the revolution played a great part in saving america. ct to the racism in the country and therefore respond with racism. the white students have been very interested in the path of the foreign policy of the united states. they are demanding that the united states withdraw from vietnam, stop brutalizing the vietnamese people. we feel the white students pay more attention to the colonized situation here of the blacks first because after all, this is home. this is not to say they should not denounce america's treacherous actions abroad. i think they can be done at the same time. it's just a matter of placing emphasis upon the criminal activities of america in the homeland. >> let's get into the inner workings and the meanings of this. let's get into the inner workings in the meaning of a black revolution and why black people have the right to take what's theirs. you can read the program. it's a basic program. it's simple he says exactly what black people have been crying for for 400 years. one, we want freedom. we want the power to determine

this was a complicated moment during the revolution and after the revolution. transformative, compelling, captivating, confusing, frightening, utterly incomprehensible. not being able to understand what is happening while it is happening or what it is going to lead to. choate.n certain thingst are clear. some things are over. british kings, british governors, british history instantly offensive and completely obsolete. all of that.o now what was required were of american images, american rituals, american heroes, american history, even though the history is you know, 15 minutes long. laughter] paul: and especially in a new country that is not united, fractured. local identities. new yorkers thought of themselves first and foremost as new yorkers not as citizens of the united states, whatever that was. same thing with south carolinians, georgians, you name it. their identities are local. are being asked to become citizens of a greater entity and how were they persuaded by that. how were they persuaded of a new national identity for themselves? this is a task i t

this was 1977, before the revolution starts. presenting this evidence does not detract from the fact that there was a high level of dissatisfaction in iran in 1978. but neither can scholars now overlook compelling evidence that that shows the level and presence of an organized, foreign-backed opposition to the pahlavi state. one of the reasons why i believe these groups mobilized against the shah was in reaction to his decision to support his friend anwar sadat's search for a peace settlement with israel in 1978. you actually had these two momentous events happening right at the same time. fascinating from a historical vantage point. for the first time, i think it's safe to say that the unrest in iran had an international dimension and that it was not a purely local episode provoked by domestic grievances against the ruling elite. internationalizing the story of the revolution brings a new perspective to talking about the circumstances surrounding the shah's downfall. in the book i also detail the many acts of sabotage undertaken

> ♪ the revolution has come >> off the pigs!guns ♪ >> off the pigs! >> ♪ the revolution has come >> off the pigs! >> ♪ time to pick up the guns >> off the pigs! > ♪ the revolution has come >> off the pigs! >> ♪ time to pick up the guns >> they have made a coalition with primarily a white group to fight on two friends. we must live the late -- we must liberate the colony. the revolution played a great part in saving america. if it were not for the white students, the black panther party would react to the racism in the country and therefore respond with racism. the white students have been very interested in the path of the foreign policy of the united states. they are demanding that the united states withdraw from vietnam, set up -- stopper or lysing the vietnamese people -- the vietnamese people. the white students played -- pay more attention here first. this is home. this is not to say they should not denounce america's treacherous actions abroad. i think they can be done at the same time. placingt a matter of influence on th

the french are writing the checks for the american revolution. they have sent soldiers, the navy, they are writing checks. you imagine this picture showing up in front of louis this -- louis the 16th as if to say things are going very well, as you can see here. we are confident, calm, not a problem. more checks. stuart paints washington over there on the right more than 100 times over the course of 30 years. , the largest copy, his pictures -- i will tell you more about this in a minute, they go on and on and appear everywhere. in other words, these works of art becomes -- become objects of national faith. belief in them, belief and the people in this case -- washington is the glue of the nation. but in order to understand that in south carolina, in order to understand that in new hampshire, we have got to see something. not in person. but something has to occur. of therd building block artists, is and that i'm thinking that these are, stillt were and are, to america, but the iliad -- aey it -- a knee and neid word to the greeks and romans -- were

