at harvard, an expert on north america, among other things, and one of the officials of the trilateral commission. and also former member of the bush national security council. and finally, of course, peter feaver, welcome back to the hilltop. he is a professor at duke and director of the grant staff -- the grand strategy program and former white house official in the bush administration. if you all would not mind joining me and giving a big round of welcome for our panelists. tim? [applause] tim: thank you. it is a pleasure to be back here and it is a pleasure to be on stage with one of the interviewed teams and some of the policymakers from the surge decision. the three of us spent a lot of time asking questions of others , and so it is my pleasure to ask you some questions today. as we move around the country interviewing all of the 28 people that are interviewed for the book, we often began with the question, how did the surge story begin for you? and we ask the interviewees to sort of set the stage with when they started thinking about what we would come to know as the surge. i want to ask y