very sincerely yours, areas truman -- harry estimate. -- harry s truman. say to his staff later at the end of april that he would do something they would not like. he was going to invite herbert hoover to the white house. between handwritten letters and communication between their aides, letters and phone calls and that, the two presidents would arrange the very first meeting. quotepresentation, i will a lot from these two if you're to look at the relationship, the words matter. and the words that they used with each other were off and carefully chosen and very well mannered, and that would give them a very strong basis for their friendship. 1945, morning of may 28, this would end herbert hoover's isolation of the white house. it would less 55 minutes, but would last until hoover's death in 1964. hoover was asked to write, and he live -- and he loved to write memoranda, but this was just a couple of sentences. this morning. he asked me what i thought about the food situation. i replied that it was degenerating all over the world, partly due to the war and

truman to go between them. neither one felt threatened by that or felt that he was doing something else. truman had some interesting diplomatic skills with that. then the second part of your question is --? oh, the dip. so truman makes the salmon survey and comes back with extraordinary information. they are streit -- they are setting to free up things and working with the u.n., which is a new organization. from his salmon survey, this will be the beginning of unicef. so that is directly hoover's idea. one of his men, murray's pate -- maurice pate, that would be an extraordinary contribution and pretty straightforward. the other, and this is when truman asked him to go to austria and ascend -- and assess things there. do we keep feeding in a charity mode starving people, creating a dependence and anger, possible threats to communism? so hoover did not want that. they had to contain this rather cantankerous republican congress. they would listen to hoover. he's going to these very content senate meetings and oth

hoover and truman remained friends even after truman left office in 1953. an argument could be made their friendship deepened when they became equals as the nations to only living former presidents. they formed an informal former president club and saw each other time to time in new york and florida. the conversation was casual, the admiration was genuine. they attended the dedication of one another's presidential libraries and exchanged books. as we heard from lisa, that wonderful letter from hoover truman, yours has been a friendship which has reached deeper into my life than you know. truman was so impressed, he had it framed and displayed on the credenza defined his desk at the truman library and the folks at the truman library will tell you he would regularly .2 or show that letter to visitors. hoover's relationship with eisenhower was significant from truman. ike was no stranger to hoover. hoover's first medication with eisenhower again in the days after world war ii. it is likely the two men were first introduced by general douglas macarthur went he

they entailed definite, as on the part of truman, including the truman doctrine, which supported greece and turkey. the marshall plan, which economically supported not only eastern and central europe, but france and great britain, who were economically flat on their back and politically were under some stress and strain. it's possible that the communist parties of those two countries, particularly france, might have been able to even win an election. for those reasons, truman saying to himself, we must take a strong stand, began what was called a policy of containment. of making sure that the soviets could go no further than hey had, which was eastern and central europe. >> host: what was the soviet reaction? >> guest: they were not happy. they were a little bit shocked that we would take that kind of a position of strength and that kind of a commitment, if you will to the freedom and liberty of eastern and central europe. and so they thought to themselves, what can we do? they put the pressure on both greece and turkey. the reaction to that what's truman doctrine. they began agitating,

and as a result, truman removed macarthur. what you have are pretty flagrant violations of what we call civil-military relations. there's omar bradley, missourian, like eric. let's talk about civil-military relations. first of all, all of you have read the u.s. constitution. evi, what does it say about the president's power? [ inaudible ] >> -- command them. like, let's see. and he's in charge of the militia and the navy, and he can call them only when they're in actual service -- [ inaudible ] >> commander in chief, right? what does commander in chief mean? he's in charge. what responsibilities does the congress have? abe? >> they're allowed to pull the navy and raise the army for two years and also raise the -- [ inaudible ] >> yep, and establish regulations. >> congress declares war. >> congress declares war. correct. so, clearly, truman has the right to issue orders and establish policies, and macarthur, what's his responsibility in this? maya? >> he has to listen to them. >> he has to listen to them. he has to obey them,

