would not surrender until he led the last of the starving comanches to the reservation in 1875 after everyone of the food sources had been killed. that is all i wanted to say tonight. i would be happy to -- do we have time for questions? sorry? this mic. i

we are joined from new delhi, the indian capital. after aftershocks felt as far away as india. >> yes, we have felt them here for a few seconds, a fair amount of shaking causing anxiety across the northern belt. there has been an update as a result of that aftershock and that is that the indian defence ministry said it is suspending relief effort for the next few hours after that aftershock. as a result of that, you hear commercial flights are departed new delhi. because the airport is closed the lights have turned around and they are coming back to new delhi or redirected across the country. in terms of the district or nepal, and particularly relief and those in charge of the operations trying to get in and help nepal, those operations are at a standstill as a result of what we have had ongoing in nepal in the last few days. >> it's bad, because india has taken a leading role in the humanitarian response to this disaster. >> absolutely that's an important point to make given the tonnes of india. it started yesterday in the ours after

his talk to will been on the forgotten surrender and indian territory. since i did my dissertation on florida, i hope he'll mention florida a few times. burt dunkerly. [ applause ] >> thank you. >> good morning. i want to thank the organizers for having me. i really appreciate the invitation. it's great to be here with so many people interested in this topic. what i'd like to do is talk about all the surrenders. i do want to compare the surrenders and talk about how different they are because each of them unfolded in its own way and each of these surrenders happens independently and they each have a fascinating story and talk about how this whole ending of the war is going to set the stage for reconstruction. all right. we're not going to spend a lot of time on appamatix. the couple of points i do want to make is the campaign for all participants is going to be pretty grueling. as the armies move from richmond and petersburg to the west they're going to be marching and fighting every day. think about the state of the roads and the armies especially the co

what effect is he having on the indian economy? >> i take you back 12 months everybody was skeptical. what has happened is tremendous. he is not only the national leader, but an international leader. an international publication put him in the top 10 world influencers, if not the top five. he is doing a great job. that is a small flavor of how things are. i think the international engagement of india, which is utterly needed, is going to have a big impact. they are going to have agreements with international businesses. for example, in the eu, it will make it easier for our products to get in here. francine: he's been a phenomenal pr man. he's basically traveled more in the last four months than anyone else in the beginning of their tenure. he has been to the americas, to europe, and across the world. he has actually signed some deals. do we need to see more investment coming into india directly and is that going to happen in the next six months? karan: i think you have to take a longer view. when he came into power, he said, i need

he said, i joined the union army to fight texans in the civil war, not indians. on had other ideas for him. >> in the end, carson agrees to head up the campaign. for kit, it's the lessor of two evils. >> it is going to happen so it's better me than someone who doesn't care. and i can handle it in a way to maybe minimize suffering. >> kit carson might have had that type of an attitude towards this. >> i want you over here. >> instead of taking up arms ta with the navajo, carson attempts to starve them out. >> carson realized that he could not fight the navajo in conventional terms. instead he had to fight their land. he essentially had to destroy every cornfield, kill every horse, every sheep, every cow, and he had to perform the scorched earth campaign. this was the only way he realized he could bring the navajo nation to their feet. >> the merciless campaign drags on for months. what follows is the darkest events in american history. hey buddy, you're squashing me! liquid wart remover? could take weeks to treat. embarrassing wart? dr. scholl's freeze away wipes '

we're also hearing from the indian real ways being involved, sending water to nepal from india, which is a necessity as we're hearing at the moment. just going back to that point about mt. everest. this evening we're hearing in india that the indian armies everest expedition team was on everest at the time. they have reportedly recovered 18 bodies of mountaineers from everest who were reportedly killed in avalanches that resulted or were triggered as a result of the quake. we'll be keeping up-to-date with that story given that the indian army appears to be on the scene there. but recovery and relief efforts on the indian side aren't as widespread as we're looking at 40 people confirmed dead as a result of the earthquake from nepal. the indian sides we are side is mobilizing enough forces and expertise to get help across to nepal at the moment. >> thank you. >> the reason why this quake is significant, it's strength, 7.8 very power and it was shallow 10 to 15 kilometers down below. let's hear from dr. bapti the head of seismology who said that aftershocks will be likely for the next se

