the reactors were unmanned. unmanned. >> narrator: hundreds of workers were on standby a few miles away, ready to lay pipes that could pump water into the reactors. but the radiation levels were now too high for them to approach the p a team of american nuclear specialists, who'd just arrived in japan, were fearful that tepco and the government had run out of ideas. >> we were given numbers, very low numbers of people who were on the site, and we knew that that wasn't sufficient to... to do what needed to be done at that... at that time. >> narrator: that day, frustrated at the lack of information the prime minister was giving them, the americans decided to fly a surveillance drone over the plant. the data they got was disturbing. a third hydrogen explosion had exposed pools of discarded radioactive fuel to the atmosphere. these spent fuel rods were still highly radioactive. if the pools boiled dry, they could catch fire, and the contamination could be even worse than from a reactor meltdown. >> we had some pretty clear indication th

i mean, we were waiting for the bureaucracy to catch up. >> narrator: black would personally present the plan to president bush. >> brennan: cia had already done more homework on al qaeda than any other part of the us government. and so, what they were able to do then was to put together a proposal and a timeline as far as how the cia could be the vanguard of the us government move against al qaeda. >> narrator: the cia code name for the covert program would become "greystone." >> priest: they had a matrix that they offered to the white house that said, "these are the countries we need to go into. go after bin laden and his terrorist network. kill and capture them and their supporters." >> narrator: greystone was a challenge to the old ways of fighting, and the secretary of defense, donald rumsfeld, knew it. >> priest: so the cia was very much in front of the military, and that bothered rumsfeld greatly. >> narrator: but rumsfeld's generals had no plans for dealing with al qaeda or afghanistan. >> delong: we had no plan. i mean, to be honest, you have operational plans for different p

do you want to roll the dice? >> narrator: the commercial fishermen have joined forces with the environmentalists against the mine. and for many of the alaska natives, the mine is threatening an ancient way of life. >> bristol bay's backbone is salmon, and it has been for generations and generations. >> (woman speaking a native language): >> narrator: 75-year-old mary olympic has lived in the bristol bay area her entire life. >> narrator: mary olympic's daughter lydia now lives in the city. >> you're like the salmon. you know when it's time to come home. we've always done it. i grew up going back, and you look forward to it. >> this is the only time that i ever get to interact with mom in her setting. what she's good at. what she knows. my mom is in better shape than i am. still goes hunting, whether it's for birds or caribou. it's a small gun. everyone says you're not supposed to kill a bear, you know, with that kind of a gun. and she says, "why not? this is the tenth bear i killed with this gun." (laughs) and she says, "you

(horns honking) >> narrator: from the start, there was another side to the story. >> narrator: this is his nephew. he owns this shop. kainat says she was raped here by him and the other men. >> narrator: besides shaikh, kainat accused three other men of the rape. all of them denied the crime. a month after kainat alleged that she was raped, the family fled to karachi, fearing for their lives. by then, kainat's story had started to gain major media attention. a woman's organization, war against rape, had decided to help her. >> sarah zaman: these tribal councils, which are called jirgas here, they've got a couple of elders of that community who have been proven to be wise and impartial or whatever. and they sit and they look into cases or complaints that any member of that community has against a person or a couple of people from within that community. so these people essentially have the power to not just summon people to come and explain what has happened, but they can also pass judgments without the aggrieved or the complainant ever actually entering into the formal criminal justice

there's always another bug on the horizon. narrator: in 2008, the associated press reported that water quality testing across the nation uncovered trace amounts of pharmaceutical compounds in the drinking water supplies of millions of americans. the health effects of these low levels of medications diluted in our water are still being determined. but these findings further illustrate the fundamental relationship of infrastructure to health. the quality of water plays a significant role in public health. but reliable quantities of water play a significant role in public safety. [ sirens ] the water that comes out of the fire hydrants is the same water that you are utilizing to drink out of your own faucets in your home. so it is critical that we have the best and optimal water distribution system that we can tap into. johnson: in the mid-1990s, the water system had just about collapsed. the district had just run into some very dire financial circumstances, and, when those kinds of things happen, the very first thing that goes is mainten

