on the impeachment of president andrew johnson. that's part of the symposium commemorating the 50th anniversary -- of the ratification of 14th amendment to the constitution. >> we will end with mark summers, who is the thomas clark professor at the department of history at the department of the history in kentucky and lexington. and, so, i don't know whether ending with mark means that we are ending again with a southerner, or a northerner. went to berkeley for his ph.d.. or one of those famous border states. i know i've lecture it in kentucky many times. what i've learned from being in kentucky, is, kentucky succeeded after -- and became a confederate state and the late 18 sixties. and, before that was in the united states. and that is in a sense the complexity that we're dealing with a 13th among those being considered -- the delicate's, and the members of the house for kentucky tried to get a kentucky adds exemption to the 13th amendment. and, they did not do so. mark is currently working on two books. one on the andrew johnson's

to intervene in the south. now, johnson has some really good attorneys, and his attorneys responded to this legal claim or charge by saying, hold it stanton didn't even come on to the act. he was appointed by lincoln, up by johnson. and further, even if he did come under the act, the only reason johnson was doing this was to get the supreme court to rule on the constitutionality of that. now that, is a crucial interesting question. you have a president defy a law to get a constitutional ruling. well, how is the legal issue represented in three words. well dickson more less aborted. there was one theory that johnson was actually helping john looks booth and sensationalism, such as the involvement of teenage sculpture benny greene. the other to do deal with the legal issue. although the film mistakenly says the tenure of office to act bids forbids dismissal of a cabinet by lincoln. -- it's kennedy delighted in knowing that the act was branded unconstitutional 1926. how do we get to ten to this notion versus politics an opposi

i'll speak for the two of them. johnson's accusers did not give the president a fair trial on the formal issues won which they were drawn. but intended to depose him from the white house on grounds for refusal to accept policies. it was that many of those policy disagreements that become law. and one of the charges against johnson was that he the political mystique of not doing his duty to execute them. so at the time, there was a strong argument for political grounds for impeachment. sumner tried to get rid of the college. he admits some of the bomb bass made some crucial points. the fact that the house impeaches in the senate and not the supreme court tries indicates the founding fathers recognized the political aspect. why does the chief justice preside over. it could benefit from impeachment. he cites the federalist who says you can have impeachment for abuse or violations of the trust. which is political. sumner cites his mentor, joseph storey, saying you could have impeachment for misconduct, gross negligent or disregar

now to the film 1942, tennessee johnson. johnson -- obviously the focus is not on ross. it's on johnson and in fact ross doesn't even appear. and ross is played by van heflen who just wob an usker and the film acknowledges its medium requires taking certain liberties. for instance even though johnson doesn't appear during his own trial in the film he comes in and gives his own defense. the screen writer by the way had written the screenplay for portraying monsters. for kennedy what was at stake was the checks and balances of government, the independent office as a coordinate branch of government was on trial. dixon agrees with that. he has -- this is a chapter called the supreme test and he says almost exactly the same as kennedy. if a partisan majority in congress could remove the executive stability to civic institutions was at an end. ultimately for him, however, the real supreme question was will the u.s. remain a white republic? in the film it has those stakes but also wants to rally support for the war efforts by stressing national unity. so how does it do that? wel

the union should be saved at all costs. and andrew johnsonaveholder that he was, was a man that in 1864 had come to support the emancipation proclamation and would twist arms in tennessee, his native state, to get that state to ratify the end of slavery as in fact it did. so johnson didn't look like that absurd choice not back then. what else? i guess we're set. great. >> weeknights this month we're featuring american history tv programs as a preview of what's available every weekend on c-span 3. during the great depression almost one quarter of the u.s. working population was unemployed. this gave rise to an increasing number of itinerant workers commonly referred to as hoboes. tonight jeffrey urban with the franklin d. roosevelt presidential library and museum explains the origins of this term and how hoboes have been romanticized in popular culture. >> every saturday at 8:00 p.m. eastern on american history tv on c-span 3, go inside a different college classroom and hear about topics ranging from the american revolution, civil rights and u