the american indian -- once again, grant had great sympathy for the american indians and one of the things he wanted to do was improve their lives. he wanted to clean up the indian bureaus. get rid of the political appointees as agents who were really the front-line people out of the west representing public government policy, and return it to religious organizations, to serve for those federal indian agencies. but although this is a great humanitarian notion, approach to the indian policy, it still had a fundamental flaw. and that was the primary means to change the indian culture. grant hopes they would become self sustaining farmers and would be it eligible to vote. but the indians resisted that kind of change. generals like sherman and sheridan thought no, probably extermination is the best policy. during the latter part of grant 's administration, incidents set off worker once again. although he continued to keep the religious organizations in place, there was warfare out west during the latter part of his administration. so overall i think it is a mixed record of achievements. but th

indian. one of the acts of congress that brought the family to indian territory was the dawes act.ferent nations' roles. they received an allotment of 160 acres. this allotment ended up sitting on top of one of the most productive oilfields in american history at the time. they drilled for oil about 20 miles south of tulsa. for a while, tom gilcrease is a young man, and he is a millionaire. and the united states at the time, the automobile is becoming a primary means of transportation. and then his business activities as a young man produced the wealth that allowed him to become the collector that he will become, to collect the art the anthropological, archaeological material, and the archival material. i think in many regards, the collection comes out of his native american ancestry. that will be a driving force in his collecting mission and vision. and then, i think he was also a very curious fellow. he was always wanting to know more. he was a lifelong learner. we use that term today. continually educating about the history of the americas. we are now on our on common ground exh

the indian government has this evening said it will be ramping up efforts byroad which means that it will be utilizing the points that it has along the open vast border it shares with nepal to get much needed aid in as well as well as to get indian nationals and other foreign nationals out of nepal out of safety and into india. >> how difficult is communication still? has there been any progress made on that front? because that is so key to relief efforts that people being able to communicate with their team. >> yeah. absolutely. >> was one key point that the indian government was making quite early on saturday. that's something that's continued to be a talking point here. major telecom companies have slashed the rates of phone calls to nepal not just in terms of communication between the expert people who had the expertise here and those who need it in nepal but also nepalese and indians, there are thousands on either side to help people communicate better. the indian government said on saturday, which work is obviously continuing to make sure all communication lines are restored. th

many have been in the cotton belt. >>> opposition olympic games the indian government for failing to protect interesting saying the government's shift from subsidy to investment is pushing low income farmers to the brink >>> what happened within a year? the country's farmers lost faith in the party, and prime minister narendra modi. the farmers feel that narenda modi's government it not pro farmers. modi's government is anti-farmers. >> there is no link between government policies and the suicide. they say people have taken their lives after destruction to their crops caused by severe weather. many farmers accused politicians of point scoring, and whether it's losing their crops or the prospect of losing their land. for some, it's a matter of life and death. >>> so why is the indian land acquisition bill so controversial. well, the changes allow the compulsory purchase of farm land without the consent of farmers. the farmers say they have not received promised compensation from the government for crop failure affecting millions of hectares this year, and are angry at what is seen as a

we should also update you on the situation of the choppers. indian air force choppers have landed on everest and they are involved in rescuing those stuck on everest as a result of avalanches triggered by the earthquake. that is particularly significant. keep in mind, we have been hearing from forces that we have been talking to, that the indian and nepalese armies share resources, given critical hours next 48 hours when rescue efforts can really be accelerated and relief kicks in. as far as the indian side as well india's foreign minister, says there will be more to come. more expertise and more specific experts and relief aid will be sent from india depending on the scale and enormity of what we're looking at in nepal at the moment. >> okay dlit liddy dutt there liddy, thank you. >>> what exactly caused that quake? over time, that's how the himalayas were created. the strongest earthquake there year, a 7.8 magnitude. at relatively short department, 17 or 18 meters below the surface. survivors described how a wall of snow and ice slammed into a sect

