what lessons did the u.s. navyearn in world war i that they then applied in the battle for the atlantic in world war ii? >> well, i think the primary thing they learned was the convoying system was a much more effective strategy for shipping than the lone ship, and there was a tremendous amount of argument between the military -- among the military leaders and the civilian leadership on this issue during the first world war because the argument for sending out the lone ships was that when -- first of all, when you put a pack together, they're easier to find in a convoy, and, second of all, the convoy can only move as fast as its slowest ship. so they thought you were just creating a large, slow target for the u-boats with the convoys. but i think they underestimated in both the -- those who were against the convoy system, they underestimated in both the first and the second world war the ability of the u.s. navy to -- or the u.s. economy to produce naval vessels that could accompany the convoy, just the sheer volum

and the largest navy in the world.so he goes back to the united states. this is 1919. and it turns out that the republicans had taken control of the congress and the mid term elections and by the time the -- he had tried before he went to france in late winter/spring of 1919 he tried to get the lame duck session of congress which was still controlled by the democrats to fund the next installment of the building program. they had dragged their feet, the war was ending and they didn't want to commit to the amount of money that daniels was asking for. and so the issue is rolled over into the next congress and the republicans after this torturous set of negotiations in paris and london, the congress will not fund the naval building program. and so it becomes the harding administration's problem to address in the following 1920 election. now, another question that i received related to the 1920 election in the earlier interview that i did on c-span, the question came up of what role did franklin roosevelt play in daniels te

he, unlike his admirals, who sas the navy fairly clearly in the martial terms, daniels saw the navy as a big vocational tool -- school. he thought it was a place where young men could enter and learn a trade, and then leave with a e skill for the private sector. in addition, he focused heavily on the moral improvement of the young men who entered the navy. specifically, he thought that nt they should come into the navy and leave the navy without ever having consumed alcohol. and also without ever visiting a house of prostitution in a navy port.f so, he spent a good bit of timeo and effort cleaning up the red light districts around the portd . he also banned alcohol from the ships and bases. cup it is from that that we get the expression "cup of joe." when h banned alcohol, there was an increase in the coffee rations. the sailors would somewhat angrily referred to it as a cup of josephus daniels.it was it was eventually shortened to "cup of joe." he had these and conflicts with the leadership of the navy. those ran more or less o throughout his tenure as secretary. once war came, initia

and the largest navy in the world.so he goes back to the united states. this is 1919. and it turns out that the republicans had taken control of the congress and the mid term elections and by the time the -- he had tried before he went to france in late winter/spring of 1919 he tried to get the lame duck session of congress which was still controlled by the democrats to fund the next installment of the building program. they had dragged their feet, the war was ending and they didn't want to commit to the amount of money that daniels was asking for. and so the issue is rolled over into the next congress and the republicans after this torturous set of negotiations in paris and london, the congress will not fund the naval building program. and so it becomes the harding administration's problem to address in the following 1920 election. now, another question that i received related to the 1920 election in the earlier interview that i did on c-span, the question came up of what role did franklin roosevelt play in daniels te

the national museum of the u.s. navy hosted this hour-long program. >> it is my pleasure to welcome to the program. yesterday, we observed the 73rd anniversary of the attack at pearl harbor. today, we continue that observance with histories from two men who lived the experience. in all of our lives, there are some things that are inevitable that we remember. 9/11, the assassination of john kennedy, and for older americans, the attack on pearl harbor is one of those things you never forget where you were what you were doing, and what happened on that day. the events of december 7, 19 41, certainly changed us individually, our parents, our country. today we are going to talk with two speakers, both were young men on that fateful day. i want them to provide memories of the attack and how it changed their lives and our allies as a nation. their perspective -- our lives as a nation. their perspective is from washington, d.c. and illinois. our first guest is john warner who served his country throughout his adult life beginnin