the american revolution was the first of these revolutions. 1776. colonial mere rebellion like the algerians throwing off french rule in the 1960's. in american eyes, it was a world historical event. in europe, richard price, the unitarian minister, in 1785, said, the american revolution is the second most important event in the history of the world. the first according to him was the birth of jesus christ. but the american revolution in his estimation -- that was the excitement among a lot of radicals, including french radicals. there was a lot of radical chic in france, excitement over the american revolution. the french revolution erupted 13 years later and because it was such a momentous upheaval, it tended to dominate western consciousness. keep in mind it followed the american revolution, and that is the french have never forgiven us for. may french leaders believe the american revolution was the stimulus for their revolution. lafayette took the key from the bastille and sent it to washington as a mark of your contribution. the americans contri

the cuban revolution represents . ation of cuban history behind fidel castro, even perhaps had a fidel castro, our people, a people who lead been struggling for and nationalation sovereignty for the better part of a century. fidel castro happens to be the person who had the capacity to bring to fruition the historical of a long process. it happens that this process culminates in the early 1960's at the same time the decolonization of africa and southeast asia and the middle east -- then all of a sudden, cuba comes in with a global phenomenon. worldly no country in the is more of an imprint of the american domination more than cuba did in the 20th century. so that fidel castro with 6 million of the cubans assumed the political position of challenging the american presence, of minimizing american influence, asked sounding american capital, of breaking diplomatic relations, and then ofhstanding 60 years invasion, multiple embargoations, and an most of it speaks to the resolve not only a fidel castro, but the resolve of th

certainly the economy has been struggling ever since the cuban revolution. many families have been divided by the cuban revolution. still quite a lot of hatred for the man. but there is still a sense in cuba of the revolution, the promise that it once had. and i think a lot of people here, while celebrating fidel castro and his life are looking with a lot of concern towards the future. now raul castro has a year left in power. 85 years old. and it's not entirely clear yet how the cuban revolution will outlast the death of its principal leader. >> patrick oftman, the only u.s. correspondent based in havana. thank you so much for the insight and context. we'll be back with you through the hour i'm sure. >> and over the coming hours we'll get you reactions from around the world. let's go to moscow now. jill dougherty joining us from the russian capital. has there been any reaction, any official reaction and if there hasn't been official reaction yet, what do you think that would likely be? >> reporter: there has been reaction now from the kremlin, from president

the american revolution was the first of these revolutions. it was no colonial rebellion like the algerians throwing off french rule in the 1960's. in america, he was an historical event. price, therichard unitarian minister, in 1785, said, the american revolution is the second most important event in the history of the world. the first according to him was the birth of jesus christ. that was the excitement among a lot of radicals, including french radicals. the french revolution erupted 13 years later and because it was such a momentous of people, it dominated western consciousness. it followed the american revolution in that is the french have never forgiven us for. many leaders believe the american revolution was the stimulus for their revolution. lafayette took the key from the and sent it to washington as a mark of your contribution. incourse, it hangs today mount vernon. colonialn was not just but the overthrowing of monarchy. uses a little confusing to weh-century terms because have a lot of monarchs in europe that we happen to like. mon

the american revolution is a political movement. the revolutionary war is the fighting within that larger umbrella term the american revolution. and i think no one would argue that the revolutionary war began with lexington and concourt in april 19, 1775. when the american revolution begins, that's a harder thing to answer. a lot of people would say that it began with the end of the french and indian war, because the whole taxation problem came about, exactly, because they were -- because britain needed money after they depleted all their treasury to pay for this war, really fought to defend western boundary of 13 colonies against the french and indians and established this new boundary. so they -- the french indian war as we called it also the seven years war in europe and became world war of sorts. it was hugely expensive for the british. so they needed to raise revenue. a lot of people argued that's the start of the american revolution. needing that revenue means new taxes, taxation without representation, protest in america. but

but, in the meantime what's happened, while the revolution has happened, the american revolution has happened, in large part, i would argue, because of what indians have done. in the american revolution, the french come in on the side of the americans as an opportunity to settle old scores with the brits. and you have french officers, french troops in america fighting alongside the americans. who then go home, and they go home in some cases carrying the ideals of revolution. all men are created equal. how is that going to play in a country with an absolute monarchy? and the french revolution, obviously is a product of a complex interplay of factors, but ideology, thinking, just a simple notion plays into that. napoleon subverts that revolution and begins to create an empire in north america. and in 1800, he pressures spain into handing louisiana territory back to france. because, in part, part of his vision of this new world order that he's going to create, is a rebuilding, a restoration of the french empire in north america. but, the ideas of the french revolution are no more easily