so you'd lose half the city if you didn't have a replacement. narrator: without half of its water supply, the city would shut down. for nearly 40 years, new york has been in the process of constructing a solution. man: this project is water tunnel number 3. we started on this project in 1969. i'm a sandhog. i've been a sandhog for 37 years. narrator: sandhogs are the men of local 147, who work deep below the city. they began building the infrastructure of new york in 1872. from the subways to the sewers, the water tunnels to the highway tunnels, new york city thrives because of their work. ryan: you got one little hole in the ground, and nobody knows we're here. see the empire state building, right. that's 1,000 feet. so you figure, you go down 1,000. how high that is -- that's how far we go down. narrator: stretching more than 60 miles under the city, tunnel 3 is taking generations of workers to complete. ryan: i don't even want to imagine what my father had to go through. when we first started, it was a rough job. everything was dynamite. now, they hav

your entire economy begins to suffer with the lack of clean water. narrator: while the water infrastructure provides for our health, safety, and economy, a growing concern is that the value society derives from water has not traditionally been reflected in the price we pay for water. man: when you take a look at how much people pay for water, as a percentage of median household income, it's usually less than 1%. and when you compare that to how much we pay for electricity and gas, cable tv, and internet, the bottom line is, in the united states, we don't pay a heck of a lot for water. curtis: at an average cost of about $2.50 for 1,000 gallons of tap water, it is a great bargain. garvin: but the rates that are being charged for water are insufficient to replace existing systems and to expand existing systems. narrator: because original infrastructure investments were frequently subsidized by the federal government, water pricing was often calculated without accounting for the initial cost to build the systems. we made major investments in assets in the '50s,

the books. did you know that? >> narrator: christopher cruise describes an industry driven to loosen its standards by demand from new york. >> you got the sense that wall street was in control of underwriting standards and not the mortgage industry. >> smith: what do you mean? >> well, if the underwriting was acceptable to wall street, if the underwriting was acceptable to the ratings agencies, that's all that counted. and so my sense is, it was probably a game among the people in the mortgage business to say, "let's come up with one of the worst loans we could possibly imagine and see if wall street will buy it." >> new homes are selling at the second highest rate on record. >> and then that type of mentality translates into, "don't worry about whether the documents are valid. don't worry about whether we can verify income. don't worry if the appraisal is any good. just worry about getting the damn loan closed. because if you can get that closed, we can get that securitized and then turn around and do another loan. don't wor

the bargain. "i'll come back if lillian goes." narrator: over 30 million people came to the paris exposition of 1889. within sight of the new eiffel tower, buffalo bill's wild west played to overflow crowds night after night. ( applause ) annie oakley was soon the talk of paris. the french president offered "la belle américaine" a commission in the army. the king of senegal tried to buy her for 100,000 francs-- "to destroy the vicious lions who devastate my country's villages," he said. stories describing fictitious events from her past were splashed across newspapers all over europe and america. a dime novel described annie's thrilling, if completely fictional, childhood... in kansas. kasper: totally wild west. she kills the bad guy, darkey morrow, with one shot. she kills a bear. she hits a panther through the eye. she saves the train from the train robber. she wrestles this wolf, and the wolf is biting her, but she's so brave, she doesn't even cry out. they're turning annie into a legend. narrator: oakley's legend continued to grow, as

the pipe. man: we have roots at this cap lateral at 79. narrator: tree roots can grow into the pipe, splitting it apart. man: more light roots at 69. narrator: sometimes they may even find fully collapsed sections. after gathering the data, utilities can assess the need for rehabilitation. sinha: you have to choose the rehabilitation technique so that the life of the pipe can be extended 30 years, 40 years, 50 years. allbee: any asset has an optimal investment strategy. if you're making investments in that asset too early, or too late, you're wasting money. it costs about three times as much to fix a system once it's failed. so it's all about finding that right point where the dollars should flow toward that asset. narrator: but finding the funds to evaluate and rebuild these assets is an ongoing struggle. johnson: there is a gap between what's being spent by municipalities and water supply systems and what needs to be spent. and somehow that has to be made up. so there's a good bit of lobbying through congress to get funding. oberstar: we need to