he violated what the truman administration called for. december of 1950, truman reminded, had issued an order, quote, to make no announcements on policy without government concurrence, end quote. truman reminded macarthur of that statement that came out of the department of defense and of course in classic macarthur fashion he completely ignored it. then joseph martin, the house minority leader wrote to macarthur and sent him a speech that he had given in which he was -- in which he argued if the united states was not going to be in if for full victory then the truman administration should be indicted for the murder of thousands of american men. and asked macarthur to comment on that. macarthur wrote back, and this was read in the halls of congress, quote, my views and recommendations with respect to the situation created by red china's entry into the war against us in korea have been submitted to washington in most complete detail. generally these views are well-known and generally understood as they follow the conventional pattern of me

truman likes to use hell a lot in his writings. in his memoirs historians faulted him for the exact details of the first meeting. certainly truman recorded the spirit of the occasion, the respect, the urgency, the drama, and even the humor, as he noted that hoover remembered the oval office. entire program on our weekly series, "the presidency" at 8 p.m. eastern on sunday. up next on american history tv, a conversation with abraham lincoln scholar harold hose -- harold holzer, author of more than 50 books. he discusses his research and shares his views on current lincoln and the civil war. peter carmichael conducts the interview, which is just over an hour. mr. carmichael: i am very pleased to welcome a good friend, harold holzer to cwi. [applause] harold is the director of hunter college is

in truman, you can sit in a small theater and be presented with decisions that president truman had beenffered, and the audience gets to vote on what decision they would have made. that has been replicated at the ford library, at the clinton library and generally speaking, they have information after you choose to say, well, thank you for making your choice but the president made this choice and this is why. at the decision points theater, at the george bush museum, the president comes out afterwards and tells you kind of why you were wrong. and especially if you choose the path that the president didn't choose and you can choose between the surge, whether you send federal troops into new orleans during hurricane katrina, whether you intervene in the financial crisis, and you get -- it's very slickly done. there is a lot of video, you can call up two competing advisers who argue about what's best to do, there is breaking news that might influence your decision and actually during the process, which takes about four minutes, you're asked to continually press a button to tell the system wh

and the letter was angry and the letter said that margaret truman was a man so that president trumanhould experience what he experienced in the loss of his son. the reason why that is an exhibit at the library is that when president truman died, they went through his office at the library and that letter and purple heart were still in the office 20 years later. and i see it as an understanding that the president had of the response ability of his office and when president truman kind of the library, he didn't want to memorialize himself, he wanted people to know with the presidency was like. to me come up more than any other exhibit at that library, that letter and that metal demonstrate that. brian: when you talk to the staff there, what did you notice with them? anthony: the staff, one of the staff members was there when president truman was still alive. she did confirm that the folklore he did occasionally greet visitors and it did mingle. but she also said that his focus was really on the archives rather than the exhibits. and the folks who were there worked on the records a long

[laughter] >> harry truman is a great american story. if there ever was and he is ted harry truman. he wanted to go in on its own. and he never gave up. george washington in 1776 had every reason in the world to say that. he would not give up. the wright brothers never gave up. they had many reasons -- they wouldn't give up. >> host: the talk about never giving up, you gave a speech at ohio university. and what was different from the northwest territories, at the commencement, some think about ohio university. and the oldest building on campus is color all. i thought who is cutler? it was the oldest -- i was told it was the oldest university college building west of the allegheny mountains. he was a classic 18th-century polymath. he was a doctor. a medical doctor, lawyer. and you revolutionary war vendors, one way to compensate would be new northwest territories, proceeded to the country by the british, and the treaty in paris. and belong to the government, this man cutler was picked by these offices from the war. and sold on the idea of creating a northwest territory, they had not

friendship between hoover and truman. >> it is easy to overlook the fact that they both had groups and farming communities, they had known economic hardship and self-reliance, there are transformed by the confederation of world war i, and they lived in the shadow franklin d. roosevelt. >> monday, the 1967 detroit riots. >> we prefer to think about it like rebellion because all of the energy and anger and activism that went into that moment had long been predicted. people had been baking for some remedy -- begging for some remedy for the economic discrimination, housing inequality, so that frustration cannot be understood as just chaotic and incoherent. it was a rebellion. >> three-day labor day weekend on american history tv on c-span 3. rear on the campus of gonzaga university, we will visit the archives and special collections to look at documents from the tokyo war crimes tribunal's in 1946. stephanie: today, we are at a gone to university, looking at the tribunal for the far east or the tokyo war crimes, and these papers relate to the trial that went on against the 20 military peop