♪ >> coming up, rebuilding after the earthquake. revolution will be televised. d china, the world's electronic wastebasket. mesmerized by what was destroyed. >> in nepal, a long way to go after the earthquake. >> he lost his mother and his school. >> if we are rebuilding in school, it have to be -- school. >> rebuilding lives and schools in nepal. ♪ >> i live in kathmandu. i am helping with the school that was destroyed. ♪ >> i was amazed by how many schools were destroyed. the only good thing i can think of is that happened on a weekend. ♪ ♪ ♪ [chatter] >> you need wls that are reinforced and brackets that support the walls a so the ceiling doesn't collapse as quickly and it allows evacuations. you need flexibility in the design, so the building can move as the earthquake is happening. and a place like nepal does not have the technology. but there are things you can do at the local level that will help. >> and the reconstruction has started now. it is a program i initiated. >> there are now modern ways of predicting earthquakes and giving children more time to e

that was true for about 20% of cubans before the revolution. there was no democracy that they ever experienced in cuba. they had corrupt governments before that did very little for the majority of the people. the vast majority of cubans benefited from the cuban revolution and other countries around the world, poor countries, looked to cuba in that way as a leader for what they could do for their people, bringing literacy and health care. >> we've got just a few seconds left. can you just quickly tell us after fidel castro has died? >> fidel castro really has not been involved very much in anything day-to-day or even in the large policy directions for the last at least five years. so i don't think there will be much change. i've gotten messages from friends in cuba who tell me that there is great sadness as if the father of the country has died. >> philip brenner, professor at american university, we appreciate your insight this morning. thank you very much. and coming up here on " continue with our coverage of fidel castro's death. >>> and a loo

what i would never do is negotiate the revolution. the revolution is not negotiable. socialism is not negotiable. sovereignty and the independence of our country are not that i would never negotiate. >> does it seem crazy to you that american presidents every four years allow the american people just to vote them out of power, that they put their entire power at risk every four years? >> translator: i think four years is too short for any program that you want to undertake. in eight years you can do a bit programs. in 12 or 20 years you can do much more. >> just fascinating interviews from barbara and diane right there, but we want to switch gears a little bit and take a look at the weather and for that we send things over to rob marciano. good morning, rob. >> good morning, paula. hi, dan. of course, the holiday weekend and a lot of people outside on the roads. we want to run down where the trouble spots are. blewett pass in washington east of seattle and winds with one of several storms coming through knocked out power for a few thousand people there and we've got a

support for the revolution was lower in eastern ukraine where she is from. rn over the recent rolution, which is revolution, maidan named for the plaza where the revolution take place -- took place. ♪ announcer: despite the difficult situation she finds herself in, she still has hope for the future. she has received training at the democracy project and now has work with the city council. her town council and others like it across ukraine received support from the u.n. democracy fund, to help bring about reform in the country and give greater voice to the citizens. many of those consuls -- cou ncils like this one are enthusiastic supporters of reform. ya, at the -- oksan council, is in favor of the revolution. announcer: it is 10:00 a.m. on a thursday and oksanya is supervising a session. public representatives from the surrounding region have come to the city to vote on aundle of new proposals with far-reaching effects. she says the support they have received through the ui democracy fund has helped transform the council. announcer: the project was the brain

what i would never do is negotiate the revolution, the revolution is not negotiable, socialism is not negotiable. sovereignty and the independence negotiable. that i would never negotiate. >> does it seem crazy that american presidents, every four years allow the american people just to vote them out of power, that they put their entire power at risk every four years? >> translator: i think four years is too short for any program that you want to undertake. in eight years you can do a bit programs, in 12 or 20 years you can do much more. >> just fascinating interviews from barbara and diane right there but we want to switch gears and take a look at the weather and for that we send things over to rob marciano. good morning, rob. >> good morning. >>> we have a trough sliding down into northern ohio. it will stir up some rain and mixing mixing with them wet snow. already reports of a as a warm up a few more degrees any snow should change over the scattered light rain and drizzle during the afternoon. upper 30s to near 40. hour by hour we will hover in the lower 40s during the afternoon.