that's in the constitution. but johnson is acting in a way that no previous president had done with regard to that power and the constitution. he's acting in a rather radical revolutionary way compared to all previous presidents. and what he does is consistently vetoing congressional attempts at reconstruction. first the freedmen's bureau bill, a civil rights bill, trying to guarantee civil rights for african-americans and all other people in the united states. and eventually congress decides it needs to be even more aggressive in reconstruction. what they turn to is article iv, section 4 of the constitution. it says the united states shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government. now, remember this. we're going to be coming back to this very language. lots of different people use it for different purposes during the civil war era. what this means is that the federal government is supposed to -- that it's the federal government's responsibility to make sure that every state, whether it's tenne

we have the cartoonist thomas nash. andrew johnson lies dead. the house managers of impeachment brandishing their knives have just saved the republic. now what i ought to ask you right here and now, what is wrong with that picture? does anybody know? is there a problem there that any of you know from your history courses? >> what? he was not convicted. he was not assassinated out there. it doesn't make sense. it just -- it's a bafflement. you know, you think to yourself, wait, what's going on here out there? i mean, there's the impeachers actually and so on and so on, and you look at it, and johnson's acquitted. this never happened. well, why did nash draw this cartoon? did he actually draw this before the trial was over thinking that johnson would be convicted? well, that sounds like a plausible thing, and then he had to use it sooner or later, except that's not the case. look carefully at the would be assassins right there, and what you discover right there is over to the right there is thaddeus stevens, not to be confused with tommy lee jones.

what if it's the one from johnson & johnson? will that be appropriate? guest: that's a great question. i think there will be a time where people have a lot of questions about numbers of doses and different vaccines. right now, the recommendation is you stick with just one vaccine. if you get moderna or pfizer, you would come back four weeks later. it's three weeks for the pfizer. if you happen to get the johnson & johnson vaccine, there is not currently a second shot recommended. you would not be expected to do that. we would not mix-and-match. we don't have the studies to support that yet. someday we may get to a situation where we know we can do that and the best ways to do it. right now, stick with the first vaccine. i will say there is ongoing studies of two vase -- doses of the johnson & johnson to see if that improves the efficacy further or make it last longer. when we get the results, the recommendation could change and people will be offered a second dose. host: that brings up a story that was on npr this week when they were talking about compani

and johnson job the f.d.a. advisory panel had indorse the single dose vaccine for emergency use after a vote on friday 4000000 doses are ready to be shipped well gable is on the joins us live now from washington d.c. gabe so the f.d.a. has now approved the johnson and johnson jab what more do we know about this vaccine. well this is a significant on multiple levels but it is one shot vaccine that's different than the moderna and pfizer vaccines that are the only others that are available here in the u.s. those take 2 shots the 1st shot the prime as they call it and then 30 days later about the 20 to 30 days later what they call the 2nd shot being the boost this johnson and johnson is significant because it is only one shot and experts say and medical professionals say that's significant because that means they can get this out to people faster and get them fully vaccinated faster that's the good news. some people though are saying a little bit of the bad news is that the johnson and johnson vaccine has about a

sort of living under the world of johnson. the attitudes of johnson, in ways that we might not be living through all of the attitudes of other more illustrious and well-known presidents, who had a sort of aspirational understanding of what the country was supposed to be. he represents the sort of, real face of the country. and that particular moment. it was a face that we have been trying to change. in the decades since his death. we've had some success. but he certainly somebody who i think, his life is very much worth studying. as an interim between lincoln and grant, he's there. and, he's a reminder of what's not to do. of ways not to be. sometimes those can be incredibly valuable lessons. so with that, i would like to take your questions. thank you. the johnson ever realize, by saying the black should go back to their prostate, that he was actually oppressing his own people, the working class whites? >> no. that's a good question. he was tremendously clever, he had tremendous drive. but not a lot of foresight. i remember, h

the johnson & johnson one shot vaccine here in the u.s. tonight, the new report from the fda, showing the one-shot vaccine is safe and effective. 86% effective at preventing severe illness here in the u.s. 100% effective at preventing hospitalizations or deaths. tonight, with emergency use authorization likely coming within days, how this will likely help vaccinate more americans a bit sooner. dr. jha is here on that tonight, and what you need to know about this particular vaccine. >>> also, new reporting tonight on tiger woods. the surgery, what was done to help save his shattered leg, his ankle, his foot. a car like the one he was driving just moments before the crash. authorities calling it a dangerous stretch of road. more than a dozen accidents in just the last year in that spot. and what the sheriff is now saying about this crash. and what doctors are saying tonight about tiger woods' future as a golfer. matt gutman standing by with late reporting. >>> the state attorney general under growing pressure tonight to resign following a de