[laughter] but harry truman, harry truman is a great american story. this wonderful gathering here is about the american story. if there ever was a story that is so american, i don't know --e he's harry true man from a place called independence, and he never went to college. he had to go it on his own, and he had all kinds of bad luck and defeat, but he never gave up. my favorite people are the people who don't give up. george washington in 1776 had every reason in the world to say, well, that's enough, we can't win this war, the hell with it. but he would not give up. and he knew how to convince others we're not going to give up. the wright brothers never gave up. washington robely and the building of the brooklyn bridge, they had many reasons to say, hell, this is more than can be achieved, but they won't give up. >> talk about never giving up, you gave a speech at ohio university -- >> yes. >> -- about people who helped build the northwest territories, and you're now working on a book called "the pioneers," as i mentioned earlier, be out in 2019. wh

truman likes to use hell a lot in his writings.years later, some historians have faulted him for the exact details of this first meeting, but certainly truman recorded the spirit of the occasion. the call, the respect, the urgency, the drama, and even the humor as he noticeded that hoover remembered the way to the oval office. >> watch the entire program on our weekly series, the presidency, at 8:00 p.m. and midnight eastern on sunday. american history tv, only on c-span 3. >> this year marks the 100th anniversary of buffalo bill's death and the buffalo bill center of the west in cody, wyoming. they hosted a symposium. paul feinbaum delivered the keynote address. he described how william cody became a symbol of the frontier and influenced american perception of western culture. this is just over an hour. paul: welcome, everyone, to the final event of what has been a terrific three days. you know when you start to plan these things, and you think we will have this person and that person and do all this stuff there. was this moment w

ike's creed was to simply expressed in his motto, we all know harry truman, the buck stops here, but do we remember ike? it is not well known. gentlemen manner, strong in deed. this is reminiscent of theater roosevelt. speak softly and carry a big stick. the idea is your actions are more important in your words. ike did not have to say he was honest or humble or he believed in the quality. his actions spoke volumes. while his actions on civil rights were strong and enforced by the big stick of the federal government and the 101st airborne division,'s rhetoric was quite yet firm. he did not believe it was his place to either praise or condemn the decision of the civil -- supreme court. rather he believed in the constitutional separation of powers, and the executive branch through its action must uphold the law. in summary ike learned that right is right and wrong was wrong, in a higher power created all men equal. he carried these believes to the athletic field, to the army into the oval office for the advanced the cause of civil rights to the furthest in more than a generation. all t

not harry truman, god forbid. >> korea becoming a scene of a new communist crime against humanity. >>n directly to john macarthur. >> then a 27-year-old warrant officer was a long way from kansas when he became macarthur's chief administrative officer. >> the next thing i nurks general churchill was on his way to korea, and that's when we started to move forces into korea. >> general church was on the way to korea and that's when we started to move forces into korea. >> how many troops were in japan that were available to go immediately to korea? >> well, we had four divisions. we had the 24th, the 25th, 1st cavalry division and the air born division all under strength and fully trained. >> without support of washington, macarthur conceived a daring plan to land marines. >> truman in august dispatched the jcs to tell macarthur that he could not execute the invasion. and i sat outside the door with it cracked just a slight bit. the first response from lawton collins saying it was a cockamamy plan. >> in front of macarthur. >> to macarthur. he said, gentlemen, i will be landing on the 1