the royal navy has been beaten. sir george prevost sitting up there at kent-delord sees the colors come down looking over the lake. and when he does, he knows the battle is lost. he knows he no longer has control of the water. he knows he doesn't have the american ships he planned to capture, to take the fleet down the lake. there's no point going on with the battle. the american infantry at this point, there's no point to it at all. he is going to save his troops to fight another day. as a result, sir george withdraws from plattsburgh, pulling his troops out, his three brigades, artillery, his families. they start heading north to canada. the battle is over, the americans have won. winston churchill said that it was the most important battle of the war. it was the most decisive battle of the war of 1812, here. two days later, the british will fight the americans at baltimore. >>> when the naval battle was over and the british withdrew, all that was left were the dead and the wounded and the american forces. out on t

finally, the navy is coming. now they wanted to come south even earlier but they couldn't because the south wind coming up the lake kept them from sailing south. this is the days of sail. you've got to wait for the winds to be right. that's what the army and navy are waiting for. he doesn't have that problem because he's already in the bay and moored and waiting. things are getting anxious. finally, the night of the 10th, they're able to come down the lake, come south towards plattsburg toward canada, the entire navy fleet. four ships, confiance in the lead and a dozen gun boats. 70 men on a gun boat and one cannon. and those gun boats are supposed to get close to the american fleet underneath the guns and put holes in the sides of the american fleet and sink them. so you've got them buzzing around when the british come into the bay and this whole thing starts, the british guns can fire a mile and a half. where the american guns can only shoot 500 yards. so if the british royal navy is kept away, if they can sail

a word about the title "navy crazy". i don't think the u.s. navy is crazy. i am simply describing that part of the navy's that fortunately or unfortunately the only part that i really came to know. this was a very strange and dangerous place, scary place and that is all i really experienced. i am somewhat grateful to the navy. i grew up in those two years. i think i was pretty nice event in some ways this book, a coming of age book, huckleberry finn etc.. kind of a coming of age book really. i was very naive when i got there. first story in the book, really, is an example of that. there was a kid i liked very much because he was interested in literature and wanted to be a writer and i wanted to be a brighter and we would talk all day when it was time i should say, to talk and what is he doing? there is nothing the matter with him. he is senior than i am. saner than the psychiatrist that we had that is for sure. so i approached the captain who was the head shrink and i said i think we have made of mistake. goldsmith there is nothing the matter with him. are y

the royal navy was everybody to the british. they used it throughout the caribbean and the united states and in canada. that's what controlled their commerce. they lived on commerce. here on the lake, that commerce had been disrupted. nothing was going up and down the lake to benefit canada or anywhere else. the people here who liter on the lake created a new industry, and this now was a smugglers haven. the british knew to control the water ways they had to take lake champlain. but the lake does end in canada, and up there on the rich lieu river, they build a bot yard that created the largestship that has been on lake champlain. she was a frigate called "the confiance" they had butt a sleep called the lynnant, but now they needed the confiance. there was an american fleet here. it was commanded by lieutenant then master commander then com ocode thomas mcdonough. mcdonough had to build his fleet here on, and down on otter creek, they put together the americans. the american navy then would try to control the lake and keep the br

he's a naval order of the united states, the navy league. appointed by was texas governor rick perry as an admiral in the texas navy. he'll tell us a little bit about what the duties and responsibilities of being an admirable in texas navy are. a former new york book editor. he president of the literary agency, hornfischer literary management in austin, texas with wife and three children, son david is here with us today. ladies and gentlemen, give a annapolis welcome to the author of neptune's inferno in d. hornfischer. >> i didn't realize we were going to be talking about the hreat of mexican coastal raiders to make the admirable of the texas navy. you get invited to pretty good austin. parties in that's about all it is. story honor to tell a that never gets old in the telling to tell it here. the opportunity, and an honor. thank you, admirable carter, the naval institute. and welcome esteemed conferees. now later today on this stage is going to be a panel. distinction and never wore the uniform. stand here i feel like a bat boy asked to com