transfers. >> please. >> out of the way, folks. >> narrator: but, he insists, heooperate with investigators to find out what happened. >> do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give before this committee is the truth, the whole... >> narrator: his only public comments came at congressional hearings last december. >> i remain deeply concerned about the impact that the unreconciled and frozen funds have on mf global's customers. >> this is a big bucketful of cold water in regulators' face. >> i simply do not know where the money is or why the accounts have not been reconciled to date. >> it's a wake-up call that says, "you got to take a fresh look at what's going on in the markets. you've got to better protect, for customers' interests. you've got to look at these guys, because they're not always going to be straight with you. >> who had the authority to move customer funds from segregated accounts? >> without looking at records, it's very hard to try to reconstruct. >> did you authorize the transfer of funds from the segregated accounts to... >>

(reader) "the only secret i have got is damned hard work." (narrator) turner's life and career began in london. by 1788, at the age of 14, j.m.w. turner was apprenticed to an architect as a draftsman. architectural views appeared in his works throughout his life. the next year, turner entered the royal academy of arts school at somerset house. its president, the painter joshua reynolds, endorsed the prevailing view that ranked paintings in a clearly defined hierarchy. history painting was considered the noblest because it could portray events drawn from historical incidents, literature, the bible and mythology. genre painting, scenes from daily life, came next because they also offered examples of virtue to inspire the viewer. then came the more lowly categories of portraiture, landscape and still life, which were disdained as mere transcriptions of the natural world. throughout his career, turner struggled to elevate landscape painting and demonstrate that it could equal history painting in complexity and expressive power. in 1791, turner began a rout

i think the answer is then most people didn't have tv's. (narratorver two-thirds of american households had at least one television set. with this explosive growth came a change in program style. i know. television's a menace to the american family. people no longer eat together, think together, talk together. they just watch tv together. and you don't think that's right? gee, mom, i think pop's all wet. a tv family is a happy family. suddenly everybody became aware tv had produced a huge audience and with that came the guys in the grey suits. (arthur penn) and they began to say, "wait a minute. if we're sponsoring this, they can't say this" or "they can't say that." and that was the beginning of the exodus for all of us from serious live television. (narrator) the rise of network television gave moviemakers a new chance. with movie attendance at half the lel of a decade before, hollywood saw a chance to counter its own decline by producing programs directly for this new medium. (todd gitlin) studios turned television into an assembly-line product. i

my aim was to brinbefore the public the character of that region. narrator: reporting to congress, hayden suggested that the geyser region of yellowstone be set apart as a national park. congressman william kelly of pennsylvania also promoted the legislation, no doubt eager to please jay cooke, a prominent constituent. cooke undetood the economic benefits for his northepacific raild the senate debated the proposed bill. man: "i have grave doub about the propriety of passing this bill-- why settlers should be excld for a public park? persons would go and settle and cultivate the ground." ( various voices ) "you cannot ltivate that kind of ground." "but if it cannot be occupied and cultivated, "here is a region of country away up in the rocky motains where there are the most wonderful geysers on the face of the earth. it is a very proper bill to pass, and now is the time to enact it." narrator: hayden arranged for members of the house and senate to see photographs by william henry jackson and sketches by moran. jackson recalled, it was his wonderful coloring i

the rest of two hours? improvisations and improvisations. [ensemble playing a raga] (narratorsince the late 18th century, composers of western art music have left little room for improvisation. instead, they have relied on the score as a blueprint for performance. however, the interpretation of that score by the musicians is an essential element. [ensemble playing classical music] (ying) even though you have that limited parameter, there's an infinite variety in the number of ways that a given passage can be played. for instance, you can have the same passage of music, and one person could play it very nobly and heroically, and another person could play that very same passage of music and bring out maybe the more thoughtful and reflective quality of it. and the interesting thing was both of those qualities were there in the music, but these two performances bring out different aspects of the same masterpiece. [choir singing] (narrator) in the latter part of the 20th century, many composers have experimented with elements of both composition and improvisation in their music. th