truman gets a budget.er food on air force one, the presidential yacht when we had it for the kitchen, they get built against that account. it's not a free-for-all in terms of food. there is a budget that gets allocated by congress. so that goes into the food story. the creation of the white house mess is a reflection of this. after the white house is renovated in the 50s there was morning for staff because of the installation of air conditioning. truman wasn't going to get more money to have more staff. so he takes the staff off the presidential you make send the staff of the white house mess which is private kitchen and dining stat space. that's why the navy operations existed for running the white house mess. a lot of food at camp david is run by navy chefs not the white house kitchen. >> thank you very much for speaking today. was there anyone one elaborate meal that stood out in your investigating and then was there ever a case in which anyone had a allergic reaction to something that was even among th

helped harry who truman to integrate the army. i'm here to testify that. and all the other tuskegee hat off to i take my mcgee, who was one of the tuskegee airmen. i want to complement church hill .or standing up they were trying to surrender, churchill would not have that. i want to complement another who leapfrogged in these japanese territories. i want to thank him for the battle of midway, where they sank three aircraft carriers of the japanese. that is what turned the tide in the war. i want to thank those guys on iwo jima, the slaughter. a lot of those people killed. they had to take that and the land in a place prior to the invasion of japan. these are strategic things. i want to thank macarthur. macarthur was number one in his class. he was the chief of staff prior to the war. he never got the bonus. but he was a great general. i want to thank another general who was in the italian camp. i want to thank george s. patton. without patton, they may not have stemmed that tide, but i was in france at the time patton went 90 miles in one day in france. i

truman likes to use hell a lot in his writing. historians have faulted him for the exact details of this meeting. certainly he recorded the spirit of the occasion. the call, the respect, the urgency, the drama, and even the humor. he noted that hoover rumor the way to the oval office. that hoover remembered the way to the oval office. announcer: watch this and other american history programs on our website, where all our video is archived at c-span.org/history. >> questions frame their journey through the gayry. -- gallery. how do people become revolutionary. when they come back to statute of king george iii they should be able to answer those questions. the second question how did the revolution survive its darkest hour. while all this language about liberty and rights and creating constitutions and remember the ladies, it's going on, the largest overseas exhibition in european history is headed towards new york. mural is an eyewitness which we've blown up as a mural. showing five british worships in about 6000 british and troops

you also talked about harry truman why was harry truman so unpopular when he left the presidency but now he is everybody's favorite president. what changed in the year other than it began before i wrote to the book believe me. i grew up in a very old-fashioned republican family in the night of the 48 election i was a high school student i was very interested in politics and i tried to stay awake to hear who one but as some of you may know or remember the final tally did not come in until about two in the morning and i just couldn't stay up that late. i fell asleep. and my father was in shaving the next morning and i went in and i said dad, who one. he said truman like the end of the world. twenty or 30 years later i was back home we were having at chat after dinner. he posited he said but harry truman is a great american story. this wonderful gathering here is about the american story. if there ever was a story that so american i don't know. it's harry truman had to going on his own. and he have all kinds of bad luck and defeat. but he never gave up. my favorite people are the people

truman likes to use hell a lot in his writings. him forns have faulted the exact details of this first meeting, but certainly truman reported the spirit of the occasion. the respect. the urgency, the trauma, and even the humor. he noted that hoover remembered the way to the oval office area -- remembered the way to the oval office. onwatch the entire program our weekly program the presidency at 8:00 and midnight eastern. american history tv, only on c-span3. >> monday, on the communicators. the technology fair on capitol hill. looking at the latest intro technology. new security features for mobile phones. >> innovation is happening in the u.s., life-changing innovation, health and safety, so many things. the decisions they make several life consequences. >> watch "the communicators" monday night at 8:00 eastern on c-span2. ku kluxit traces the history ok from its resurgence in 1950 we following the -- 1915 following the release of "birth of a nation" until the world war ii years. it includes two clicks plan ceremonies and intervie