and australian forces faced the japanese navy in the philippines c. the four-day battle is considered one of the largest naval conflicts of world war ii. next, author james one fisher details the role of one of the ships commander's, his destroyer was sunk during the battle, and he was posthumously awarded the medal of honor by congress. james hornfischer is the author world war iis on naval history. recorded at the u.s. naval academy, this is about an hour. >> good morning and welcome. for those who do not know me, i'm the daily, ceo of the u.s. naval institute. the u.s. institute is honored to partner with the u.s. naval academy again this year on an important history topic. this years theme is leaders in action. ordinary people doing the extraordinary. i would ask you all to stand please for the pledge of allegiance. i pledge allegiance to the flag of the united states of america and to the republic for which it stands, one nation, under god, indivisible with liberty and justice for all. thank you. again, this year, we are deeply honored to have th

then suddenly the trap is sprung. navy from the decks of our carriers, army bombers, marines. with destruction over a 300-mile area. the invasion forces were hit and hit and hit again. >> men and women of america here come your neighbors' sons home from the day's work. you want to meet them. there's jimmy patch seven meatballs on his plane. >> how many more today, skipper? ♪ >> back at midway tojo swore he'd liberate the natives. they're as free as they ever were. ♪ >> the battle of midway is over. our front yard is safe. but a big job is still to be done. day after day planes search for survivors. every tiny coral reef, every distant mile of sea. search for men who fought to the last round of ammunition and flew to the last drop of gas and then crashed into the sea. eight days, nine days ten days without food or water. >> his first cigarette. that first drag sure tastes good. >> 11 days. >> well done. >> logan ramsey. >> frank bessler. that's 13 for frank. ♪ >> get those boys to the hospital. please do, quickly. get them

the navy seals embody that. ut protecting ourvhf lives doing some of the most dangerous work in the military but they are not able to receive the recognition that most other branches in the military get. >> so on-ab8ñ july 7, 2014 chri lee embarked on ai/k journey÷ as united states in order to raise awareness to the navy seals foundation. her entire life packed into a stroller. >> that's christina, she goes full out, head on, anything she takes. >> it's incredible for anyone to do that but to say yeah, that's my sister, i think that's really amazing. >>> christina thinks the hardest part is the wear and tear on her feet and body but more importantly it is the mental feet and body but more pi ♪ ♪vd( ♪ >>> with an open heart, herçó trusty stroller and technology that tracks her every step, christina lee, the faithful, at the wise old age of 23 is running across the u.s. all for charity. >> she will wake up do e-mail go do down and get breakfast. i get out on the road and am out on the road for six to eight@n hou

>> i was invited because daniels essentially created the role of women in the navy. t was the 100th anniversary of his order establishing roles for women in the navy. i was invited to speak at the navy memorial in washington, d.c. and in commemoration of that event. and so as i -- it is just a couple of blocks off of the mall. as i left my hotel to go to give my talk there were hundreds of thousands of people outside. i thought not accustomed to audiences of this magnitude and my students in raleigh would be shocked that anyone who wasn't forced to take this course would listen to this guy. it turns out that when i went in to my room there was only the staff there because it was the day that the president was speaking in commemoration of the anniversary of the march on washington, martin luther king "i have a dream" speech. so i gave that talk and daniels, for those of you who are familiar with daniels background, he was a notorious racist and was one of the leaders of the white supremacy movement in the south and the disenfranchisement of african-american voters. it

the state department was probably happy to see him go. navy department. office of naval intelligence was created back in 1883 as part of a reform movement in the u.s. military that led to the development of the first permanent intelligence organizations in u.s. history. in fact, it still exists. by the time world war i had come along -- well, started out as sort of progressive forward thinking organization but by the time world war i rolled around it was in the doldrums, small organization, not effective, not well respected. during the war, the navy's intelligence efforts were the least productive and sophisticated of those ul of all the government intelligence agencies. they prepared in advance for espionage. in june 1915 navy secretary daniels approved a plan to expand the naval attache system to allow it to do secret work. in may 1916 the chief of naval operations to, quote, select rye liable part andxc

