as well as issues around for the pardon of nixon. the keen university movie classes online due to the coronavirus pandemic, video of the class is courtesy of the school. >> okay guys, we are ready to start. thank you for your patience and for logging into class. again, today remotely during this unpleasant coronavirus situation, which will hopefully pass soon. i'm glad to see you were all well, also you see leave moved out of the dorms, i took a walk through campus today. since we are social distancing here doctor kristin is not here with me in the zoom but she is with you in the video, kuby say hello. there she is. she can answer any questions about the papers afterwards online. today, we get into one of my favorite chapters in the whole year, and that is the chapters, the chapter on richard nixon followed by gerald ford in this presidents and constitution book. the nixon chapter was written by the late stanley cutler. was a professor of history at the university of madison wisconsin. one of the green scholars of the watergate era. t

the next day, the nixon team kind of does the same little dance around. they had drafted a letter of acceptance from nixon to the pardon. it said something -- it was in the third person and it said, the white house staff did some terrible things and didn't serve me well as president. not even a hint of contrition, which is what ford was looking for. becker was livid. he went out and found a phone and he called for a government plane. he suspected that the nixon people were bugging the phone, which they were. so he called and let it be known, he was going to be leaving. he walked in to see them and he said, i have talked to president ford and this negotiation is over today. if we don't work these out and i walk out the door, any discussion of a pardon is walking out that door with me. don't come back when your client is indicted, in jail. this is either now and these are the terms or that's it. that got their attention. a little bit later, jack miller came back with a signature on the deed of gift and also a new statement from nixon that was starting to sou

the staff of the nixon foundation and the richard nixon presidential library have enjoyed a long friendship and professional relationship with carl. in many ways we consider you part of the family, carl. when we called him back in april to propose the idea of a first ladies exhibit, lecture and luncheon series, carl's enthusiasm was contagious. in five months, five months, the concept has become a reality. ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming carl anthony. [ applause ] >> thank you. thank you for all of you who are here today, many of you here for all of the lectures. a special thanks also to chris. we have thanked a lot of individual staff members and everyone has contributed and played a role, but certainly chris has been very calm in overseeing that all of these events have gone smoothly. so special thanks to chris nordyke. [ applause ] and, you know, from bill director of the foundation to cheryl the secretary to jim, i'm giving you their first names, maybe some of you know them all, but really i gave 100% only because i saw that i was getting 100% back from everybody. this

in the case of mrs. nixon, getting an education, she knew was going to be the answer for her chance to be part of a larger world beyond that offer community. both women understood, in coming to the white house at the time of the women's movement, understood the real rational thinking behind the idea of equal pay for equal work. and they both, in quiet yet forward down progressive ways, we're taking some of the more radical elements of what was then thought of as the women's movement or the feminist movement, and integrating them into their remarks, into the way they responded to the press, and in this sort of gentle way, this notion of these two, quote, housewives or certainly mothers, or as the public thought of them at the time, traditional women, of course overlooking their lives before they were married, in this way, it helped move things forward. certainly not without controversy. but it was also, as we were discussing earlier today, i was mentioning part of a strong tradition that it was the republican p

the nation's's capital. and because of watergate under nixon, because of the war in vietnam during the kennedy johnston nixon period, outsiders had some advantage. they could be very critical of the national scene because they had not been a part of it. >> betty ford and the rest of the family would all pitch in. together, they reached out to touch the nation. the president had yet to receive a mandate that comes with victory at the polls. it was a goal he fervently hoped to obtain. election night, 1970. six >> that's the way to stance. electoral votes -- president ford, 137, cutting 272, more than he needed, jimmy carter the next president of the united states. >> in the end, he fell short by two percentage points. yesterday had one far more than he lost. on a crisp january day in 1977, the new president's first words expressed profound gratitude to the man from grand rapids for healing a divided nation. in two and a half years, gerald ford had restored the presidency to the people of the united states. indeed, it is no exaggeration to say that he gave us back our government. in a season of doubt, he restor