they want the things that are important to them. that is what they mean by revolutionnd what it's all about. they want a better life. >> they want social justice, but the guy in the rice paddy wouldn't call it that. as a matter of fact he probably wouldn't know what those words mean, but it's the same thing. he wants to be left alone. he's tired of being frightened, kicked around and beaten up. he wants personal dignity, and he certainly doesn't get much of that over here. >> these people want education. it's key to the future for them. >> health is another big problem. disease is a serious thing. life expectancy is pretty low. >> the war his that along. >> it sure does, but some of these people never seen a doctor. you should see how think crowd around our medics. they want to get their families taken care of. >> social justice, if that's what you want to call it, or simply the desire not to be balesen up, education for the children, health facilities, the hunger for land and to make the land more mountiful. these are the wants of the people. they are the objectives o

in fact the effort here is to make sure the revolution does nearly a third of the island's population is under 25. and they're increasingly drawn to american pop culture as wifi hot spots pop up. we found carla martinez sharing a phone with her mother. you are more interested in talking to your friend online no? si. >> reporter: as you can see, now the first of many, many thousands who are expected to gather here at revolution have started to arrive. now as you saw in the piece we talked about wi-f i and access o the internet. something dissidents have come to as a way, and concern the youth is becoming too distracted at a defining time in the island's history. >> that's the "overnight news" for this tuesday. for some of you the news continues. for others check back with us a news and of course, cbs this morning. from the broadcast center in new york city, i'm don dahler. >>> attack at ohio state. >> we have a man with a knife running around cutting people. >> a student from somalia targets pedestrians as others rush to safety. >> i heard a loud noise like a crash and just saw people

he led the cuban revolution in 1959. rning the island nation into the first communist regime in the western hemisphere, castro ruled 49 years i believe as the prime minister and the president of the name. he was known for his cigars, fiery speeches and brought social reforms to cuba, but has been widely criticized for oppressing the people there. many people now are excited to have cellphones and wi-fi. >> let's bring in carlos alberto montenerro. we have been looking at the pictures of what is going on in the streets of miami. we have seen specifically pictures from little havana. can you tell us what you saw and heard? >> well, a lot of people are very happy with what happened in havana. i saw, many years ago i saw something similar when franco disappeared, many people start drinking champagne. in miami, this is the same type of reaction. >> carlos, as you see these images, give our viewers around the world some context about where this is happening and why it is so significant for many of these families of exiles, for

in december 2006, cubans celebrated the 50th anniversary of the revolution and a belated birthday without the guest of honor who was still too ill to attend. he didn't reappear in the public eye until 2010, and, almost a year later, he officially resigned as the communist party's leader. in 2012, cuba hosted another ponitff, pope benedict. castro was too ill to attend a large mass which drew thousands, but the pair did hold a meeting. >> these 50 years have shown that isolation has not worked. it's time for a new approach. >> sreenivasan: then, in a momentous development in december of 2014, president obama announced the united states would reestablish diplomatic ties with cuba. that meant opening up an embassy in havana, expanding economic ties and easing travel bans. the first step was a prisoner swap between the two countries. but the deal was made with fidel's brother, president raul castro. it was the first major discussion between presidents of the u.s. and cuba since 1961, and fidel was still nowhere to be seen. despite his decline from public life and politics, the communist icon