was the navy said no, no, no. , we just need a little islands. was okinawa a capitulation to macarthur? >> was that the battle we really needed to have? >> i think i would answer it, i think unlike some battles, the classic example is a battle that never should've kurt. you look at some of the other actions leading up to that, operation cartwheel, the days with his forces were trying to stand the japanese base. some of those were done by island hopping for a couple battles people of questions about. i think my position, maybe i historians might take exception to, but i do think that okinawa was an absolute record out at that point in time. okinawa was essentially really piercing the first part of the japanese homeland and the japanese considered as such. bear in mind, even though we had between nine places in guam and also basis on iwo jima, if we're going to take the air wars, we find did to japan, we needed to be in range of not just to be 29, not just carrier borne planes but p. 51, of the types of fighter planes and fly the planes that had to

there's a lot in here about the navy and the army. he took great space for the air force and then the royal canadian air force. anyways, it's absolutely fascinating. >> a-alpha, b-bravo, whatever, charlie. do you have a chart that was a u.s. version. >> the british version. >> in the german version. i thought the choice of names was really fun. sometimes they were the same like eating and keying. but the german ones -- >> the journals were on time, bruno, feature, doro. in fact, they even have a word that eludes me -- >> there is a thriller out called whiskey tango foxtrot. those are three of the code words in the british side of it. so there's a lot you can learn from this book that i found completely fascinating. i marked a couple of things. you've got all kinds of extra stuff in here like d-day movies in the d-day museum and the fact they didn't destroy the tapestry, even though they might well have because of the headquarters and so forth. the other thing i saved was your entry on john ford, which we've are talked about in which i

the idea here was that, well, the royal navy was blockading many german harbors. the u-boats could be used to get out past the blockade and go far afield and sink vessels that were merchant ships that were carrying those supplies. and this was very, very effective. however, it was somewhat ineffective in that -- at least early on -- it was a somewhat gentlemanly way of fighting with a submarine. submarines predominantly are a very good offensive weapon but a very terrible defensive weapon so their success lies in their stealth, in their ability to have these kinds of surprise attacks. whether they first started this war on commerce, there was a lot of concern over it being sort of poking the beast of a lot of neutral nations. when they declared the areas around the british isle were a war zone and they'd sink vessels that weren't necessarily involved in the conflict but were simply carrying merchant cargo to places like the united states, south america, other places that weren't involved. so they wanted to try and mitigate the losses that they had in that. they obs

after the japanese attack on pearl harbor, resident frank when roosevelt asked the navy to greater motion picture that would document the historic event. the 82 minutes film you are about to see is a result of that order, completed in 1943, it was not what the president or navy brass were hoping for. the director, an accomplished cinematographer, hoped this would be his hollywood directorial debut. withlled the film fictionalized scenes, criticisms of maybe security in hawaii, racially insensitive views of japanese hawaiians, and reenactments done with miniature models in hollywood. theher producer took over product, and created a simpler, 34 minute version that was approved by the navy, and later won an academy award. this longer version of december 7 wasn't released until many years after world war ii, and was recently restored by the national archives. ♪ new departments present, to summer seventh -- december 7. ♪ >> would you please reveal the last paragraph i gave you? beauty, thisal little island of a water who has not been as a vacationland. >> fine, . imagine the transition, john a

>> i was representing 10,000 people on the island of viacos who were being bombed by the navy and i -d there were persons -- they were experiencing devastating impacts on the highest unemployment in the caribbean and the highest cancer rates in the caribbean. their food was poisoned with lead, with arsenic, the by-products of the dead nation of naval ordinance . their fisheries were being destroyed and schools were being destroyed by the impact of the navy's bombing. this would not have happened. these were american -- if these were american citizens. i represented the people on the island to try to get the navy to change some of its perhaps. we won our litigation, but the navy continued. so the people on the island led by the mayor asked me to engage in a civil disobedience which i did. at the time, i said, how long do you think they will put me in prison? they said probably two or or three days which was okay. i ended up having to go to jail for 34 days, a maximum security prison in puerto rico. you asked what it was like. for me, it was a wonderful experience. >> really? >> it was