& johnson vaccine. thewest weapon against covid here in the u.s., johnson & johnson's vaccine 85% effective against severe cases of covid. 100% effective at preventing hospitalizations and deaths. it could be stored in normal refrigeration. how many doses will be shipped right away. how many next month and what you need to know about this one-shot vaccine that many are calling a game changer. >>> sothid ministration declasse report on the murder of u.s. based journalist jamal khashoggi, pointing the finger at saudi arabia's crown prince, accusing him of the brutal

that's in the constitution. but johnson is acting the way no previous president and ever done, regarding that power of the constitution. he's acting in a rather radical revolutionary way, as opposed to other previous presidents. and when he does it's consistently veto in congressional attempts at reconstruction. among freedmn's bill, the civil rights bill, to guarantee civil rights for all americans in the united states. and then congress decides it's gonna be more aggressive in reconstruction. what they turn to this article four, section four of the constitution. it says the united states are guaranteed to every state in the union republican form of government. remember this, we're gonna be coming back to this very language. lots of people use it for lots of different purposes during the civil war era. what it means is that it's the federal government's responsibility that every state, whether it's tennessee, massachusetts, or california has republican form of government. not an oligarchy, not despotism, but a republican f

pfizer, moderna, and johnson & johnson. the fda calls johnson & johnson's vaccine safe to use, clearing one hurdle in the evaluation process. the agency's independent advisers will meet to discuss the vaccine on friday and could recommend the fda authorize it for emergency use. the formal decision could come just days later. abc7 news reporter lyanne melendez joins us live from the newsroom with a look at the vaccine options now on the table. lyanne? >> i'm here to tell you why the medical community is enthusiastic about vaccine number three. and that is because they are focused on two things, keeping people out of hospitals and keeping people alive the johnson & johnson vaccine does that very well. the johnson & johnson covid-19 vaccine will add to the much needed supply to combat the pandemic. here's how it stacks up against the other two vaccines. only one shot is needed, while moderna and pfizer require two. the johnson & johnson vaccine can be stored in a refrigerator for up to three months. the other two vaccines need to

-19 vaccine could be authorized for emergency use as soon as this weekend make the johnson johnson shot a 3rd vaccine authorized for emergency use in the u.s. vaccinations are picking up speed but. >>new supplies and doses are urgently needed to stay ahead of the mutated virus. it has already killed more than 500,000 americans joining us local infectious disease expert doctor, peter, chin-hong with ucsf thank you doctor as always for sharing time with us ok now the johnson johnson close to approval. >>how much does this affect the timeline and getting back to some kind of normal. >>well i think it's going have a big impact on the timeline to clean the timeline eminently for both searing the supply chain. i did to the fact that pfizer and moderna promise more doses i think going to probably the 600 million doses of pfizer moderna and 100 million doses of stuff, jane j by july. >>well, there's 300 million americans so it sounds like everybody would be covered. i think so you know we were kind of customers say, but again with pfizer moderna. >>you have to divide by 2 that's the kind of my

& johnson across thech could directly translate to 4 million people being fully vaccinated this week with johnson & johnson. this one additional vaccine, especially one that could be stored at refrigerated temperatures for months at a time is a real game-changer. >> there are small differences between the pfizer and the moderna vaccines when you look at the efficacy numbers, both around 95%. there is more of a difference between those and the johnson & johnson vaccine which was 66% effective in preventing moderate to severe disease in its global trial, 72% effective in the u.s. can you explain why comparisons between these vaccines may not tell the full story? >> there are three reasons. one is that the trials were done at different time points. so the time that moderna and pfizer were doing their trials was earlier, before we had so many of these other variants and before we had such substantial surges as was what's happening when the johnson & johnson trial was done. the second is the johnson & johnson

