for the space of soviet leaders deaths. hen the armor of presenting. it can only be surprising how many fatal contingencies the last soviet leaders had to collide with it would be interesting to know from their kind of mission chance of the rapid health worsening of the soviet leaders could be a result of an outrageous incompetence of doctors or of furley plans aversive back which was accurately calculated well prepared and fulfilled by the so called qualified doctors kept all. racial i took the news paper and came to a meeting of academics. where i said to call it school i have to tell you that you know that twelve of you sitting here you are going to be subject to prosecution. and wipe the sweat off the hook. they decided to write an official letter to craft a newspaper that said you're making a second case against oxalis. was so intimidated by the they decided to publish it. end of the u.s.s.r. from nineteen fifty three to nineteen sixty four no chronic diseases really connected in him during his stint in office the only

ukraine on the supreme soviet of the u.s.s.r. dr levy a commercial has been awarded the order of lenin for her assistance to the government in unmasking killer dr. in one hundred forty eight heart specialist libya tunisia sent a letter to the kremlin same she disagree with the way doctors treat as you don't know a high ranking service official but the criminal nor the letter however four years later it was found in archives by that time stalin was already obsessed he thought physicians were trying to harm him to michigan as a now provided the basis of a criminal case stolen couldn't see the case through however as he died on march the fifth night you fifty three. when he was born i have no doubt but of stalin have lived long enough those doctors would have been executed in light of reports exposing the group of saboteur doctors even stalin's death came off as a bad joke you know many people would say in whispers stalin was being healed to death she. started his close associates degree to accuse the doc this case before the board

i don't believe that the poles consider themselves dominated by the soviet union. each of those countries is independent, autonomous, it has its own territorial integrity, and the united states does not concede that those countries are under the domination of the soviet union. as a matter of fact, i visited poland, yugoslavia and romania to make certain that the people of those countries understood that the president of the united states and the people of the united states are dedicated to their independence, their autonomy, and their freedom. >> governor carter, your response? >> well, in the first place, i'm not talking about the pope, i was talking about mr. ford. the fact is that secrecy has surrounded the decisions made by the ford administration. in the case of the helsinki agreement, it may have been a good agreement at the beginning, but we have failed to enforce the parts, which insures the right of people to migrate, be free, speak out, the soviet union is still jamming radio free europe. radio free europe is being jammed. we have also seen a very serious

the soviet design and lack of necessary amenities like air conditioning or the matter is being fairly reasonable about the price she would charge for it but the greed of many other private landlords could prove costly for ukraine if you prefer to travel in comfort like renting this morally designed and fully equipped flat be prepared to pay a fortune like that across the nukes this is a neat apartment in central kiev and it's priced in between five and ten thousand dollars a month but to raise prices at least three fold for the euro two thousand and twelve period was that which makes it at least four hundred euros a night and this is not a record breaker some hostels which had previously cost thirty euros are now available at fifteen times the price and what it offers can hardly be described as five star this england fan has already bought plane and match tickets but now he's worried his trip may be jeopardized i don't think we're doing anything different to what any of the house countries did in the past accommodation process do roche travel process do royce. it's just the lack of a

david heilemann and david corn. >> thank you, chris. >>> we talk about the free world, the soviet union, czechoslovakia. they have the old lingo. his advisers are talking this up. do you want to go back to the days of duck and cover? this is "hardball." what makes the sleep number store different? you walk into a conventional mattress store, it's really not about you. they say, "well, if you wanted a firm bed you can lie on one of those." we provide the exact individualization that your body needs. oh, wow! that feels really good. it's about support where you find it most comfortable. to celebrate 25 years of better sleep-for both of you - sleep number introduces the silver edition bed set, at incredible savings of $1,000 for a limited time. only at the sleep number store, where queen mattresses start at just $699. but my smile wasn't. [ female announcer ] new crest 3d white intensive professional effects whitestrips. it goes below he enamel surface to whiten as well as a five-hundred dollar professional treatment. wow, that's you? [ female announcer ] new intensive professional effects