this is a treaty with the cherokee indians and other tribes in 1836, actually very early 1836. it is signed february 23 which was right at the beginning of the siege of the alamo. this was work done by sam houston who had always had a close relationship with the cherokees. and the significance of this was that the texans wanted to try to be sure that the cherokees and other bands of native americans would be either neutral or on the side of the texan colonists and they do not want to side with mexico if hostilities arose. this was something that had been worked on for some months but with war with mexico impending there was much urgency to get this signed. unfortunately, these -- the stipulations of the treaty were not honored and the cherokee did not get their lands and the major sigatory on here was colonel duali. he was killed in 1839 at the battle of natchez in northeast texas and the rest of the cherokee, most of them had to cross the border into indian territory which is now oklahoma. this contains the signatures or the marks of the indians who participated in it as well a

so they put up the fence but the fence is on the indian side. >> yeah. mland. >> yes. >> so people who live over here can farm over there. >> can farm over there. >> the punjab is a fertile region in an otherwise very dry country. this is india's bread basket. with over a billion people currently residing in india, every inch of fertile punjabi soil has great value. these are people who own land over there. >> yes. >> then they put the fence. >> yes. >> suddenly your life became difficult. >> exactly. they can only grow some kind of crops, and they can't farm more than eight hours in a day. >> how long does it take to get back and forth? >> the border security force manage these gates, so they have times when they can enter and come out. >> how much farther can we go before they start to get worried? >> i think we can just go to that pole. >> when india and pakistan were separated, the attempt was to try to draw a line across religious lines. >> exactly. >> drained by the colossal task of fighting two world wars, in 1947 great britain decided to end their

i get the indian move. it is a way to draw attention to the plight. it is not that they feel slighted but they use it as a platform. a good move by the indians and bad move by twitter. >> joanne, you are an actress? do you support them for walking off the set. >> i can play ethnically ambiguous. >> you can maybe do a native american, couldn't you? >> i can do anyone. >> she has bieber's breath. >> that's not even an insult. have you ever smelled the breath of a beaver? they are clean. they are always chipping on the wood. >> you know what happens? i don't think the actors were offended. they knew they were doing an adam sandler movie -- or project. but then they heard it was just going to netflix and they go oh, we don't want to do this anymore. crap we need a legitimate reason to leave. >> netflix is big. that's legitimate now. >> surely in materials of residuals and rights and getting paid and all of that stuff, i don't know. i don't know if it is better to do netflix. >> i don't know if they were going to make a heck of a lot of money anyway. >> th

there are suggestions that there are some ground efforts round up from the indian side into nepal in the coming days. we may see some of that mobile gas station. i know we've been talking about that. indian has suggested it is doing all it can to help communication lines to help india and nepal stay open and keeping in mind that there are many indians in nepal as well. restoring them and dropping the coal rates the indian government said that that's taking place to ensure that people can remain connect: the indian army has helped to recover 13 bodies of mountaineers on everest. it's suggested that some people have died on everest as a result of avalanches that have occurred after the quake took place. can air efforts being undertaken considering the situations that they're in as well as land efforts. >> let's go to new delhi via skype with the spokesman. have you been able to get to nepal. >> that has been the biggest challenge. there are still some with whom we have no communication. >> time is the essence. how do you tackle the situation and get it people who need your help. >> we h

. >> the former indian ambassador to nepal explained the difficultics rescuing getting aid to survivors. >> kathmandu is in a valley surrounded by hills. most of the city is about from a few major streets, most of the city are small lanes, almost like rabbet warrens. most of the buildings are not at all earthquake-proof. they have not been built according to normalmodern day norms of buildings. the difficultsy not about relief material reaching nepal. the difficulty is that they will reach nepal but from the airport or from other points of collection. to get it out to the people particularly the women, the elderly, the children food water, tents and milk and so on, that's going to be one major problem after, of course the first priority which is to save lives. many who are killed may be alive under the rubble and the debris of the earthquake so that is the very difficult situation you are facing while a number of other countries have offered aid and are providing funds as well as materials. the relief effort tackling this crisis has to be a valient effort. the effort really started on t