& johnson vaccine. the vote coming one day after the fda issued emergency use authorization for the single-shot vaccine. cdc director dr. rochelle walensky could sign off on the recommendation by the end of the day. cnn health reporter jacqueline howard joining me now. jacqueline, how much closer does this new vaccine bring americans to ending the pandemic? >> any time a covid-19 vaccine gets authorized, with johnson & johnson now being the third, it is a step forward in the fight against covid-19. and with the amount of vaccine doses that will be made available as soon as the cdc gives its recommendation that this vaccine can be used, we are going to see the capacity for vaccinations increase by about 25% with the rollout of the johnson & johnson vaccine. but before shots start going into arms, we do need to hear from the cdc panel that you mentioned. they're meeting right now to discuss who this vaccine is best for and to recommend how it can be used. the fda told us, yes, it can be used with authorizatio

those representing the sponsor johnson as well as the public. your participation is very important because you will see an open meeting discussing scientific findings in action. and now i'd like to turn over to the designated federal officer for this meeting. >> good morning, everyone. this is my great for designated and the advisory meeting. on behalf of the centers for biologic research and i'd like to welcome everyone. the meeting as mentioned for use authorization of janssen biotech vaccine to 18 years and older. this meeting and the topic were announced and 2021-- the excellent contribution for the staff in my decision and the great support team we have for this meeting. providing excellent preparing for this meeting. and monique hill, dr. dewine, and-- thank you for your support. i'd also like to express sincere appreciation for taking the meeting for today and a shout out to many of the staff working hard behind the scenes trying to ensure today's meeting will also be one like the previous three were fascinating from the topics. for today

he was probably understating the claim. johnson was a person who actually despised african-american people, and you think about the -- it's hard to say, but the problem with, the tragedy that at the moment when the fates of african-american people in the united states were being decided, he was at the helm of the government. johnson had been the person who did not care for slavery, but he did not like slavery because he thought that it was bad for the poor, white class for which he had sprung. andrew johnson -- it's interesting you have to try to find something to admire about people. good to say about people when you are writing a whole book about them, right? you don't want to be just condemning people. you want to be as fair as possible. to his great credit, he came from nowhere, and he made something of himself. he started out in a poor family. i'm sure many of you may know he did not really learn to read until he was a late teenager. his wife eliza taught him how to write after they got married. he had been apprenticed to a ta

the johnson & johnson vaccine is a step closer to getting authorized. were there any concerns as you were reviewing the data? >> we really didn't have any concerns. there's not a big safety signal here. >> reporter: dr. ganltz is part of the fda panel that gave the vaccine the green light today. data shows the one-dose johnson & johnson vaccine is 85% effective at preventing severe illness. it will make it easier to distribute across the state is the basic storage requirement. >> there's not a storage issue and there's not the need for the dramatic go dramatic cold degrees the other vaccines need. >> reporter: johnson & johnson says they're on track to deliver 100 million doses by the end of june. governor gavin newsom says california is set to receive the first batch next week if authorized. >> we anticipate receiving 380,000, 380,300 doses of the j & j vaccine next week, and predictably over the next three weeks. >> reporter: another aspect that will impact distribution is the statewide system. by march 31st, california is expected to be switched over

and the news about the johnson & johnson vaccine today, the third safe vaccine. it's out. they approved it today. we will use every conceivable way to expand manufacturing of the vaccine, of the third vaccine, to make even more rapid progress getting shots in arms. here is what else. we are increasing the number of vaccinators. we have brought back retired doctors and nurses. we've already deployed over 1500 medical professionals. we have seen the natural disasters from fema. we are lining up thousands more. today, as of today we have provided 3.8 million dollars for states, territories, and tribes to provide new vaccination centers and ramp up existing ones. we are providing personnel and equipment, including the use of national guards. here in texas, there are hundreds of vaccinators and three mass vaccination centers. they can vaccinate thousands of texans a day. i want to show the american people the extraordinary effort being made, undertaken, the most difficult operational challenge this nation has ever faced. it's remarkable. 6000 doses a day. folks who are eligible

so we heard the johnson & johnson vaccine will help protect more people faster, so beyond, you know, vious, more vials, more shots to give, why is this great news for americans? >> well, certainly this is well-timed news. as we know there has been globally a decline in coronavirus but the gains made in the u.s. have started to plateau as well and there are ove over 60 million americans that would be high priority, high risk that are still on waiting lists and this j & j authorization means we can start immunizing individuals, whoever wants a vaccine, up to 20 million by the end of march, 100 million by june. so all of this means that we have more tools in our kit to be able to protect people from covid, reduce deaths and reduce hospitalizations. so this is an enormous gain because we are able to easily transport it as we've already discussed and, again, it has a really easy storage requirements as well. so overall it does mean that we are going to have much more protection across the population. >> now, a recent study out of london shows adults between 20 and 49 could be the biggest s