policy and thought that the war should be ended. nixon said in his speech that he wanted to wind down the war but did not want to give a firm date for the withdrawal of troops, despite the pressure. the speech was intended to bolster support before the protests, and it initially succeeded. greta: tell us more about who attended these protests. lawrence: the mayday protest was a finale of a string of protests that began in mid april. more than 1000 marched to arlington cemetery and camped on the national mall near the capital. the end of their protest was to return the medals and ribbons, by hurling them over a fence. it was an extremely emotional event. they were followed by a huge coalition of group, everybody from crude -- church groups and unions to the most radical groups came together. it was the largest march that d.c. had seen, up until that point. following that, there was a series of smaller demonstrations leading up to the mayday protest , which was meant to be a three day blockade of the city to force more attention onto their

the transcript say is, as mr. nixon puts it, at variance of what he told the american people on other occasions. >> rumors of president nixon's imminent resignations swept washington on the world today. >> president nixon reportedly will announce his resignation tonight. >> hi, gerald are forward to solemnly swear that i will faithfully execute the office of president of the united states. the office of president of the united states. >> and well to the best mauve military >> preserve protect and defend >> preserve, protect, and defend. >> the constitution of the united states. >> the constitution of the united states. >> so help me. cobb >> so help me god. >> congratulations mister president. >> my fellow americans, hour-long, national nightmare is over. i have not campaign either for the presidency or the vice presidency. i have not subscribe to any partisan platform. i am indicted to know man. and only to one woman. my dear wife. i have not sought this enormous responsibility, but i will not sure can. >> gerald ford

that was the time when? richard nixon on his national security advisor henry kissinger decided to soften the terms of their in their secret talks with hanoi about how to end the war up until that point the us had insisted that no date for a pullout of us troops could be set unless north vietnamese troops also would pull out of south vietnam at the same time and they dropped that demand in this period and you know, the juxtaposition makes one think that there's no question that the intensity of the anti we're moving at something to do with that decision. so it's clearly all the marching all the work that the anti-war movement did all the sentiment in the country and it wasn't just the people in the streets. it was the poles at that point was showing that most americans thought the war was wrong and a plurality of americans believe that if the cost of getting out meant that the communists in south vietnam would have a part in the government and the coalition government then then that was something to do in order to end the

policy and thought that the war should just be ended unconditionally. nixon was saying in the speech that you showed the tape of that he wanted to wind down the war, but he did not want to give an end date, he did not want to give a firm date for withdrawal of troops despite the pressure from those who believe that the war was wrong. the speech was intended to kind of bolster his support before these protests. and it initially succeeded. >> tell us more about who attended these protests, these mayday 1971 anti-vietnam protests. >> well, the mayday protests, as i said, was the finale of a string of demonstrations that began in mid-april. the first people in town were the vietnam veterans against the war. there are more than a thousand of them who marched to arlington cemetery. they camped on the national mall right near the capitol. and the end of their protest was to return their medals and ribbons by hurling them over a fence onto the capitol steps, extremely emotional event. they were followed by a huge coalition of groups, everybody from, you know, church

yes, that was known as the nixon shock. and that's where you find it under wikipedia to research that, over the next 2 weeks, we're going to be looking at that building up to this 50 year anniversary of a great monetary experiment. this is a monetary experiment, right? because this is the 1st time we've had a global all the out world based on basically nothing but paper backed by, as paul common at the new york times. a nobel economist says back by men with guns . that's a 1st we've always had hard money or hard wealth creation, real wealth creation. so this is the 1st time we've had been beyond that sort of system. so it's an experiment we're 50 years into it. and that's kind of what because report has been doing for the past 10 years. it's kind of cataloging the results and the consequences of this were researching the experiment. right. so there's 2 parts to it. there's a monetary relativism. yeah. which is that fear money in one country was valuable relative to the money in other countries. yeah. and so that entered into

yes, that was known as the nixon shock. and that's where you find it under wikipedia to research that, over the next 2 weeks, we're going to be looking at that building up to this 50 year anniversary of a great monetary experiment. this is a monetary experiment, right? because this is the 1st time we've had a global all the out world based on basically nothing but paper backed by as paul common at the new york times. a nobel economist says back by men with guns. that's a 1st we've always had hard money or hard wealth creation, real wealth creation. so this is the 1st time we've had been beyond that sort of system. so it's an experiment we're 50 years into it. and that's kind of what because report has been doing for the past 10 years. it's kind of cataloging the results and the consequences of this were researching the experiment. right. so there's 2 parts to it. there's a monetary relativism. yeah. which is that fee money in $1.00 country was valuable relative to the money in other countries. yeah. and so that entered into