the effort really started on the indian side. from the prime minister level after the earthquake hit nepal. within hours, the indian air force was on its way to evacuate indians to deliver relief supplies. >> foreigners have been queueing at the arrest port trying to catch a flight out. passenger flights have been delayed or cancelled. locals and foreign tourists have spent a cold and wet night sleeping there. some with little food or water. >> there was a piece of paper saying a flight it been cancelled from 9:00 o'clock this morning. that's the only information we have had. >> earthquake happened so we stay here for a whole night. it's cold. no food no water. no camp. we want to go home. >> the commit of the red cross helped reunite people friends or relatives in nepal. the address for that site is on your screen right now. you can go there to search or register for a missing person and also see a list of the missing and those who have been found. in burundi two people have been killed after police opened fire. hundreds have bee

the american indian -- once again, grant had great sympathy for the american indians and one of the things he wanted to do was improve their lives. he wanted to clean up the indian bureaus. get rid of the political appointees as agents who were really the front-line people out of the west, representing public government policy, and return it to religious organizations, to serve for those federal indian agencies. but although this is a great humanitarian notion, approach to the indian policy, it still had a fundamental flaw. and that was the primary means to change the indian culture. grant hopes they would become self sustaining farmers and would be it eligible to vote.

it started on the indian side from the prime minister and cabinet level immediately after the earthquake. within hours the indian air force was on its way to evacuate indiants and deliver splice. >>> people in kazakhstan is voting in an election. president nazanine moshiri is expected to win and extend his rule. critics say developments caused them to call for an early vote. we have this report. >> i'm in a central location in the heart of avt jpa, at a -- astana at a polling station where people have been coming in and out. many government employees, feeling it's their civic duty to approach. and from employers, to name sure they cast their ballots. let's take a look. it's part of a party atmosphere. music, children, gifts being given - like irons and kitchen utensils because they are voting for the first time some of them. most people would consider this election a foregone conclusion. the president has been in power has been in power for quarter of a century. if the candidates. let's take a look, there's two opposing nursultan nazarbayer. if they were charismatic and have funding and

not concede they also reviewed indians as cultural the as others. d officials invoke the doctrine of necessity which often would cause higher rates of casualties'. even so the protection does detailed reflected the ambivalence americans felt and responses to use sand creek show the response to the conviction and within days critics have leaders of the christian and organization added their voices to a rising tide of condemnation. publishing report field indiscriminately slaughtered indians and the paper printed that india's murdered by ever troops national since the demand punishment. calling it a disgraceful act unfit for the age that we live. over the next decade it came to symbolize an assault on women and children and tight indian writers would write on the attacks and religious leaders acknowledge the attacks but typically attributed them to fail policy improve actions by immigrants the willingness to condemn offenses to contextualize the indian was reflected many american sense that they were civilized enough to refrain from killing innocent by

during the plate motion the indian towards the eurasian. there's no predict. given a likelihood and area expected. >> can you see a time in the future when we will be able to predict or be more specific about the forecasting? >> that's a difficult question. many are watching on this. we don't - as i said we don't call it prediction we call the research on earthquake predictability. we need to find out the processes and death that leads to the mutilation of an earthquake. and how can we measure the processes and quantify them in the space and time. it's hard. there are scientists that may try to understand the problem. it may take 50 years, maybe we will never be able to do that. professor, the same awful 7.8 mag ni tute earthquake could have happened in california and the loss of life would have been less. what role does city planning and preparation play in things like this? >> yes, that's a good question. you know being prepared is the main factor. we cannot predict it, earthquakes, and prepare, but we can build buildings and mitigation once the disaster str

the indian government have been running air evacuation flights the last few days in and out of sanaa. in extraordinarily difficult conditions and within a tight time frame as granted to them by the saudi arabian air force. they've been told they only half half an hour to load those waiting at the airport. you see the runway is unharmed. but all around it, you get a sense of the impact of those saudi air strikes. you see behind me the military aircraft all destroyed. all the while we've been here, the houthi military police car has been circling the plane. time is of the essence in the rescue operation. officials still nowhere to be seen. finally they come, all leaving their lives behind. this plane can't carry any cargo because it will slow it down. all these people that you're seeing could only come on with what they can carry in their hands. they rush to take their seats, finally safe. finally able to close their eyes. >> my goodness. no gunshots being fired every minute. sometimes the sparkling lights. no some women crying, children terrified. >> reporter: as quickly as they're loa