gives emergency approval to a 3rd coded 900 vaccine the one dose johnson and johnson job is expected to bolster efforts in fighting the pandemic. and brazil's president threatens to count emergency aid to states imposing lockdowns. hello i'm daryn jordan this is al jazeera live from doha also coming up. fallen spirals and yemen's marriage problems as government forces try to save their last stronghold in the country's center from hoofy rebels. stranded and unwanted we take a look at the plight of bringing the refugees that bangladesh is refusing to take after they were rescued by india's poster. well we begin with a welcome development in the fight against covert 19 the u.s. has become the 1st country in the world to approve a johnson and johnson coronavirus vaccine is the country's 3rd 1st single dose jab . the f.d.a. has just announced emergency use authorization of a 3rd a vaccine for america this one made by ensign also did call johnson and johnson it's all the same but this is really good news means we have the opportunity for even more people to get immunized as soon as possible

& johnson going out. of course, the limiting thing is supply. so it looks like we may have around 4 million doses going out by next week. but it seems that johnson & johnson is prepared to ramp that up very quickly so we could have more on the order of 40 million by the end of march. so going through the spring, having that extra supply will be very valuable and really gives us a lot of hope for how the summer into the fall could be transformat. >> does that mo mean next week there could be shots in the arms of the johnson & johnson vaccine? or do you expect a delay? >> well there could be as we have seen. we've had challenging in distributes to states and then to distribution sites, and getting all the logistics of actually getting the vaccine to collide with people's arms. however a lot of the bugs have been worked out with distribution of the first two vaccines. hopefully that has built in some efficiencies. and hopefully states are already planning right now for how they prioritize the vaccines to certain population

so as it stands right now the johnson and johnson vaccine has actually been studied in south africa in a very large trial that included the elderly as well and so they already have the evidence to show that against the variant in south africa no one has 5 or one y. b. to be a johnson and johnson vaccine is efficacious against that and it's 85 percent if a case is against hospitalization and to be a disease so bad basis we feel quite confident to move forward with the johnson and johnson we do however want to ensure we have a diversity of products and so we do need to assess its effect of the efficacy of each new vaccine whether it's as to seneca of pfizer or i think those will have to be assessed as part of that all out. and that was salim abdul karim south africa's leading infectious disease specialist speaking with me a short while ago let's look at some of the other developments in the pandemic british authorities say it's likely that people would need to receive a booster of the couvade $1000.00 vaccine and then subsequent annual vaccinations like the flu shot the u.k. like many co

. >>> within the past 90 minutes, the johnson & johnson vaccine received the green light from the fda, and experts are already calling it a game changer. >> if there is going to be, if they're going to be problems of the variants, that is when the johnson & johnson vaccine becomes really helpful because then you can, you can vaccinate around those so-called vaccinations. >>> plus covid relief bill or blank check for blue states, it passes the house. now the battle really begins. we have a report. >>> a strong show of support as hureurto nounce these senseless attacks targeting the y 'sas counity.k nds a the mmity that are not alone. >>> 90 minutes ago the fda officially cleared the johnson & johnson single shot covid vaccine for emergency use. it officially gives americans a third vaccine option and that could reach us by early next week. they have pledged to revive the u.s. with hundred million doses by the end of june. it is somewhat less effective, though, than the moderna and pfizer shots overall but it showed 85% efficacy against severe illness and complete protection against cov

the johnson & johnson vaccine is a step closer to getting authorized. were there any concerns as you were reviewing the data? >> we really didn't have any concerns. there's not a big safety signal here. >> reporter: dr. ganltz is part of the fda panel that gave the vaccine the green light today. data shows the one-dose johnson & johnson vaccine is 85% effective at preventing severe illness. it will make it easier to distribute across the state is the basic storage requirement. >> there's not a storage issue and there's not the need for the dramatic go dramatic cold degrees the other vaccines need. >> reporter: johnson & johnson says they're on track to deliver 100 million doses by the end of june. governor gavin newsom says california is set to receive the first batch next week if authorized. >> we anticipate receiving 380,000, 380,300 doses of the j & j vaccine next week, and predictably over the next three weeks. >> reporter: another aspect that will impact distribution is the statewide system. by march 31st, california is expected to be switched over