it's known as the nixon shock. and i'm going to look at this 1st chart here. 50 years later, it was the shortest recession ever. so that little recession we had from february 2020 to april 2020 was just 2 months, is the shortest recession in history. and i thought, you know what, with the accelerated parabolic printing of the money that we've seen, especially since 2008. but every single little dip in the market number used to cars back then. it used to as a pretty substantial crash on the market for any sort of intervention. but max worked and wall street in 1987. it took a 20 percent crash over 20 percent crash one day. well now it takes like a, like less than 2 percent crash and they start intervening. so i think in the future, you know, everyone will suffer 15 minutes of recession. so what happens when the length of the recession goes to 0? what's another word for that pop quiz? recession is 0 time in length. what do you call that? what is that word? is called communism right? only in communism or state run coun

certainly the nixon pardon. ford faced a challenge from ronald reagan for the presidential nomination, for the republican nomination for president. ronald reagan came from the conservative wing of the republican party. it was a race that battered ford politically. and made it impossible for him to focus on the nomination of -- focus on the democratic nominee early on, instead, he had to wait to secure the nomination before he could focus on the democratic rival. ford famously made a gaffe during a second debate with carter, i'm sorry, i'm getting ahead here. ford made a gaffe in his second debate with carter when he declared there was no soviet domination of eastern europe. and then being stubborn, he refused to clarify what he meant by that only compounding his error. there was an economic downturn shortly before the election that hurt him. and last but not least, there was betrayal of ford as a klutz. i think many of you have seen the video, maybe remember seeing it on tv, in 1975 ford went to austria to meet w

well, i look back on the nixon era with a great deal of fun. this i was in young newspaper reporter and it was a great time to be in the news room. and i remember august 15th, and i kinda miss nick, see now, don't you considering that, you know, we have the living dead in the white house. so at least he was a lively fellow. it, i didn't know you were news person in the news room actually on august 15th. so what was the vibe and like, was it anticipated? was it expected where people prepared for this? like what was the mood in the country like, i don't think anybody. i think very few people even understood what it was about or even cared that much at the time. but it was the lead up to basically really momentous. it was amendment this thing. but like many, many things that happened in history, a kind of just, you know, went over people's head and you know what, we're talking about the, shutting the door on the gold window. correct? yeah, yeah. shut the door, i'm a golden know and basically defaulted to the united kingdom because i don't, people u

involved and nixon's denying any involvement. ford believes him even as the evidence becomes overwhelming now granted for to begin a distance himself from nixon a little bit, but he still believe that nixon was not involved that nixon was telling him and not have no part in this i'm not involved in this yet and for believed him. that was until the evidence. came out the smoking gun tape which demonstrated nixon had been involved into into conspiracy and obstructive justice. and it was painful for ford. he considered nixon a friend and he felt very about lied to velvet betrayed by nixon. nixon of course had the choice between resignation and impeachment chose resignation. and now ford finds himself. and a period of eight months. going from congressperson. device president and our president united states to give you an idea of just how fast this had happened. um okay. when president ford became vice president he had kept his phone number in the white pages of the alexandria phone book because he believed if people need to be able to get a hold of me then they g

this event subsequently led to the creation of a special investigative unit in the nixon white house which became known as the plumbers. an author formally from them washington post has written a book, king richard, which takes a look at that special unit which eventually resulted in the resignation of the president. it's an event that is well known today as watergate. >> michael dobbs on this episode of quick notes plus. listen wherever you get your podcasts. >> monday night, on "the communicators" -- >> i'm going to tell you the ways information technologies are being used to further our clinical agendas. basically the way technology is being used via coercion and other means to accomplish clinical goals, especially for those who are not democratic, have anti-democratic aspirations. >> the senior fellow of the carnegie endowment, monday night at 8:00 eastern on c-span2. >> next, chinese president, xi jinping, delivers remarks on the 100th anniversary of the chinese communist party. he talks about the strength of the chinese people, there resilience of the military, and warned agains