we must make the vast seas searching from the pacific -- starting from the pacific to the indian oceans, seas of peace and freedom. we all follow the rule of law. for this very reason, we must for theify the u.s.-japan -- we must for theify the u.s.-japan -- fortify the u.s.-japan alliance. that is our responsibility. now, let me tell you in japan we are working hard to enhance the foundation of our security. once in place, japan will be much more able to provide a response for all levels of classes. these companies between the u.s. military and japan defense forces ever stronger and the alliance still more solid providing credible deterrence for the peace in the region. the form is the first of its kind and a fitting one in our post-war history. we will achieve this by this coming summer. now, i have something to share with you. the day before yesterday secretaries kerry and carter met our foreign minister and defense minister pour consultations. as a result we now have a new framework, a framework to better put together the forces of the u.s. and japan a framework that is in line with

. >>> the indians came within two outs of their first no-hitter in almost 34 years. ree pitchers combined to no-hit the astros. jed lawrie homers a solo shot with one out in the ninth. the indians win it 5-1. >>> security for the kentucky derby, banned items include selfie sticks and remote-controlled aircraft including drones. >>> say good-bye to jalil okafor. coach k. saying he's entering the nba draft in june along with some of the university of kentucky players. >> if you've decided to put your name in the draft, why don't you stand up? really? all right, there you go. >> count them. one, two, three, four five six, seven players going pro. >>> he as pro in many ways. all net. barcelona soccer player martin montoya was bored with goals and went for a three-pointer at the training grounds basketball hoop instead, boom. did he even hit the rim? >>> a first look at jared lito as the joker. what jimmy fallon's calling the best "tonight show" performance ever. you're watching "early today." >>> welcome back. the weekend forecast is going to bring smiles to millions. onl

operation, one drone strike that killed ahmed farouq deputy emir operational leader of al qaeda in the indian subcontinent. it was that operation that killed the american warren weinstein and the italian giovanni lo porto. it was a separate strike that killed adam gadahn. same area afghanistan/pakistan border region both in january, but a separate strike. >> let's bring in cnn military analyst james spider mark joining us by the phone. one of the things interesting senior administration official told our state department correspondent that the operations targeting al qaeda, the operation was targeting al qaeda combatants and u.s. intelligence had, quote, near certainty there were no hostages at the target site of course. of course, this is a target site that did have hostages. i think this once again shows that intelligence is flawed. and as much as we would like to believe that intelligence is concrete and airtight there really are no defs when it comes to this type of-- no definites when it comes to this type of intelligence gathering. >> it is not a scientific endeavor it is one of gaps. m

the police line. >> we own north america. we are north american indians whether you guys like it or not. >> on the sides, they were police dogs and police with ammunition. and the women here have their feathers. i went there with my rosaries and the other ladies were chanting and drumming. >> they were yelling move back! move back! so we didn't move. we linked arms and we stayed there. and we were pushing against them. and then all of a sudden pepper spray comes out of nowhere. and i looked back and i seen doris. she had gotten sprayed in the face. and all she had was a rosary... >> it didn't hit your at first but it did and then there was young bull standing and came over and grabbed me. because i would have been knocked down like those cops when they push, push, push. >> the picture of a great grandmother pepper-sprayed by police had a profound effect on the people of elsipogtog. >> but it wouldn't be the only lasting image. >> and i just had this feather and i didn't know what to do. and the first thought in my mind was, pray. so i kneeled down in the

, come back, because we couldn't land, so, where we did land, what you did see was the aid, and the indian air forces coming in with aid and a dutch contingents of rescue, search and rescue, and nearly 80 of them, arriving early in the morning and beginning their work. >>> so, evening once, whatever aid gets in, how is it being digs tribilitied, in some of those more remote areas? >>> well, the government, and it is hard to see doing that, at the moment, and what we do know what i do know, having spoken to some of the aide workers, they had said, in any disaster situation not just here but south asia, and it's always a bit of a mess. until one aid agency, raises its head or steps up to the mark and, takes charge. at the moment, that doesn't seem to have happened. >>> we don't have one guiding the others, and until they get together and able to talk about the aid of where it needs to go, at the moment, it's not there. and the medical approach, by pakistan and india and, has been very efficient, and the camps are being set up and, they are supplying local water and some food supplies but not