it left the impression that, well, the soviets really weren't bad. they were not bad. they were kind of okay because we could have meetings and we could have meals and clink our champagne glasses and the effect of that was to erode any interest in improving our defense capabilities, to erode our willingness to step up and put a higher percentage of our gdp into defense. when i came to washington out of the navy in 1957, eisenhower administration, we were spending 10% of our gross domestic product on defense, same thing true in the kennedy administration, the johnson administration, and today i think we're spending about 4.5 or 4.6% of our gdp, so anyone would suggest that the debt that we're facing and the crushing deficits are a result of the pentagon or the defense department are simply not looking at the facts. it is all in entitlements because we actually as a share of gdp we are half of where we were in the 50s, 60s, and in that period. in any event, the work was put in and during the end of the ford administration and thanks to the later the reagan administration,

in one of the darkest episodes in the history of the soviet union thousands of people were sent to labor camps many found themselves in gulags for simply having views different from the communist system now one of the camps has been turned into a museum to serve as a reminder to future generations not to repeat but mistakes of the past. to. hidden away in the ural mountains hundreds of kilometers from the nearest city is perm thirty six where the soviet government sent its dissidents now though it's a museum dedicated to making sure that part of twentieth century history is never forgotten. people wanted to understand the causes of those reprisals and name all the victims and part of the knowledge of what happened here on to future generations. said good was an inmate at the perm camp in one thousand nine hundred eighty four he was sentenced to seven years for agitation and propaganda now in his eighty's he still remembers life on the inside. the actual deprivation of freedom was very significant indeed but there are things that made up for it you had the freedom which didn't exist beyon

it is the 20th anniversary of the soviet union, the end of the soviet union. many people in russia blame him for the economic conditions in which they live. they blame him for the end of the country that many felt was the cradle to grave welfare state instead of a totalitarian system. i have great respect for him. you can also see people's weaknesses. you talked about all salvador. what about the priests and nuns? to me, that is the people power in that situation. flm was a revolutionary force seeking power. the people power were trying to alleviate poverty, trying to find balance. >> liberation theology had a stronger effect on the underlying society. i have to read this. you are listening to the commonwealth of california radio program. our guest is katrina vander huegen editor and publisher of "the nation." i watched you on colbert. he asked you to repudiate the obama three times before the cock crows. [laughter] >> he said at the end that i filibustered him. >> he went after you. >> one of the bright lights in the bush era was when he spoke of the white hou

the soviets decided not to go down that road. they were going down the road of intercontinental ballistic missiles, they were working their way toward building one. you only got 15 minutes warning of the incoming missiles because of the limitation of the radar. if they had acquired a fleet of icbms, they would have destroyed the credibility of the airplane as a deterrent and you'd have got a period of real instability in which you would have gotten adventurism by soviet leaders and you would have gotten a nuclear war which would have destroyed the northern hemisphere, the nuclear winter and the radioactive dust coming down every type it rained, killing everyone. and so you had to bring stability to this period, and which schreiver saw, he and later those who worked for him, saw what was happening, that we had to build our own fleet of missiles in order to create a nuclear stalemate which is what he did, he and those who worked with him did. they created a situation where neither country could pull off what was called a first strik

us however current thirty six is not the only place that the repressions of the soviet era remembered today monuments like this one in moscow which contains a rock taken from one of the very first camps serve as a reminder of all of those who were held as political prisoners in the u.s.s.r. those who campaigned for human rights in our world now see that by keeping the past in focus histories mistakes were the repeated. whenever we remember of the past we keep bringing up the main theme of rights and freedom our past can be described as one big violation of human rights it was a symbol of lawlessness and the lack of freedom if we forget our past we will be unable to build a decent future. peter all of our party. americans believe there is an alternative to the dollar in the ever failing global economy resident in new york in the streets to find out. the value of the u.s. dollar is on the decline what does that mean this week let's talk about that do you think a dollar's decline means the u.s. is losing its status as the world power yeah i think that it's reasonable to assume you know m

as a result, the soviets stewed and grieved and grumbled. then reagan went over in 1985 where there was the berlin wall. he made a great speech. and he had made friends with gorbachev. he still was determined -- he wanted to get that down. he said this in his speech, the state department was horrified that he said such a thing. mr. gorbachev, if you want peace, bring down this wall. the germans were thinking that mr. gorbachev lives on the other side of the wall, and reagan is going to be gone tomorrow. everybody was stunned. suddenly, the german people picked it up on both sides of the wall. gorbachev knew that he was having problems. first of all, he had a terrible economic start -- the people took power and you saw the whole eastern bloc of the soviet union began to crumble. reagan was out of office at this point by a dear, -- by a year. if you could think of one single point that brought down soviet communism in the east, he actually -- satellite countries such as czechoslovakia, poland, hungary -- he went to visit moscow and gorbachev. g