what the u.s. navyto do about the comedy legend. >>> then the video tonight seen a million and a half times. the father and son their love, apparently, for taylor swift. they call it planning for retirement because getting there requires exactly that. a plan for what you want your future to look like. for more than 145 years, pacific life has been providing solutions to help individuals like you achieve long-term financial security. bring your vision for the future to life with pacific life. talk to a financial advisor to help build and protect your retirement income. pacific life. the power to help you succeed. if you suffer from constipation, you will likely also suffer from gas. introducing new dulcogas, which starts working to eliminate gas bubbles in minutes for effective relief. dulcogas, from the makers of dulcolax- nothing relieves gas faster. dulcogas, from the makers of dulcolax- so i got dr. scholl's massaging and gel work insoles. red. they absorb the shock of working on my feet all day. i f

then suddenly the trap is sprung. navyover a 300-mile area. with destruction over a 300-mile area. the invasion forces were hit andnvasion hit and hit again. >> men and women of america, america here come your neighbors' sons home from the day's work.here c you want to meet them. there's jimmy patch, seven meatballs on his plane. >> how many more today, skipper? ♪ ♪ >> back >> back at midway, tojo swore he'd liberate the natives. they're as free as they ever were. ♪ ♪ >> the battle of midway is over. our front yard is safe. but a big job is still to be done. day after day planes search for survivors. every tiny coral reef, every distant mile of sea. mile search for men who fought to the last round of ammunition and flew to the last drop of gas and then crashed into the sea.fl eight days, nine days, ten days without food or water. >> his first cigarette. that first drag sure tastes good. >> 11 days. well done. morgan ramsey. frank bessler. that's 13 for frank.ank. ♪ ♪ >> get those boys to the hospital. please do, quickly. g

it is called ghost swimmer and can swim independently and dive up to 300' and the navy could use it fore video to replace sea lions that are trained to spot underwater mines . >> and mike has the forecast. >> thank you is key and it will be a brief break. you can see i don't have an umbrella right here and it is 4 to 5 foot foot that way and now a look at what it did show us this morning, the sunrise and a beautiful rainbow developing over san ramon was nice with the light rain early this morning and it came from twitter. we appreciate it. and live doppler hd showed some returns moving away from us in solano county headed into the central valley with returns over the ocean that are sliding southeast and will miss us for the next part. it is the stuff that is developing in the upper last hand corner of the screen that will move in later in the afternoon. winds are breezy on the embarcadero but you expect that and everyone else is less than 10 miles per hour and it will pick up this afternoon. but not to the extent we saw yesterday. this is how it looked at 280 and 17 and look calm with l

in the aftermath the navy would change their story about the events of that night numerous times - firstsaying they had no contact with the men. later, they would say they had questioned them - and found the men were innocent- and that they dropped them off in a different town nearly 2 hours away. jose and the other men detained that night were never seen or heard from again. the marines have never explained why they left them in a different town. >> what is the objective by the navy or by authorities to disappear people? what is the logic behind it? the allegations of disappearances by security forces have continued into pena nieto's administration. and not just in tamaulipas but around the country. we were told that there are people who have been released after being held by security forces - but that they rarely speak about the experience...out of fear. but we finally found someone willing to tell us their story. so we had to change cars twice to be able to get here. so we gonna go and talk to this woman who was detained allegedly by the police and taken to a detention center that was

the navy was trained all that time and brought new and younger blood to man the warships. can't just mothball a navy and build it up again so the navy kept going all that time and as a result there were magnificent victories, naval victories and the war of 1812. while people like general hall were fleeing from the british and indian allies isa costs who was indeed related to general hall, isaac hall was commanding the constitution and the constitution of course new at this constitution most famously encountered the british frigate and just you know wiped her out. part of the reason was that our frigates though they were far fewer are better built and the cannonballs just bounced off inside the constitution many instances which is why she gained the name of old ironsides. so there were splendid naval victories and towards the end of the war we were developing a new class of generals. when i say madison was patient, he suffered through those first generals. i don't know what choice the commander-in-chief has in that and absolutely help celebrate the glory of the navy. he also