at the time richard nixon, i think in the johnson/nixon area became the idea of self determination that's act was passed to really give the tribes more responsibility rather than the federal government doing all these difrp things for us. different things for us. that's when we seen this transition into empowerment. of tribes to live self-determined, in other words xtd -- today we're in an area of self-governance where tribes basically contracted for the funding that they basically ran these programs themselves. they just hired their own people. they hired whoever they wanted to hire. didn't have to really use indian health service, you know, employees to really -- and some tribes still do that today. our health care really seems self governance funding. we run the health center ourselves with certain amount of federal funding. we do that. i think we've come a long way. our strength is we're located in the city. all we have to do is buy properties and bring the businesses into the tribe. in rural, nevada, may not ruin businesses even if you were to buy piece of land. so the strength of us

well, the nixon shock started $97.00, we're going to be covering it for the next 2 weeks here. you know, we, we have a situation whereby as these price prices increase, i think the money printing will have to increase the stimulus checks we'll have to increase. so we'll see how that goes, whether we're going to get more and more high inflation, super high inflation by double digit monthly inflation, like we had back in the seventy's. so that's something we're going to cover for the next 2 weeks, right? the many more of the shows will in fact be inflated. all right, don't go away much more coming away. the, me, i the ah, in algorithm, so neural networks have been following us every where we look online because our relationships are what matters most of us. that's how we find meaning and how we make sense in our place in the silicon valley see, don't mention in the slick presentations. however, the ghost workers who train with software human, they're involved in every step of the process when you're using anything online. but we're solve this miracle of automation behind your scr

capitol hill who believe they are choosing not just the next vice president, but president of the united states. so nixon nominated ford to fill the vacancy. over 400 fbi agents spread out across the united states to investigate congressman ford. he passes that investigation, the results of which are handed to congress. congress then schedules a vote on congressman ford's nomination and this is the card that speaker of the house carl albert hands to gerry noting the house vote, 387 voting in support of his nomination, 35 opposing. there was another vote that was held in the senate and only three senators voted against his nomination to the vice presidency. congressman ford in december 1973 is sworn in as vice president. this is the bible on which he was sworn in. again, he has it open to his favorite passage, the passage that he and betty have leaned on many times in their lives of proverbs 3:5-8. he'll have the same bible open to the same passage months later when he's sworn in as president of the united states. he's only going to be vice president for a matter of months, eight months in fact. he doesn'

the making. i think it was 1972, wasn't it? that nixon went to china started to bring them into the global economy then, and of course in 2001 they became part of the w cio and favorite nation status. so these are cycles that are all coming to ahead and you can only control one part of the cycle for right the cycle that is the recession has been effectively managed or canceled through central bank machinations and manipulation of the money supply and, and the co option of the bankers by authoritarian and the bigger cycles that you're talking about there in terms of the 4th turning as it's called or the through cities trap, which is a multi decade kind of cycle. these cycles like the cycles of the planets cannot be changed. yeah. using fia, by dictate by pronouncing the sun will rise in the west if that's not going to work . so at some point, like putting a beach ball under water, you know, a little kid. he's pushing the beach paul, under water at some point that it can't do it anymore. pops up to the surface. so no matter how much the cen

you are part of our 50th anniversary special of the nixon shock. that is the 50th anniversary on august 15th, we're asking our guest just for their general views on basically what your feelings are of 50 years of the out. well, i look back on the next in the era with a great deal of fun this. i was a young newspaper reporter and it was a great time to be in the news room. and i remember august 15th, and i kinda miss next the now, don't you considering that, you know, we have the living dead in the white house. so at least he was a lively fellow. it, i didn't know you were a new person in the news room actually on august 15th. so what was the vibe and like, was it anticipated? was it expected where people prepared for this? like what was the mood in the country like, i don't think anybody. i think very few people even understood what it was about or even cared that much at the time. but it was the lead up to basically really momentous. it was a momentous thing. but like many momentous things that happen in history, it kinda just, you know, went over

you have to remember that the nixon's were in the house one might had was a young congressman, so my mother had known pat nixon for quite some time and so -- >> was that when he was vice president? >> they were in the white house, obviously for the president mister -- nixon. >> no, take nixon was in the house, he was over on capitol hill. >> that house! >> so me when my dad came in as a french freshman congressman, dick nixon was -- befriended him, i should say, and they became friends there. so when you watched my parents walk the nixon's out to the helicopter for the departure, it was a very sad day because it was a friendship that, you know, had changed and i think my dad was very upset that he had been like to. he had absolutely been lie to and that was hard for him to handle because one of the things that my parents raised as kids was tell the truth. absolutely, tell the truth. and, you know, the punishment will be much less. >> that's fascinating. and of course, you didn't have as many first ladies around has her father left office. there were five former living presidents -- an