here from what i understand and what people say is that previously under the previous system of the soviet era a lot of culture was promoted through the state so a lot of cultural homes houses theater a ballet was supported by the state and that allowed a lot of people to who may not otherwise have had the opportunity to develop their creative expressions i think there's a concern that they maybe it's wonderful that you have private sector but with the exception of culture. during the soviet times the so-called bush or our culture like like castle for example that was not considered or were or folini wasn't considered to be cultural cultural was not well well well well. i don't know why the culture of the indigenous people are like like handicrafts it was felt that i was good but it probably was a bridge we're. talking about indigenous and you were around you visited me quite a lot of time. this is in russia i want to ask you about the situation for example why you might have heard of eight people in all thai today they are protesting against the construction of a gas pipeline through a un

uncovers the secrets of the soviet space program and our special report. but so who will go first you first know you only five out of twenty are still alive. five participants of one of the most secret and envisions missions of the soviet union leaders to talk about it and in moscow they dared to do all kinds of experiments testing the limits of human insurance. every one of them wanted to be the first. they were all ready to risk their life. they were the first cosmonauts one of these men were chosen to prepare for the first ever human space flight every year in the five remaining members of the group gathered together on the first day of the first cosmonaut in his native city but now bears his name. alexei common chook was an engineer and a helicopter pilot just eighteen months ago now he is a candidate to become a cosmonaut. frankly speaking i never thought i was suitable for becoming a cosmonaut but after a little training i saw they were human beings just like anybody else. you should stop sending it because. these simulators are constructed especially

really to fight the soviet union. that was the rallying cry to fight the soviet union much the soviet union has come to an end. what will keep this coalition together? >> and the world is a better place. >> and the world is a better place for it. is it radical islam that will keep the movement together? will the movement dissipate? where do you see it heading? >> well, it has been a, as you suggest, a coalition. coalitions tend not to be permanent. they tend to evolve in some way as circumstances evolve. i think clearly the continuing threat from islamist and rad cam radical islamists, is something that causes large fraction of our population to recognize that we need to behave in a certain way that protect it is american people. i think the excesses we have seen in terms of the debt and the deficits and the reality that we have a model in europe that has demonstrated it doesn't work and that we would make a terrible mistake to model america on western europe. i think these kinds of issues, as well as social issues tha

and czechoslovakia fell under the influence of the soviet union. this is where the foundations of the soviet dominance began in our country. it followed in the elections in 1946, which the communist party won with huge margins. and ended up in a communist coup d'etat in 1948. since 1948, we were a completely communist country under the influence of the soviet union. >> but there was something in the spirit of the people, and even in the leadership, that kind of kept wanting human rights and freedom. >> we talk about 1968, which is mostly known as the prague spring. there was a process, it was sort of -- the revitalization of the democratic spirit within the communist party, within the membership. they wanted to keep the socialist regime, but sort of combined it with human rights, and more open economy, more democracy. it burst in the spring of 1968, when people felt free. they opened the borders. the press began writing things critically. everybody was happy. and then suddenly, the gangs arrive to prague and that was the end of it. >> but the spirit

at that time come the soviet union had a new economic policy. the new economic policy is of the communist party in chargecome up the ramp up markets open to foreign trade, foreign investments in the communist party was able to provide leadership for the. "deng ziaoping and the transformation of china" had the same when he was in charge of the southwest bureau, six provinces of southwest china, which had about a million people because that was before what they had the socialist transformation the communes. so deng had lots of experience in leading communist parties and yet having an open record economy. so after 1978 when he began to develop that pattern of the communist party leading it wasn't new to him. he heard he that experience. another important experience that help shape deng ziaoping. masa teen headlights now way back when he was criticized and purged for leading to mouth action. he was in the tung chee province and down there he was accused of following too closely and he was purged for that. so that didn't tiered deng to mal. he could s