the johnson & johnson vaccine, let's talk about this for a moment. t had a 72% efficacy. here is what dr. anthony fauci said about it this morning. >> if i were not vaccinated now and i had a chance of getting a j&j vaccine now or waiting for another vaccine, i would take whatever vaccine would be available to me as quickly as possible for the simple reason of what i said a moment ago, we want to get as many people vaccinated as quickly and as expeditiously as possible. >> dr. ranney, what would you tell someone who looks at johnson & johnson's numbers, the efficacy percent and may be hesitant to get that vaccine because it's lower than the other two vaccines authorized? >> there are two things. the first is, this is not an apples to apples comparison. the moderna and pfizer trials finished in a different time period and were honestly done in different countries than the johnson & johnson vaccine. it's possible that the johnson & johnson vaccine is going to be better against those novel variants, the ones from south africa and brazil and the uk than m

he said this third vaccine, the johnson & johnson vaccine, has been approved. it's safe, i prauomise you, he said, and he said in his words, there will be a massive campaign to educate the american people about the safety of these vaccines. phil mattingly is at the white house. we'll get back to you. >> right now from the white house, i want to head to capitol hill for more on the house vote on the president's covid relief bill. jessica dean is joining us right now. update our viewers, jessica, on the latest. >> well, wolf, as president biden is in houston and talking about his plans, the house will vote, is set to vote later tonight on his massive package, his first big legislative push for covid relief. it's going to be a long night here at the capitol. members i have talked to say they plan for a very, very late night, as it stands right now, this bill is still in the rules committee. it hasn't even gone to the house floor yet. so once it goes to the floor, that's still hours and hours of debating and voting that's going to have to happen. so it you put all t

the drive to end the coronavirus pandemic is picking up speed new research shows the johnson and johnson vaccine is highly effective in preventing severe cases of covert 19 it could get emergency approval for use in the u.s. by the end of the week the single shot vaccine has been tested in the u.s. brazil and south africa studies show it's highly effective in combating the more aggressive variants of the virus europe's inoculation program is also gathering pace e.u. countries are set to discuss vaccination such if it's for their citizens as part of . to stimulate travelled through the summer and dharma has become the 1st country to receive free vaccines through the international kovacs scheme astra zeneca jobs arrived in the capital accra on wednesday having been flown in from india so a current report on the kovacs scheme. even back seems to ensure that people from less wealthy countries are protected against covert 19 is being hailed as a historic moment. the rival of 600000 votes from india marks the beginning of a massive campaign that will see more than 2000000000 doses delivered to

and also as we look at this data, it confirms what we suspected before that the johnson & johnson vaccineworks well against hospitalizations and deaths which is ultimate ly the goal here. but it's less effective, at least, it seems, percentagewise, than moderna and pfizer. so how should people approach this? >> let me take that second question first. so, you're right. we showed the numbers and you can clearly see that against moderate disease, it does appear less effective. less likely to protect you from getting a moderate disease. depending on which strain of the virus you're actually being infected with. we kind of suspected that. there's been some suspicion that people who have been previously infected, for example, may not be as protected against some of these new strains circulating. what does it mean in terms of moderna and pfizer? that's a really good question. what i would tell you is the moderna and pfizer trials were conducted earlier in this pandemic when there weren't -- when there wasn't as much virus that was actually being transmitted overall. and there weren't as many of

the us gives emergency approval to a 3rd 19 vaccine the one dose johnson and johnson jab is expected to bolster efforts in fighting the pandemic. and brazil's president threatens to cut emergency aid to states imposing locked up. malcolm i'm peter dobby you're watching al-jazeera live from our headquarters here and also coming up. violence spirals in yemen's merry provinces government forces trying to save their last stronghold in the center of the country from who's the rebels. paying for his defiance mean mars u.n. ambassador is fired by the military jointer for denouncing the coup and calling it a betrayal. we begin with some welcome news in the development of the fight against covert 19 the u.s. has approved the johnson and johnson vaccine it's the country's 3rd and its 1st single dose 100000000 doses will be supplied to the u.s. by the end of june the u.k. the e.u. and canada also have orders in their regulators need to approve it and 500000000 doses have been promised to less wealthy countries through the kovacs it has a lower rate of stopping infection. other vaccines but it's