john adams, harry truman. johnson flood. the wright brothers. that is couple of the books hes. has written. "american in paris." the greater journey is the name of that book. you know what you want to ask him. we're here to to facilitate that conversation.at jenette in sarasota, florida, you're on booktv with historian david mccullough. >> caller: good morning, mr. mccullough. >> thank you. >> caller: you were in sarasota and i wanted you to autograph your john adams book, but i couldn't get a ticket. here is my question. when you were writing about abigail adams, but we know john adams 'wife was the most liberal lady in america but when she was in england and went to see othello, she was, she said some things that she felt brought some prejudice out in her that she didn't know was there. she talked about how black othello was, the blackest man she had ever seen. and she was really repulsed by the fact that othello was touching, you know the skin of the fair desamon, called othello that associatety heretic. >> host: what would you like mr. mccullough to respond to? >> caller: i

transportation curator matt anderson shows of cars used by presidents truman, eisenhower, carter, and reagan, and the lincoln continental that john f. kennedy was riding in when he was assassinated. matt: my name is matt anderson. i am curator of transportation here at the henry ford. we are inside the henry ford museum of american innovation. just outside our driving america exhibit, where we look at the history of the automobile in the united states. we are actually standing in front of a series of presidential limousines, which tell the story of the development of presidential transportation over the last 117 years or so. right behind me is the 1902 carriage used by theodore roosevelt. the automobile really becomes a force in the united states starting in the 1890's. but by the time of roosevelt's administration, it is a common occurrence to see cars moving on public streets. roosevelt, interestingly enough, for all the reputation he has as a real forward-looking progressive, really never cared much for automobiles. he wanted to remain in horse-drawn vehicles. i think partly he tho

[laughter] but harry truman is a great american story. this wonderful gathering here is about the american story. if there ever was a story that is so american, he is harry, true man or my place called independence and he never went to college. he had to go it on his own and he had all kinds of bad luck and defeat but he never gave up. my favorite people are the people that don't give up the george washington in 1776 had every reason in the world to say that's enough we can't win this to hell with it but he would not give up and he knew how to convince others we are not going to give up to the wright brothers never gave up. the building of the brooklyn bridge they had many reasons to say this is more than we can achieve but they wouldn't give up. >> talking about never giving up you gave a speech at ohio university about people who helped build the northwesty territories or you are now working on a book called the pioneers as i mentioned earlier. what was so unique about it and why did those people not give up >> i was invited to speak at

they also briefed president truman on the casualties of okinawa. the bloodiest battle in the pacific. based upon those, president truman gave permission to start the atomic bombing, the sixth of august, nagasaki, if you remember. and then the ninth of the august -- i beg your pardon, they bombed hiroshima. and then the ninth of august, they bombed nagasaki. i contacted the -- there's been all kinds of questions about how many japanese were killed during those two bombings. i've contacted the japanese embassy in washington, d.c.. and the number of casualties they report on hiroshima, about 270,000. in nagasaki, it was about 140,000. you're talking about less than a half million people. if we had to invade japan and concur japan, the japanese would have lost 10 million people. and we would have lost a million, so there is arguments today as has been mentioned -- the atomic bombing saved not only american lives, but probably saved at least 9 million japanese lives. >> the specific word casualties, is that killed, wounded and missing or killed -- >> be

daylong conference entitled presidential partnerships, herbert hoover and trolling, coolidge, -- truman, and eisenhower. welcome back to the second half of our conference. starting off this afternoon is a

when i was working on my book about harry truman. i read how he took a walk every day to get his machinery going so i tried to take a walk every day, usually first thing in the morning and have breakfast, i love breakfast, the most important meal of the day, the most delicious and go to work, try to get to the office and work all morning and come in for lunch, see if there are any phone calls or messages, then go back to work and work every day, 7 days a week and the time goes by faster that way and anything i do. i love my work, i don't play golf, i don't play tennis. i am not a big sailor. i just enjoy my work. i love to paint, i am often sketching or painting particularly when the weather is good. and in the evening we have dinner and i usually read for a while after dinner and go to bed. a good day. if i have had a particularly productive day, have written two pages, typewritten, doublespaced pages that i consider all right for the time being at least and when i finish a chapter usually around 25, 35 pages, i put all those pages