when a car was unprecedented innovation luxury and pride here you can see many famous cars from the soviet era the entire life of muscovites from the rarest k i n ten a must which four hundred four hundred twenty one to the latest models of the plot one thing is to sure as you can see here old classics really half character. next up here we've got the good old cheika translates to the siegel in english and it was a very popular car in the one nine hundred sixty s. in the soviet union this vehicle hill was owned by kalashnikov himself and it takes about a year to repair each vehicle and costs around four and a half million rubles that's approximately one hundred fifty thousand dollars. moving to an expectation it's time to get. most of the cars here are rebuilt from scratch they given each a full restoration and the calico upgrade problems are evaluated scruffy bodywork pull running with brakes tired suspension and dead called. after a general assessment the mechanics make a plan of what needs to be done and cost cutting isn't on the cards here as the carriage plies themselves in first clas

as russia morphed into the soviet union, the abuses of communism spread across eastern europe. british and american diplomats were followed, harassed and even expelled. no foreign journalists were allowed in. you can see where the modern dictators in syria, iran and north korea get their inspiration, the censorship of the media and a lockdown or even a stranglehold on social media sites on the internet. in poland several thousand people were sent, horrifyingly, to the very concentration and prison camps that the allies and in some cases the red army had liberated. of course, soviet officials wanted to stop word of these abuses from leaking out and to keep those subjected to that paranoia and depression in. as stalin had promised free elections in poland, but the government he set up was anything but representative, and in time the way moscow rewarded the heroic patriots of the polish underground who had fought the entire length of the war against the nazi occupation was by sending them to prison or, indeed, to their death. russia was a country that sent many of its own soldiers

participated in many international competitions in one hundred sixty nine the soviet mosque which conferred in the london to sydney rally in the brand also received many prizes at several european racism is not on the order of the museum also has a great collection of old calls from between the one nine hundred twenty s. and one nine hundred fifty s. and if these vehicles are extremely rare and prices for such historical automobiles today roll into six figures you have to spend some serious cash if you want a vintage car. like moving to a tonne machine this museum allows you to mash yourself in the atmosphere of the past and those times when a car was an unprecedented innovation luxury and pride here you can see many famous cars from the soviet era the entire life of muscovites from the rarest k i m ten a mosque which four hundred four hundred twenty one to the latest models of the plant one thing is for sure as you can see here old classics really half character. thanks and here we've got the good old cheika translates to the siegel in english and it was a very popular car in the one nine

five participants of one of the most secret and ambitious missions of the soviet union leaders of an idea and in moscow they dared to do all kinds of experiments testing the limits of human endurance. every one of them wanted to be the first. they were all ready to risk their life. they were the first cosmonauts one of these men were chosen to prepare for the first ever human space flight every year the five remaining members of the group gathered together on the birthday of the first cosmonaut in his native city that now bears his name. alexei horman chook was an engineer and a helicopter pilot just eighteen months ago now he was a candidate to become a cosmonaut. frankly speaking i never thought i was suitable for becoming a cosmonaut but after a little training i saw they were human beings just like anybody else. if you stop spending it because. these simulators are constructed especially for the cosmonauts they have no electronics or digital technology involved cosmonauts set the speed with their own movement this is about the only way to keep muscles toned in a weight loss enviro

the soviet empire is over. the point is i think we ought to begin to engage with the step, the way we did before. >> very with been doing that! >> no, it's been tomorrower and we ought to engage in -- in other words, the regime separate the regime from the people. >> you think it was indicating that when he was talk to the head of russia? he will be flexible? lift the embargo? >> i think he's talking about missiles there. >> >>> issue four, super-pac gush senator last week the separate and supreme court rest versed a century of law that i believe the open the floodgates for special interests. >> a was two years ago in his state of the union address. president obama scolded the supreme court, sitting directly in front of him, tawes because it ruled on how much money u.s. corporations and labor unions can spend on political advertising. the ruling is called citizens united. it says that the amount of money spent on political advertising is unlimited, if the money goes only indirectly to support the candidate. so n

states to criticize russia for example for its stance because of the parts of the former soviet union but we keep forgetting the fact that russia did assume all of the debts of the former soviet republics and it had serviced those that for a very long period of time in the midnight in the ninety's these debt burden became really unbearable because the russian economy was contracting at the same time as the ruble was declined in the value so there was a pressure growing from that legacy that we should inherited from the former soviet union and by the ninety six ninety ninety seven russia started entering into the orderly negotiations to restructure the asian crisis at the same time the currency crisis in the southeast asia has triggered significant pressure on the russian ruble and triggered also at the same time significant fiscal pressures in the russia as well so as a result of that russia was forced to default it's entirely different situation from ireland in the sense that russia inherited somebody else's that ireland has inherited its own bank and but it also is different than th