the johnson&johnson vaccine could be in arms within days. t from the others. we are close limoly monitoring situations on myanma

and this comes as the fda now says the johnson & johnson single-dose covid vaccine is safe and effective and meets the requirements for emergency use authorization. that's expected to happen within a few days. the white house says 3 million, maybe even 4 million doses would be available to ship out next week. also breaking right now, the drugmaker moderna has just announced it's actually designed an updated version of its vaccine to help fight the south african virus variant. the company says doses have already been shipped to the national institutes of health for a clinical study. let's begin with all the late-breaking pandemic news unfolding right now. alexandra field is in new york city for us. alexandra, you're at a mass vaccination site in brooklyn. update our viewers. >> reporter: hey there, wolf. that declaration from the white house that the national emergency surrounding covid has been extended comes as no surprise given we're very much in the thick of a crisis. it also comes as we are seeing these new mass vaccination centers pop up around the country. this one here in brooklyn

the johnson & johnson vaccine can be stored in a refrigerator for up to three months. the other two vaccines need to be kept in ultra cold freezers. its overall efficacy rate is 72% in the u.s. and when it comes to preventing severe disease and death, the johnson & johnson vaccine is 86% effective. the other two are higher, 94 and 95% respectively. >> i think the big emphasis that people are making is the best vaccine is the one that you can get earliest. >> reporter: dr. phillip grant of stanford conducted one of many trials of the vaccine around the country. the medical community is telling people not to get hung up on the lower efficacy rate of the johnson & johnson vaccine. >> so when people look at the pfizer, moderna vaccine, oh, my gosh, it's 94, 95% effective, those were effective at preventing symptomatic illness, something very mild like a cough. what we want to make sure people are thinking about is preventing the severe illnesses. with johnson & johnson it's about 86% effective at doing that. >> the fact that it only needs refrigeration is perhaps its greate

oh, i got the moderna vaccine. johnson & johnson is a new variable here as well. m in terms of the efficacy, is there any reason people should be talking about which vaccine they get >> i don't believe so. i mean, they're all very very effective. i mean, we have to put this in perspective. so the pfizer vaccine and the moderna vaccine are about 95% effective. the j&j, the johnson & johnson vaccine is a little bit less than that, but you know, the flu vaccine on a given year is about 50, 55% effective. i think last year's flu vaccine was 52% effective. so in relative terms, these are very highly effective vaccines, and you know, i don't think whether you get the pfizer or the moderna, the j&j, there's that much difference: so i think people should be encouraged to get the vaccine for themselves, for their loved ones, for their colleagues at work it's really really important and whether you get one or the other, you're going to be -- you're going to get the immunity that you're looking for. >> it's an important message for sure robert garrett, the ceo of hackensack m

that's what the johnson & johnson vaccine does. to be 4 million doses available immediately. over time you are going to see this vaccine have a significant impact as we get into the max vaccination stage the community where we start to vaccinate people in the community. we want as many vaccines as possible, and this is going to be critical to getting the population closer to herd immunity and protecting our vulnerable populations. >> how do you figure out who gets the johnson & johnson vaccine specifically first considering the advantages this vaccine has, not needing ultracold storage, and being only one dose? what population would be better suited for receiving a vaccine like that versus those folks that have to go to especially vaccine sites that have ultracold storage and especially those that have to return for the second vaccine. >> because it doesn't require ultracold storage you can take this vaccine and position it closer to the population. you could use doctor's offices, drugstores, you could use mobile vaccination clinic

so as it stands right now the johnson and johnson vaccine has actually been studied in south africa in a very large child that included the elderly as well and so they already have the evidence to show that against the variant in south africa no one has 5 or one y. e 2 that the johnson and johnson vaccine is education suggests that and it's 85 percent if a case is against hospitalization and severe disease so on that basis we feel quite confident to move forward with the johnson and johnson we do however want to ensure we have a diversity of products and so we do need to assess its effect to the efficacy of each new vaccine whether it's has to seneca or pfizer or any of those would have to be assessed as part of the rollout and while you are assessing that advocacy i just like to ask it because i mean you know your hold of the rollout of the astra zeneca as a lot of people nervous because it could potentially you know have wide ranging consequences for other initiatives do you suggest that other countries should follow south africa's example because for example that this particular vac