choosing not the next vice president necessarily but quite likely the next president of the united states. so president nixon nominates gerald ford to fill the vacancy of the vice presidency. over 400 fbi agents spread out across the united states to investigate congressman ford, and he passes that investigation the results of which are handed to congress congress then schedules a vote on congressman ford's nomination and this is the card that speaker of the house carl albert hands to jerry ford noting the house vote 387 voting in support of his nomination 35 opposing. there was another vote that was that was held in the senate and only three senators voted against his nomination to the vice presidency. congressman ford in december 1973 is sworn in as vice president. this is the bible on which he was sworn in and again, he hasn't open to his passage the passage that he and betty had leaned on many times in their lives of psalm. i'm sorry proverbs 3 5 through 8 trust in the lord with all your heart and leave not into your own understanding and all your ways acknowledge him and he shall direct your path. he'll

nixon got very bad press from pearson over the years. t nixon was a quaker and felt he should break up the fight. host: the administration was a tight ship with not many weeks. but i want you to talk about the incident that started a press government relations down a slope credibility gap. mr. ritchie: as a former military man he was used to controlling the press and thought he could control them as president. he had an effective press secretary, jim haggerty, who provided the press the information they were seeking but made sure they did not see the information the administration wanted to protect. they did not want leaks. eisenhower did a lot of foreign policy through the cia. there were instances in iran, guatemala, vietnam, that we did not know about at the time but it affected our foreign policy for generations. they are still feeling the effects in iran. at the time, everything was hush-hush and eisenhower was happy. one of the issues that came up was, is the u.s. falling behind russia and producing missiles? so the image of a missi

imagine being in the shoes of richard nixon. pretty well-earned reputation as a communist buster, one of the premiere communist busters in america, and along comes this democrat from massachusetts suggesting that he, richard nixon, was not quite anti-communist enough. it was galling. kennedy had somehow managed to outflank nixon as an anti-communist hawk. probably the best example of this occurred in one of the nixon/kennedy television debates. not the first debate, the one that's most famous, but the fourth debate. this debate may have been the most important in the campaign. at the very least it offered a glimpse into the wonderful strangeness that was richard nixon. kennedy had come out in the press the previous day with a statement about cuba. in his statement, kennedy suggested the eisenhower administration was being negligent against castro and they ought to find some way to help anti-castro cubans take up arms against castro. of course, this is exactly what the eisenhower administration was trying to do. when nixon saw th

best example occurred in one of the nixon/kennedy television debates. not the first, the one that's most famous, but the fourth debate. it may have been the most important in the campaign. at the very least it offered a glimpse in the wonderful strangeness that was richard nixon. kennedy had come out in the press the previous day with a statement about cuba. in his statement kennedy suggested that the eisenhower administration was being neglect about castro and that they out to find a way to help anti-castro cubeens take up arms against castro. of course this was what the eisenhower administration was trying to do. when nixon saw this in the newspapers he was outraged. somebody in the cia, he thought, must have told kennedy about the cia's plan and now kennedy was claiming this as his own idea when, in fact, he, richard nixon, had been pushing for this operation for months. but nixon couldn't say that because it was a covert operation, so he just had to shut up and let kennedy pretend the whole thing was his idea. well, that's probably what he should hav

there was one year in the nixon administration where they decided to use a lot more real eggs, and a few got misplaced, shall we say, for a while. that was the last time they did that. >> 1876 was rutherford hayes. why did president hayes and his family decide they wanted to take over the tradition? >> the president was out on his daily walk. some school children encountered him and said we have no place to roll our eggs now and he said that's odd. why don't you just come back with me and you can roll eggs on the white house grounds. a couple hundred children did that first year in 1878. >> and then as time goes by, you tell this in your story, it is accompanied by illustrations. who did those? >> john hot and, an absolutely genius artist and art historian. >> what were you trying to achieve with this? >> what we were trying to do was have a book that was both educational and fun, and accessible to as wide a variety of readers as we could. we would like it to be a book that children can read, but also, especially for younger children, that hopefully their parents will read to the chil