the base was being used by soviet ships, and there was a real danger of encirclement. and that was the reason why he went to war vietnam. there were plenty of other ways to push fung aside, and he didn't have to do much of the pushing. the dope by others. basically, it was done in november 1978 by a group of seniors while deng was in southeast asia that they, basically, began to push fung aside. secondly, on the question about june 4th, it is true that there are a lot of people in china who feel that those who were criticized for forming demonstrations and so forth should be considered patriots and that their cases should be reversed. they should no longer be considered people who challenge the order, but who helped the order. because there are certain people living who are deeply involved in the june 4th, and i'm thinking particularly pung and also the successor who wasn't there but succeeded after, i think it's -- my best friends who know about inside power things in china suggest that it would probably take many more years. they do expect that there will be a reversa

so we actually did see further aggression until the soviets had their own vietnam in afghanistan. so the problem with these counter factual what-ifs, i would say i would limit myself to that, that we did see the big, bad soviet union did get its own hubris, its own -- became more aggressive, and then ov overextended itself and then the united states did on to the russians as they did on to us in se vietn vietnam, we did on to them in afghanistan. we can debate about the wisdom of that in retrospect. >> what, in your opinion, was the impact on the generation from vietnam, the '60s protest, the generation that followed the baby boomers? what impact did that have on them, the greatest? >> well, what impact on the baby bust? you know, what happened to those generation who followed the boomers? what we know about political patterns, the gi generation is something like 70% democratic. government is good. still a very great confidence in the ability of the federal government to solve any problem. boomers are badly divided, almost perfectly polarized. and the busters, those born after '62,

when we think about what led to the stable relationship between the united states and the soviet union, which wasn't all that stable, we came close to war a couple of times including the cube and missile crisis, almost all those factor are absence when you think about the iran/israel balance. israel would have to fear it couldn't sit back and absorb a nuclear attack and retaliate like the soviet union thought they would do in the cold war. it's too small. israel i think in a crisis would have strong incentives to go first. similarly if you think about it from the iranian point of view, iran initially would have a small arsenal that could be vulnerable to an israeli first strike. they could have a use them or lose them problem. if there's going to be a war, they're going to want to go first. in those situations where both sides have first strike incentives in an escalating crisis countries are doing things countries do like put their nuclear weapons on high alert as a way to try to convince their add ser sayery they're serious. there's a possibility things could spiral out of control an

in tehran, marshall took part in planning joint strategy with the russians. soviet demands for an expanded second front were addressed to the united states. it was george marshall who answered. when the chief of staff visited the pacific theatre on his return from tehran, our offensive was gaining speed. island by island, we were moving in on japan. at good enough island in 1944, marshall listened to a firsthand report on the successful operations in the gilbert islands and the planned invasion of the marshalls. marshall conferred with general douglas macarthur, theater commander, as the allies were gearing up for the big pacific push that would carry them to the doorstep of japan. italy had become a slow and painful struggle. the road to rome was a long one, and for marshall and his wife, one of extreme personal anxiety. as a tank commander under patton, marshall's stepson had been engaged in the heaviest fighting in weeks. when the americans finally broke through the lines of a stubborn enemy, the young officer fought his last fight. for general marshall, the war

one said we haven't done enough to help the soviets. nother said we abandoned czechoslovakia which hasn't existed since 1963. they can't wait to get back into power and can't wait to get back into the cold war. it seems these people always seem to have their eye on yet another war to fight. also, we know republicans have made it their goal to destroy barack obama, but did you know they planned to sabotage him the very day of the inauguration? it's an old hollywood adage, funny as money, so try to buck it at the white house correspondents dinner saturday night. it's a tough crowd, but they came up with gags like this one from president obama. >> some people say i'm arrogant but i found a very great self-help tool for this. my poll numbers. >> we're going to look back at some of the best moments from past dinners as we get ready for tomorrow night, the big night that you can actually watch here on msnbc. right wing angry money that we still treasure as our democracyç editor for new york magazine and bureau chief for mother jones. both men