when i was working on my book about harry truman i read how he took a walk every day. i try to take a walk every day. usually first thing in the morning. and i had breakfast.d have it's not only the most important meal of the day but often the most delicious. i try to get out to the office about 830 and i work all morning that i come in for lunch and see if there's any phone calls or messages i havee some lunch and then i go back to work.ls and i work every day very often seven days a week the time goes by faster that way than anything that i do. i love my work. i don't play golf i'm not awo big sailor i just enjoy my work. i do love to paint.m not i'm often out sketching or painting particularly when the weather is good. in the evening we have dinner and i usually read for a while after dinner and go to bed. if i've have a particularly productive day. i had type written two pages that i consider all right for the time being at least. and then when i finish a chapter usually around 25 to 35 pages i put all those pages together and if it's good weather i find a nice com

as i mingesed truman fired a special -- as i mentioned, truman fired a special prosecutor. but the lies and the extent to which nixon and his aides covered up these crimes were unprecedented. senator klobuchar: in his dissent in morrison, justice scalia talked about how there would be political checks, right, on a president in such a case, and you point out the shortcomings of this view in your written testimony. for instance, that nixon did not face another election. can you talk about how the independent counsel law was intended to rein in those types of abuses? mr. duffy: so the problem about this is impeachment can occur but that's difficult. a president can face another election but nixon did not. the whole point of political espionage is to undermine political checks. you're spying on your opponents so you can get an advantage over them. if you succeed, the voters can't hold you to account. they don't know about it. they don't know they've been deceived. the independent counsel tried to correct this problem by creating a special prosecutor, later called an independent

truman likes to use hell a lot in his writing. historians have faulted him for the exact details of this meeting. certainly he recorded the spirit of the occasion. the call, the respect, the urgency, the drama, and even the humor. he noted that hoover rumor the way to the oval office. that hoover remembered the way to the oval office. announcer: watch this and other american history programs on our website, where all our video is archived at c-span.org/history. >> questions frame their journey through the gayry. -- gallery. how do people become revolutionary. back to statute of king george iii they should be able to answer those questions. thesecond question how did revolution survive its darkest hour. aboutall this language

every president since harry truman has attempted to deal with this problem.barack obama took a substantial way towards addressing it with the affordable care act. now we have to build upon it. whether a public option should be something that is considered, particularly in counties across the country where we have seen some of the private insurance providers step out of the individual market -- maybe that is part of the equation. ultimately, many think the best possible approach is universal health care coverage through a medicare for all-type of legislative dynamic. every single developed country in the world has some form of universal health care coverage but the united states of america. what is the problem? this should not be something that is difficult to accomplish if we have the will to do it for our citizens. when senator sanders and john connors introduced legislation designed to bring that about it lays the foundation for a robust debate that will hopefully get us to a legislative solution sooner rather than later. susan: 10 minutes left. heather: le

i recall what harry truman said in his inaugural address, the american people stand firm in the faithhat inspired this nation from the beginning. we believe that all people are created in the image of god and from that faith will not be moved. we have been moved but we can be most back. god can still move us back. [applause] -- but can be moved back. know, the constitution has been my life, i was sworn in many, many years ago on the banks of the hudson river as a cadet in the military academy. i fought in a war to defend the constitution. i fought in the courts against liberal judges who have usurped their authorities. i will fight for you, the united states senate. i will fight for the people of this state and of this nation who want to bring our country back to its greatness and we can and we will and thank you very much for your support. [applause] a -- this is a time for victory. it is time to remember the struggles with going through in time to read dedicate our lives to the constitution and to our country, to our families and less go again to make -- and let us go to make americ

katty: you have been writing about the need for america to have a new truman doctrine. what is the downside risk of mr. trump's more isolationist approach? is it that other countries like russia watch what is happening and step in to fill the void? sen. kaine: i think that is part of the risk, but let's put it in the most challenging context right now, north korea. president trump is not even sent to the senate nominee to be ambassador to south korea, the nation most threatened by this. there is a key diplomatic position that is lacking. president trump has tweeted that he wants to undo a trade deal with south korea, and that he also is mad at south korea for appeasing north korea. at this time of great risk, he is leaving diplomatic positions unfilled, and he is making our chief ally in the region, who is very nervous, even more nervous. more to the point, today he goes after the iran deal. the iaea just last week certified that iran is complying with the deal. if the president pulls out of a nuclear deal when the global community says, well, actually, iran is complyin