. >> and the navy launches an investigation into the former navy steel seal who claimed he took downll be right back >> merry christmas eve day. up and at 'em. a lost us have a lot to do today. as you look live at 95, if you're headed out early this morning you're going to have a pretty decent ride except for the wet conditions. here in the ongoing work zone by cottman avenue you can see it's very wet. the spray is coming up off the vehicles. was don't see is any extra overnight construction so that's good news. all the lanes are opened in both directions. and on the big picture no delays to report so far this morning along the schuylkill, roosevelt boulevard also looks fine at this point as does 611 broad street, no problems through north philadelphia. but we're getting word of a problem resulting from an overnight crash, it's downed wires in king of prussia along byberry road at saratoga road. verizon is on the scene making repairs and in upper providence a crash along ming go road at springer town road. no issues so far this morning on 422 and if you have to get out there and do l

david herold will guide powell out of the city via the navy yard bridge. o kill president johnson at the kirkwood house hotel. the only change in the plan is that booth will not be attending "aladdin" at grovers. >> hello, john. >> he'll kill lincoln at fords theater. it's still early in act two. booth has calculated that the appointed time of 10:15 will fall at the beginning of act three of "our american cousin," and there will be an intermission between the acts. booth retrieves his horse from humphreys stable. ♪ >> have this ready for me in 10 to 15 minutes. >> mr. booth, it's almost intermission. >> i'll cross backstage. >> i can't keep the horse. just go with him and tell peanuts to come here and hold this damn horse. >> our american cousin. carried off by three -- >> i have no humor. >> booth heads next door to the star salute. whether or not francis burke, the man who drove the lincoln carriage, and john parker, the man detailed to protect the president, are drinking at the star saloon when booth enters will never be known with any certainty. >> but

the u.s. navy band brass quintet plays, and world war ii veterans lay wreaths for all of the branches of the u.s. military. this is just under an hour. >> ladies and gentlemen, our mistress of ceremonies for anay's event is emmy-award-winning news anchor of "did morning washington" and abc 7 news at noon. duringitical reporting 2012 on her and him he nomination. over the past two years, she has covered everything from the midterm elections of 2010 to the rescue of the chilean miners. before that, she was a white house congressional for the tribune broadcasting washington, d.c., bureau. it's our honor and tribute to have as today's mistress of ceremonies miss autry gottfried. [applause] she will be introducing the official party. >> good morning. it is my great honor to be your mistress of ceremonies this morning as we commemorate and honor all veterans who have served our great country. to all of our veterans and service members, past and present, we all a debt of gratitude and our lasting apprecia

. >>> the navy, though, is revoking cosby's title of honorary chief petty officer. officials made that announcement in a statement today saying the allegations of sexual abuse against cosby are serious and conflict are the navy's core values. cosby enlisted in the navy in 1956 and served four years before he was honorably discharged in 1960. >>> nbc 10 did digging to find out cosby's connection to the penn relays and if the allegations would jeopardize any relationship there. cosby's attended the event for years. spokesman from penn's athletic desa department said there's no defined relationship between them. >>> a convicted cop killer is scheduled to be put to death today. the case surrounds the killing of newtown police officer brian gregg. robert flore pleaded guilty to shooting officer gregg at st. mary hospital in 2005. he grabbed another officer's gun and fired several shots. as the officer tested for his blood during a dui arrest. flore wounded that second arrest as well. >>> a new plea from the fbi and philadelphia police tonight in the case of missing westch

we went to the range and we were shooting navy qul if i cases. as a pretty good shot and my boss said this new guy is good. send him to sniper school n. that first -- they called ate worm-up, the training cycle before forward deployment and sent me for navy special warfare sniper school and i became a sniper. >> soon the boy from butte, montana, one year before delivering taco pizzas was a navy s.e.a.l. sniper. coming up next, on "the man who killed osama bin laden" -- >> the world trade center tower number 1 is on fire. the whole outside of the building, there was a huge explosion. >> said the words osama bin laden within 30 seconds. huh, fifteen minutes could save you fifteen percent or more on car insurance. everybody knows that. well, did you know you that former pro football player ickey woods will celebrate almost anything? unh-uh. number 44... whoooo! forty-four, that's me! get some cold cuts... get some cold cuts... get some cold cuts! whooo! gimme some! geico. fifteen minutes could save you fifteen percent or more on car insurance. whoo!