all these vaccines are safe, including the johnson & johnson. t's so good to be with you all when we have some good news. ahead, the latest on family separation and katie porter on her party's family rescue plan. does it go far enough for single parents? >> and who finally has their hands on donald trump's taxes. first we go to richard lui. >> good saturday to you. a short time ago the white house announced the state department will ef lab rate on friday's sanctions on saudi arabia. it bars a number of saudi nationals from entering the united states. not on that list, though, the crown prince. the cia confirmed the crown prince ordered the murder of jamaal kashoggi. >> and two people familiar with the matter say they are looking at a single suspect. and the hunt continues for the person who shot lady gaga's dog walker. more "american voices" right after a short break. "american t after a short break. aah! ok. i'! only pay for what you need. ♪ liberty. liberty. liberty. liberty. ♪ it's either the assurance of a 165-point certification process. or

the johnson & johnson vaccine is 72% effective which is less effective than the moderna and pfizer vaccines which have efficacy rates in the 95% range, but the johnson & johnson vaccine would still be more effective than, say, your average flu shot, and johnson & johnson is just one dose and it does not require special refrigeration. >> super promising. and two weeks ago we were seeing why are we reopening huge centers when we don't have enough vaccine? i think it was important to open them up because once we get the supply in, you have the infrastructure. >> reporter: and this week, both moderna and pfizer told congress that they hope to have an additional 140 million doses out within the next five weeks with a goal of 28 million doses per week. reporting live, bob redell, nbc bay area news. >> thank you. >>> new video at 11:00 of vice president kamala harris visiting a d.c.-based pharmacy this morning. she's promoting the administration's federal retail pharmacy program for covid-19 vaccinations. it provides vaccines through local establishments in an effort to get more shots into arms. t

and tomorrow, an advisory committee to the cdc is going to meet and go over johnson & johnson's data and then the committee's going to make recommendations on how the vaccine can be used so the fda is first going to say, yes, it can be used if it's authorized for emergency use, but then the cdc advisory committee is going to recommend how it can be used. are there certain population groups that should be given priority access, for instance? and in the meantime we also have aware of what the distribution plans might look like. here's what the rollout could look like immediately. and the johnson & johnson says that it's going to have 3.9 million doses of vaccine right away, ready to be shipped out and sent to different locations. and within those 3.9 million we're going to see different allocations going to states. you see the numbers there. then we're going to see some going to community vaccination centers, for instance. and that's what the rollout will look like in the next few days but again before those doses go into arms we first need to hear from the cdc on the recommendations re

an independent fda advisory committee is meeting virtually to review the johnson & johnson vaccine. the vaccine is slightly less effective than the moderna and pfizer shots overall. it showed 85% efficacy against severe illness and complete protection against covid-19 deaths. 28 days after getting the shot this one can be stored at normal refrigeration temperatures and requires only one dose. fda authorization could come as early as this weekend if that happens, the effects and could be headed to states next week. johnson & johnson expects to provide 20 million doses by the end of march. for the latest on the caress vaccine, eligibility and where to get it just go to kpix.com. >>> today, house lawmakers are preparing to put on the president biden covid relief package. it includes $1400 stimulus checks for individuals earning less than $5000 a year and boosts federal employment history $400 a weekend also includes funding for school reopening. assistance for rent and food and money for vaccine distribution and aid for state and local governments. the bill will likely pass with few if

fda grants emergency use of the johnson and johnson vaccine that would happen on friday. and if it does do that which is expected to do so we could then see the first shipments of these vaccines, roll out to the public very soon after jj says it will deliver 20 million doses by the end of march. cvs pharmacies are now offering covid-19 vaccines to people who're eligible and more than a dozen bay area cities up until now they were only available in sunnyvale san francisco in sonoma but we've checked cbs is websites and now this city's all the ones listed here. there are vaccine appointments still available they are in brentwood. hayward oakland richmond, san jose san leandro and fell other locations we've been looking and they're already booked up, but you can find a full list of all the cbs locations with available appointments on our website kron 4 dot com. also today, one of the candidates, hoping to take governor gavin newsom's job made a stop in sacramento to push to reopen schools. former san diego mayor kevin faulconer is getting involved in the statewide debate over