when it comes to the men who were educated in the tradition of timbuktu, the literal timbuktu, and the men who lived in georgetown for decades, or the colonel, an african prince that spent 40 years in captivity. in mississippi educated at timbuktu. when when it comes to the women, the african women, it gets more difficult to identify them. however, there is an african descent woman, or an african woman, a woman born in africa, brought here in the early 1850s, or let us say born in the early 1850s that would become the most prolific african writer, african descent writer in the united states in the antebellum period. her name, phyllis wheatley. born around early 1850s, in, a region of africa that today we called senegal and gambia. when she was born, this region of africa was dominated by an ethnic group called the fulani. they had kingdoms in senegal, modern day guinea, and a kingdom in masina and in the timbuktu. they rule the king on the throne at timbuktu. was the fulani or fuvay when she was born. the culture is a very interesting culture. at the time she was captured in the 1860s,

they had kingdoms in senegal, guinea, and in the timbuktu, they rule the king on the throne at timbuktu. the culture is a very interesting culture. at the time she was captured in the 1860s, the colonel was born. about the same time she is captured. she is about, some where between 7 and 10 years old when she is captured, early 1860s. the colonel was a graduate of a university at timbuktu. educated african. we know quite a bit about him and his culture. they were monotheist, believed that god created all that exists. they believe god was the master of man. that god had given man, free will and man lived in god's providence. these were monotheist believers. they had a term in their language which means a true believer. a true believer could be a you, christian, or muslim. most of the culture was indeed muslims. but they associated themselves with true believers. in their language. it would mean master, captor. it would mean to the people, yes, evil captor. in the african knowledge circles, they would understand this language. these codes. and when we examine phyllis wheatley's work from

. >> the occupiers come with ideas that are completely foreign to timbuktu. a foreign way of life. a foreign religion. a foreign way of thinking. >> the rebels have taken over a huge area -- larger than germany. for the islamists, it could serve as a base for attacks on neighboring countries. no one in mali believes these heavily armed rebels will leave without a fight. >> we are considering all the possible solutions. we have a transitional president and prime minister. i will let them do their job. i of the transitional government needs the army, then here we are -- if the transitional government needs the army. we have sworn to defend this country, and we will continue doing that until the last soldier has fallen. >> but without international support, mali's army is unlikely to win the war. in a few days, the interim president's term of office expires. the coup leader says he will take responsibility then. that could mean he has chosen a new president or wants the job himself. >> the classical music world is mourning the loss of one of the greatest baritones of the 20th century,

through nyger over into mali, and now they are up with surface-to-air missiles or with al qaeda in timbuktuyou know, what happens to these missiles. i've been told there's talk of bringing them to chad, to cameroon, to nigeria there. they're operational. they can bring down civilian airliners. >> you think libya is going to break up as a country? >> absolutely. >> absolutely. >> east and west. >> the oil is all in the east pretty much so you have your ideal battleground that would potentially be laid out. what i do also think when we look at what's happening in libya, giving everything the country has been through, we do need to cut it a little bit of slack. right now post revolution there's an estimated 125,000 armed people. there's anywhere between 100 to 300 different separate militias. there are absolutely no institutions that exist whatsoever. within all of that, it's actually holding together at this point in time pretty well. >> amazing, isn't it. >> when we talk about the weapons, a few months ago we were in niger, and i remember talking to a local journalist there, very well plugge

through nyger over into mali, and now they are up with surface-to-air missiles or with al qaeda in timbuktuhere's talk of bringing them to chad, to cameroon, to nigeria there. they're operational. they can bring down civilian airliners. >> you think libya is going to break up as a country? >> absolutely. >> absolutely. >> east and west. >> the oil is all in the east pretty much so you have your ideal battleground that would potentially be laid out. what i do also think when we look at what's happening in libya, giving everything the country has been through, we do need to cut it a little bit of slack. right now post revolution there's an estimated 125,000 armed people. there's anywhere between 100 to 300 different separate militias. there are absolutely no institutions that exist whatsoever. within all of that, it's actually holding together at this point in time pretty well. >> amazing, isn't it. >> when we talk about the weapons, a few months ago we were in niger, and i remember talking to a local journalist there, very well plugged-in guy. he said the people had seen coming through the t

it turns out i'm too hard to hit ♪ ♪ so, he put away his bow ♪ ♪ i might just keep on running to timbuktud and his wings are camouflage ♪ ♪ i'm dug down in my fox hole waiting on his next barrage ♪ ♪ must be open season got a target on my back ♪ ♪ i think he's throwing love grenades ♪ ♪ and i'm under awac ♪ dupd's got a shotgun aiming at my heart ♪ ♪ i've been dodging bullets i've been hiding in the dark ♪ ♪ shot a double barrel trigger-happy as could be ♪ ♪ cupid's got a shotgun and he's pointing it at me ♪ >> come on. ♪ well, he's got me in his sights ♪ ♪ i've got a red dot on my chest ♪ ♪ little does he know i strapped on my kevlar vest ♪ ♪ i pulled out my remmington and i loaded up these shells ♪ ♪ he's about to find out i'm a dang good shot myself ♪ ♪ cupid's got a shotgun aiming at my heart ♪ ♪ aye been dodging bullets i've been hiding in the dark ♪ ♪ shot a double barrel trigger-happy as can be ♪ ♪ cupid's got a chat gun and he's pointing it at me ♪ ♪ yeah, cupid's got a shotgun but right now ♪ ♪ he's running from me ♪ ♪ ♪ [ cheers and applause ] >> thank you so much. >>> we are ba