brigadier general billy mitchell was the individual that proved to the u.s. navy that you could sink battleships using aircraft. and a lot of that -- a lot of those test demonstrations were done off the coast here of virginia, and some more limited in north carolina. and they were quite successful in proving that aircraft and air power was a naval asset. so the ospreyland is a shipwreck that people do dive off of virginia's quite deep. i think there's only been a handful of people that have dove it. the new jersey and virginia are in about 250 to 300 feet of water. so they're tricky dives. but you know, there's a whole another layer when we're looking at this area, we kind of looked at it from this battlefield archaeology and we're looking at it from this broader idea of this maritime cultural landscape. we're looking at other facets other than just world war i and world war ii and we've started to look at this sort of these noncombat military losses, which are the billy mitchell fleets, as well. so it's very interesting. and i would say that the -- the merchant m

one of the interesting things is he was the editor for the navy rotc yearbook. you can see his name as editor on their letterhead. so he was not only doing electrical engineering, which was his major, but also involved in editing the yearbook. another couple of items here. his application for rotc. there are two of them, which people might be surprised at. the first when he was in high school, he was not accepted. they did not have a spot for him at purdue in the rotc program. he persisted and came to purdue and tried again. there is his second attempt at getting into the rotc, and he did. it is something he talks about, being successful means never giving up and always trying to achieve your goals. in this case, we have displayed some materials from neil armstrong's navy service record and photographs from when he was in the service. in his second year at purdue university, he was called to the korean war and to start naval aviator training. the photograph enlarged was taken at purdue university. we love that photograph because neil armstrong is on the left. it

and they were saved by a ship of the italian navy, and the italian navy is what made the operation. continuing on a low scale it seems at the moment, being phased out, but continuing, and it is an italian navy ship that rescued these people. >> the politics is leaning more towards keeping people out. >> what is happening at the doors of europe, when we are talking about six for the syrians. 3 million syrians in turkey, lebanon, and jordan. these people are educated. they have money. they are professionals. they have children. if you think they are going to wait for a decade that someone takes care of them, it's not going to happen. they are going to come anyway. it would be much better for europe to put in place a resettlement program that could take place over a number of years, five, six, eight years, decide on a number like a million or a million and a half syrians who would come to europe, but also to canada and north america, this should be done in partnership with other countries of the global north and announce this, and invest in the resources necessary to carry it out quick

which was a major defeat of the french navy. and one of the most celebrated victories up until the battle of trafalgar. it certainly change the dynamics of the war. it is a good illustration of the thin line between success and failure. that it was degrasse who defeated the british for the first time since the 1690's. then he himself was defeated, much as horatio gates -- was himself defeated by cornwallis. and you have won. we can take one last question. >> were the caribbean colo nies the source of financial support to the colonies in rebellion in the north? >> not the british islands. although there were a lot of merchants sending things from british islands to dutch islands . a lot of the military people said that piracy reigns free here. but the french and dutch island s became the critical sources of supply to north america especially this little dutch island of st. eustacious. there were 500 warehouses there. sometimes as many as 200 american ships off the island. bonmarche who is known as the playwright who wrote " marria

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you can eat at the navy yard. look who it is. chef brad. you. >> thank you. >> he's been fighting to open this place. what happened? >> i got he will body in the face on saturday. >>> how do you say the name of it. >> lospitaro which means the spit. >> that sounds sound from appetizing. >> that's the way he rolls. >>> it mean the one that goes around and around? >> that's correct. >>> look at all that meat spinning around. >> spinning around and around. >>> you have the meat on there, chicken on there i heard and i love this, you can also grill. that's what we have in front of us here. that is one fat octopus. >> it's a big one. meatier, texture is a little bit more like meat as opposed to little ones are a little bit not as meat tee. >>> how do you do this differently than other restaurants? >> you know we just try to buy the best quality octopus we can get. >>> where did this one come from. >> this is from actually the med derr rain yann. that far. >> that far. >>> this little sucker was from the mediterranean. >> it was. it has that meat