you have to remember that the nixons were in the house when my dad was a young congressman. so, my mother had known pat nixon for quite some time. and so -- >> is that when he was vice president? or -- or they -- they were in the -- in the white house, obviously, for the -- for the -- for the president -- but -- >> no, dick nixon was in the house. he was over in the -- on capitol hill. >> that house. >> in that house. so when my dad came in as a freshman congressman, dick nixon was a good friend -- was -- befriended him, i should say. and they became friends, then. so, when you watched my parents walk the nixons out to the helicopter for the departure, it was a very sad day because it was a friendship that, you know, had changed. and -- and i think, my dad was very upset that he had been lied to. he had, absolutely, been lied to. and -- and he, you know, that was hard for him to handle. because one of the things that my parents raised us, kids, was tell the truth. absolutely, tell the truth. and, you know, the punishment will be much less. so -- >> that's fascinating. and, of

the nixon administration claimed, with possibly good reason that the pilots were being tortured. d of course, in a war, that's always a possibility and nixon wouldn't stop the bombing until the vietnamese stopped that torture and release the man. of course, they stopped bombing, they wouldn't have prisoners of war. families of the missing men, missing because only a few knew who was that a love or live join the nixon campaign. so much -- come up with a suggestion that since nearly all families had no idea if they're pilot sons, fathers or husbands had been captured, killed or went missing in action, we should offer to find out. by letting them write a letter once a month and receive a letter from home in return, we created the committee of liaison with families of soldiers detained in north vietnam. it was called -- for short. we brought our proposal to the women's union of vietnam. the closest thing to a nongovernment organization and a communist country. so we wouldn't be arrested under the logan act. we brought hands full of letters from families to be distributed to those who

but it's been considered a key element of the room. nixon era furniture, has been kept but we have some new we have a new rug and some new upholstery fabrics. what you see, in this picture in the lower left painting, that was acquired for mrs. laura bush. the 1947 painting, and she wanted to go in the public room. just as mrs. kennedy thought, things that were new an interesting, should be added to the public rooms. so was decided to put in the green room. and we have to decide we don't have a lot of abstract art, this may be harsh for mrs. kennedy's taste, but the collection is growing, and the interest in all periods is growing. so what we were able to pair with this, is this john marin painting, and that was what mrs. kennedy acquisition. she found it light and easy and was very useful upstairs. and it was interesting as a pair with the other paintings. beyond the wall you see the far left, in the green room, is a john singer sergeant fainting called the mosquito net. this was where this was acquired early in the johnson and ministration.

well, the nixon shock started $97.00. we're going to be covering that for the next 2 weeks here. you know, we, we have a situation whereby as these price prices increase, i think the money printing will have to increase the stimulus checks we'll have to increase. so we'll see how that goes, whether we're going to get more and more high inflation, super high inflation by double digit monthly inflation like we had back in the seventy's. so that's something we're going to cover for the next 2 weeks, right? many more of the shows will in fact be inflated. alright, don't go away. much more coming away. the me ah, ah, the me, the new gold rush is underway and gunner thousands of ill equipped workers are flocking to the goldfields, hoping to strike it. rich children are torn between gold and education. my family was very poor. i thought i was doing my best to get back to school, which still will have the strongest appeal. look forward to talking to you all. that technology should work for people. a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings, except where the shorter does that c

if you think about it, back in the '60s, before president nixon and milton friedman, and the whole group of people had a push for a volunteer army, and president nixon managed to get it through the congress. before that, there were people serving who didn't want to serve in our military. everyone today is there because they want to. every single person is there because they put up their hand and said i want to do this - i'm a volunteer - send me. and the mood in the country is so different, as a result of that. compared to the vietnam war, the - today, the - what's going on in iraq or afghanistan - the american people are proud of the military, and the military are proud of what they're doing, and they know what they're doing, and they know why they're doing it, which is why i decided i wanted the proceeds from the book - my proceeds - to go to the men and women in uniform, and their families, who also served and to the children of the fallen. and that's what'll happen to the proceeds. lamb: if you get on the donald rumsfeld foundation web site, you see that you have somewhere around $10