>> well, futurecast is -- has been the leader or a leader of the cuban revolution since the days of the revolution, since the overthrow of batista, an ambitious dictator who killed tens of thousands on the island. so it's -- fidel castro represents the best of cuba, along with the other historic leaders of the revolution. and they are very much respected by people across the island. of course mistakes have been made. at the end of the day, cuba is a proud independent company that's achieved an awful lot despite the ongoing aggressive u.s. blockade for over 50 years. >> i do have to push back with one thing. i mean, even human rights watch has a very grim report when it comes to freedom of speech, to reporters being able to do their job, when it comes to people being imprisoned. how does all of that factor into his legacy? >> i think cuba is by now means, by anybody's standards, a human rights disaster zone. there are many human rights disaster zones around the continent. and the united states have been involved in many situations. in chile, nicaragua, el salvador, guatemala. to accuse c

the first place of the revolution. charlie rose has more on the >> reporter: fidel castro's death marks the end of an era whether the start of a new one for cuba remains to be seen. illness forced castro to transfer his powers to his brother raul in 2006, and to hand over the presidency in 2008. though his iron fist no longer ruled cuba, the 90-year-old was a potent symbol of the revolution. what was the best thing he did? for the cuban people? >> education, health. free for the people. >> reporter: health and education? >> of course. >> reporter: will it change without fidel? >> i don't really worry about it. >> fidel castro, face the nation. >> castro appeared on "face the nation." >> what we want now is peace. what we want now is our peace here. >> reporter: some cubans wonder if raul castro will pursue modified capitalism and democratic reforms. these women are wives and mothers of jailed dissidents. >> we are going to continue with raul castro who will do the same thing fidel did, she said, those two did the same t

obviously, it led to the south joining the revolution. so, the question is, whether or not, this is truly, and this is before emancipation in enlang, in general, for slaves. the question is whether or not this tactic on their part is truly counter productive. it obviously was not enough to get james lafayette to side with the british. he was playing his angle to get freedom from the americans. overall was this tactic on a promising freedom, which led to lots of african-americans pointing to halifax and africa. this is a crazy story, but it was truly counter productive to play this game in the first place. >> wow. there's a really great book that talks about the patriot angle to that. it's woody holton, "forced founders" that talks about this. i wonder if he referenced the british side of it. the proclamation was instrumental in virginia. november 1 of 1775 any enslaved or endentured servant of a patriot would be freed. that's early, then the phillipsburg proclamation and, again, like i mentioned all the enslaved african-americans running t

this is a historic leader of the cuba revolution. d it is a man without will never be the same. >> fidel castro was born august 13th, 1926. he led the cuban revolution in 1959 to the island nation and the first communist regime in the western hemisphere. he ruled cuba for nearly 50 years first as prime minister then president. known for his long fiery speech, military fatigues and, of course, cigars. >> and he's got brought reformed and widely criticized for freedom of speech. thousands of cubans fled to the u.s. and health problems finally forced castro to resign the presidency in 2008, at that time he named his brother raul as his successor. between 1965 and 1973 alone, more than 260,000 left in a u.s.-organized airlift. others left in these makeshift boats across the state of florida. >> many of them made homes in little havana in miami. amid cheers and banging of pots and pans, cnn's chris moody joins us live. chris, how are people reacting and why are they reacting this way? >> well, it was not long after the announcement of fide

he's one of the iconic revolutional leaders of cuba. again, fidel castro has died at the age of 90 years old. he came to power in 1959 and since then has ban force in world politics unlike any other. we've been have fidel castro, and we are now going to go to andrea mitchell with a look back at fidel castro's life. >> to his followers, he was commandante or just fidel. to his enemy az feared dictator. one of the world's last communists. he graduated with both a law degree and a doctorate, tried running for the national assembly in 1952 until cuban strongman batista seized power and canceled the elections. in 1953 castro led a reasonable e rebel group against batista's military barracks and failed. castro ended up in jail for two years until ab am nest where i when he went into ebs i'll. in mexico castro regrouped with his brother, raul, and fellow revolutionary ernesto riviera. the three led a force back to cuba in 1956. two years later on new year's day, 1959, they toppled batista and marched into havana. "meet the press" in april 1959.