music is always the object of the instrument. (narrator) technology has always had a fundamental impact on the construction of musical instruments. but in the past 100 years, it has also influenced what music we hear and how we hear it. in 1877, thomas edison designed the first machine capable of reproducing sound, and the process of acoustic recording was born. (recording) ♪ i love you. (fabris) the very first phonograph used tinfoil as a recording medium. at the time, he was working on improving alexander graham bell's telephone and was also trying to develop a recording telegraph, so he put these two ideas together in his mind and made essentially a recording telephone. if you were to walk into a recording studio in edison's era, there'd be no microphones. instead of a microphone, what was used was known as an acoustical horn or a recording horn. that was what captured the sound and transferred the sound waves onto the master record. ♪ is that a tear in your eye, dear? ♪ as the singer sang or a band played, the air in the room would vib

the coffee. what does he know ? probably a lot. [ narrator ] "government of the people, by the people and for the people--" a basic principle that is the foundation for government in the united states. most citizens see the close relationship between government and the people... at the local level close to home. the mayor of a city or town represents the executive branch of local government. motion to second to approve recommendations of staff. please vote. the role of the mayor of riverside is both complicated and simple. you're involved in chairing meetings and being the official spokesperson for the city. in addition to the kind of formal things, i try to see problems, get people who can make some difference ing them together and say, "let's do something abouthis." [ narrator ] the city council makes the laws that govern the city. they represent the legislative branch of government similar to congress on a national level. i'm having some concern, not feeling comfortable about... what our long-range plan is at the sewer plant. what we'd lik

the managers didn't take it. then we moved up to a hotel. then it's like we kept on moving. [ narrator ] children of poverty grow up qukly. they've had to share responsibility for the family's survival. part of survival is for both parents to work. parents have a tough time of it. they have to work. they're not out there working just because they want to, because it's fun or to buy a fur coat or go to europe. working to put food on the table. [ narrator ] when it's difficult to find a job or housing some people turn to organizations that help families in need. the only reason we got an apartment was because the managers... were associates with us; we knew them from here. [ narrator ] for most families, the challengis to manage the limited amount of money that is available. it was really frustrating because we didn't have a whole lot of money. but we started doing things together: taking long walks, looking for aluminum cans so that we could treat the kids to ice cream on weekends. you know, that's what it really comes down to. if you had this much money what would you spend it on ? toy

gary, do you think that you could compensate her in any way for the furniture ? [ narratorlthough the names of groups that provide assistance... may differ from city to city local government officials can provide renters with this information. in an arbitration between a tenant and a landlord, we would hope to accomplish that both parties are satisfied in one way or another. it's not just a one-sided thing. what i'm going to do is write this all down in a mediation agreement and all of us will sign it and you will pay him the rent as soon as possible... and he's going to fix the roof as soon as possible. - are we all in agreement ? - that's great. - that's agreeable with me. okay, thanks a lot for coming into my office. thank you. sincerely yours, rosa rivera. hold on. let me get a shot of that antique you're typing on. henry, please. okay, katherine. tell me what you think. okay. "dear sir: i'm a tenant who always pays my rent on time. i've tried--" henry, come on ! how am i supposed to read this letter with that thing in my face ? just one more take. and don't look at me.

her presence again and tells her he's been watching the green light and thinking of her, nick, the narratorlittle disappoint independent in gatsby because suddenly the green light doesn't moeb anything any more. she's right there and fitzgerald writes his count of enchanted objects had diminished by one. in a way, the fantasy itself is the thing. >> stephen: he threw parties to impress her, and got rich to impress her and got the house to impress her dleave herself husband for him, and then she hits somebody with a car that gatsby, and kills the person, and gatsby covers for her. and she still goes back to tom buchanan, who is a racist who beats women. couldn't you boil this book down to "bitches be crazy"? >> ( cheers and applause ) she not nice, either. she's not nice, either. >>un, he's shooez not perfect for sure. she's limited -- >> stephen: she kills someone. >> but remember-- well, it is an accident. remember, the fact that days secertainly rich and maybe even a little shallow is what draws gatsby to her in the first place. >> stephen: do you think that this book is worthy of the att