he was a prominent man on the reservation where i grew up.on, he was an indian judge. took care of all the children. anybody that didn't keep the tim curfew, you had to see old judge old person. he was very strict.ut >> without him we wouldn't have not the native american side of the story. >> should that come into play in appraising sandy solomon's strange inheritance? yes yes, says art praiser barbara stone. >> was he an artist or just someone whod documented a a s side ofe is history? >> he is an artist.prod absolutely. when youomet can produce something like this with your hands, tist. that's an artist.ted >> so who is interested in a s sho collection like this? >> this should go to a university, a museum that can share it with the american his public. >> why? >> because ofc the historic d t background. because he has captured the essence of the individual.hey >> which sounds descriptive lie like they're very nice pictures of people who were interesting, but how do you gopp about yourrais appraisal? >> when you look at a painting, al you are going to look at k uniqu

france won a contract worst up to $23 billion to supply 126 combat jets to the indian air force in 2012. but the deal hits a snag when neither side could agree on pricing. egypt reached a $5.5 billion,. france has already shown the world what these jets can do. most recently using them to fight isil. it needs these deals to keep competition at bay. >> we have strong competitors in the west. then the french aerospace industry could make contributions to the west having . >> this largely has to do with national identity. remember france did not go in with much of the rest of europe on its fighter jet airplane project. it chose to go it alone. now it's the newer friends that it needs to keep on side. if this objecttive national pride is really to succeed in the long term. al jazeera paris. >> bangladesh plans to hang mohammed rizaman on saturday. he was found guilty of overseeing a massacre in the war of indians independence in 1971. >>> the biggest gun lobby in the usa is gathering for a conference in tennessee. >> as america becomes more and more urban the share of households that owns g

>> the majority of the indians . look at their history, they have been removed and trailed tears and the united states government and the military is their y can traditionalga enemy.ings d hoping they can gain more independence. it's natural. things turn around at the end ofho the war. it's because of the treatment of a the united states government andnce back the homeland and we settled in oklahoma. they had a chance to end it. thank you. >> for those who have more questions for bert he is in the lobby signing his book so you can ask your questions there. >> you have been watching american history tv. more from the seminar on the closing of the civil war in 1865. coming up the battles of sailor's creek and the battle of appomatlox. >> later today, the ceremonies marking the 150th anniversary. in april of 1865 confederate general robert e lee met ulysses s grant andsz/ endered his army of northern virginia ending introduce our next speaker. dr. coles: our second speaker is casey clabough. casey is a professor at lynch

annette: in germany the indian prime ministers scheduled talks. stephen: it is important for narendra modi. he is continuing to push is made in india campaign designed to encourage foreign companies to set up manufacturing in the country. india is right 142 out of 180 countries when it comes to the ease of doing business by the world bank. narendra modi is trying to prove to german investors that that has changed under his leadership. pm modi: we are creating a stable economic environment that inspires confidence at home and abroad. we are pursuing strong discipline, fiscal discipline, to do that. i know how much chancellor merkel will emphasize that point. stephen: let's get what is happening on the markets. european shares trading slightly down in trading. it hit record highs last week. the shares coming back slightly from that position. mining companies have been hit by figures from china showing a sharp drop in exports, adding to concerns on the health of the second-largest economy. in china we have seen chinese shares rise earlier because inve

it has to be a joint effort between the indian army air force, agencies and people of nepal >>> a final thought. you mentioned the issue of the airport in kathmandu. we know it's tiny. there's a danger it will be overwhelmed with the volume of aid and spies coming in. >> you pre-empted me. i was going mention that having experience not of dealing directly with the disaster but present in areas around the world. it is going to happen there's no stopping it. the airport, the small airport is saturated taking it simply to get it out of the airport, and a cautionary word. there'll be n gos and others who will be, with all good will and efficiency flying with stuff and insist on it coming out under control. the best thing for them to do is get the material in get it in and back off >>> former indian ambassador mukherjee, thank you for sharing your thoughts >>> let's talk to the spokesman for the international red cross, joining us from kuala lumpur. talks us through what your team is doing on the ground and challenges they are facing. >> some of the main challenges right now are the new afte