you either were for the revolution or against it. ent that had so much impact across the world. for people who supported fidel never gave up on the dream of 0 socialist revolution. for so many millions of millions who had to flee went to miami and felt this was the man who took away their homes. in fact their nation. never forgave him. i think you have to have celebrations. of course there will be some official mourning here. what most cubans feel is a weariness. theyave waited for this day for so long. i asked cubans if they heard the news. other than the brief announcement by raul castro the news is just now breaking. for a lot of people, even though they expected this day for so long it's going to take much longer to absorb the news. i lived in miami for years and they used to say fidel castro was immortal, proven otherwise today. a man who survived for so long against all odds has passed away. his legacy, some would say the damage of his revolution will endure. it will take quite a lot to rebuild this island and of course we have

it's really exciting to start tonight with the cannons that started the revolution so welcome j.l. bell. inch thank you to everybody for inviting me back and for supporting my travel. this talk begins with a basket question -- what were the british soldiers in concord on and i want 19th, 1775 looking for. we usually say the revolutionary war started that day is it started at dawn on the 19th when blish soldiers killed eight militia men on the lexington common, but they were on their way to concord, but general thomas gage had ordered them to search concord for something in particular. now, what did he hope they would find in a standard description of what the proenvironmentals appears in the siege of boston. the committee of supplies gathered together a few hundred picks axes, a muskets, 4,000 flint, and a small supply of peas and flour. a pitiful attempt to compete with the vast resources of great britain this was written on -- this town is full of cannon, ammunition, stores, et cetera and the army long for them. the people are ready and determined to defend this country. alan fren

my life started basically about the same time as cuban revolution did. >> life under castro's rule. a cnn executive producer recounts his early life under the castro government. also, in aleppo, the syrian government says their forces have moved into a rebel-held district in the city's east we have a live report ahead. >>> from cnn world headquarters in atlanta, welcome to our viewers here in the united states and around the world. i'm george howell, "cnn newsroom" starts right now. >>> it is 5:01 on the u.s. east coast. one day after the death of fidel castro. his funeral set for december 4th and leading up tot the island nation had declared nine days of mourning. castro died at the age of 90 years old late friday. his remains will be cremated and will be displayed at revolutionary square in havana. that plaza was completed in 1959. that was the year that castro came to power. the mood in havana was quiet. many people there thought of him as a father figure to the nation. quite the opposite though, in miami, florida. cuban exiles celebrated. they took to the streets in little havana

leading cuba for five seconds after taking power in the 1959 revolution. under castro's leadership, cuba became a single-party state, and the only communist government in the western hemisphere. he outlasted nine american presidents before he stepped down in 2008, among the cuban people, castro inspired a mix of devotion and contempt. his supporters saw him as a social justice icon who brought universal education and free health care for all cuban citizens, but his enemies revile him as a dictator who was consumed with power and who drove the country to economic neglect. celebrations in miami's little havana community may not have stopped last night. thousands of cuban americans took to the streets to celebrate castro's death. the news was welcomed among the community of cuban exiles who fled the country after castro took power. for more on the celebration in miami's little havana, lest go to kerry sanders. i know you've been talking to residents all day. what are they telling zblou. >> reporter: well, it's a larger gathering by the hour. right here on call

he needed to have america as an enemy in order to shore up the revolution. is that a fair or is that an unfair interpretation of what he was doing all these years. >> so i think that in the complexity of this man, he did in fact thrive with the u.s. opposition. this is a president of cuba who translated the act that tried to consolidate the embargo into spanish, had it read over radio and television because in fact it was so scary for ordinary cubans who feared they would be evicted from their homes that it was helpful to fidel to have this kind of u.s. law even though every president of the united stays since that time clinton, bush and obama had the authority under the law which they exercised to cancel it. so he did benefit from this really almost incredibly stupid for a long time, behavior on the part of the united states it helped him politically at home. but i did want to pull out a thread of part of what peter was saying about fidel's interest in let's call it problem solving with the united states. and much more modest word. and one element of fidel's