you recall what harry truman , thein his address american people stand firm in the faith that inspiredhis nation from the beginning. we believe that all people are created an image of god and from that faith we will not be moved. we have been moved, but we will move back. god can still bring us back. [applause] judge moore: you know, the constitution has been my life will stop i was sworn many, many years ago to the constitution on the banks of the river as a cadet at the military academy. i fought in a war to defend that constitution. i fought in the courts against theral judges that usurped authority of the cause. and i will fight for you in the united states senate. i will fight for the people of the state end of this nation who want to bring our country back to its greatness. and we can't. and we will. and thank you very much for your support. [applause] judge moore: this is a time for victory. it is time to remember the struggles we have gone through. it is also time to rededicate our lives to god and to the constitution and to our country. to our families. let's go again and make

but we are all created in the image of god and i recall once harry truman said in his address , the americaneople stand firm in the faith which has inspired this nation from the beginning. we believe that all people are created in the image of god and from that faith we will not be moved. we have been moved, but we can move back. god can still bring us back. [applause] judge moore: you know, the constitution has been my life. i was torn in on the banks of the hudson river in the military academy. i fought in the war to defend that constitution. i find in the courts against liberal judges who usurped their authority in the constitution and i will fight you in the united states senate. i will fight for the people of the state and this nation who want to bring our country back to its greatness and we can and we will. thank you very much for your support. [applause] judge moore: this is a time for victory. it is time to remember the struggle with gone through. it is also time to rededicate our lives to god and to the our country,and to to our families, let's go again and make america great. than

prosecute the emperor and his family for war crimes because they felt general macarthur and president truman that it was appropriate they have him still in office and that would help the occupation that they would have his support and the japanese people would be more willing with the occupation by having the emperor still around. another collection we have is related to the tokyo war crimes is a manuscript of a buddhist priest hired by the americans to come serve and work with the men and a prison, the place where these military criminals were housed after the end of world war ii. i want to read from his meetings. he met four times before his execution and here is something that tojo wanted the public to know, the trial is over and having the filled my duties to some extent, i am filled with relief. the sentence so far is as deserved. i am sorry that i was not able to assume the responsibilities by myself and that it brought my colleagues trouble. i sincerely regret it. at least the trial, through the trial, nothing carried up to the emperor and on that point i'm comforted. only for those o

as president truman said in his message to congress at that time, "our support of european recovery is in full accord with our support of the united nations. the success of the united nations depends upon the independent strength of its members." to overcome the perils of the present and to achieve the promise of the future, we must begin with the wisdom of the past. our success depends on a coalition of strong and independent nations that embrace their sovereignty to promote security, prosperity, and peace for themselves and for the world. we do not expect diverse countries to share the same cultures, traditions, or even systems of government. but we do expect all nations to uphold these two core sovereign duties -- to respect the interests of their own people and the rights of every other sovereign nation. this is the beautiful vision of this institution, and this is foundation for cooperation and success. strong, sovereign nations let diverse countries with different values, different cultures, and different dreams not just coexist, but work side by side on the basis of mutual respe

the illustration after administration, truman, eisenhower, kennedy, ford, not completely open to what was going on. there is a change in the american collective consciousness about the government. unfortunately, that is a pendulum that can swing too far to the other side with paranoia and distrust that gets out of control because the united states government has done a pretty good job on the whole of things in the history of the world. in the case of vietnam, you see the way in which the information and free flow of information, and transparency we would expect in a democracy failed. part of the reason this is still an open wound, not just in the intimate and painful wait you described and our heart goes out to you and your family for all you suffered, but also in a general sense of americas losing faith with the essential idea of us together. we have come out of vietnam more independent and lonely, independent free agents than we have been collectively engaged in the work of democracy, compromise, working together to get things done. the film details that and i would love to know you