. >> reporter: tunisia's industrial base is key to the economy.e its neighbors, hydrocarbons here are scarce so manufacturing with tunisia's skilled labor force and cheaper costs are prime assets. that's long broad on international investors, a particularly european. >> european union is the first background to tunisia, maybe 80% of the foreign trade and 80% of the foreign investment coming from europe. >> reporter: with the global financial crisis, many more european companies moved their operations to tunisia due to cheaper costs, but then this year's revolution took investors by surprise. tunisia's ties with europe stem all the way back to the roman empire, and that relationship hasn't changed. european companies have benefitted from tunisia's close proximity and cheaper production costs but now with fresh concerns about security and political instability, tunisia faces the threat of losing millions in foreign investments. the government says foreign direct investment is down 23% this year since the revolution. 41 companies were forced to shut

in the case of tunisia, are you going to talk about tunisia? the business community -- their tourism is way down but the textile industry is actually doing okay and that is a big part of their business in tunisia. the main problem is again, nobody knows what the economic policy of the country is going to be because you have to go through elections. and then elections, they are going to elect the constituent assembly. and they have got to get a new president. they have to get beyond and in turn so you are talking about six or nine months before you have a government that is able to establish an economic policy. both of these countries, their growth rate has gone from five or six or seven down to one. and i think this coming year if they have any growth rate it will be a miracle. the same problem of joblessness of university graduates. the pressures will beyond these governments and the economy is floundering. so i think it is going to be really tough for these two countries in this transition period. >> hello. i am very happy to be here and i wi

all of them said they wanted to return to tunisia. he said that without papers, it was impossible to find work. many of them paid the smugglers to come here. >> they had a dream and the dream is not coming true. >> young men travel with hope. showing off hands eager for work. europe with 20 million people out of work can be a hard place to invest your dreams. >> we will have more on the effects of the arab spring tomorrow. raw materials like oil are being regarded as strategic assets. rare earth elements are important as well. the problem is that the elements can only be found in a few parts in the world. with 97% of them produced in china, america is reviving its goal mines. >> in a dusty mine in the mojave desert, america is thinking for its future. this can be found in very few places. a rare earth elements, essential high-tech building blocks. >> we have done enough to echo rich and to know that it will last at least 30 years. >>this mine closed 10 years ago. it is viable again. >> china is producing 97% of what the world needs. t

tunisia's forecast to grow at just 1.3%.he imf swivel, but it has called on the wider international community for help to turn around its economy. the country's interim prime minister says tunisia needs about $25 billion over the next five years to get back up on its feet. just last month, egyptian authorities agreed in principle to a $3 billion loan from the imf. they've now decided against that, at least in the short term. egypt decided instead to revive its budget and bring down its fiscal deficit from 11% to 8.3% of gdp. that, in turn, would reduce its need for extra international financing. still, that's a tall order. business is almost at a standstill in both countries as the region reels from ongoing instability. reporting for "marketplace middle east," abu dahbi. >>> iraq is trying to rebuild its economy after sanctions and war. now as the rest of the region reels from the effects of the arab spring, i spoke to the minister of state and government spokesman and asked what lessons the arab world could learn from iraq'

all of them told me they wanted to return to tunisia. this man said without papers, it is impossible to find work. many had paid smugglers to come to europe, but they cannot now find the money to leave. >> there is no hope. they have a dream. the dream is not coming true. >> young men in libya are walking to work, showing off hands eager to work. europe can be a hard place to invest in your dreams. gavin hewitt, bbc news. >> thousands of people have held further protests in cairo, despite warnings from the government's military council against it. there were attacked by men in plain clothes -- they were attacked by men in plain clothes. the military has conceded that the parliamentary elections might be delayed. for countries around the globe, raw materials like oil have large been regarded -- long been regarded as strategic. the rare-earth elements can only be found in a few parts of the world. with 97% found in china, america is revising its own mines. >> in a dusty old mine, high up in california's mojave desert, america is digging to

so many homes and random targets hit, that 2/3 of maloot citizens have fled to tunisia. the commander says there are now 2,000 to 3,000 trained fighters in the mountains, enough to take the fight to tripoli, but not enough to win the battle on their own. in the meantime, gadhafi's forces brought reporters to tripoli from garyan. where a demonstration of claimed support, even women training to defend the libyan leader. while in maloot volunteers cook for the troops based in town, including the injured rebel soldiers who say they're keen to get back to the fighting. omar kindel, spared by a few feet when a rocket slammed into his patio saturday night, said his wife and children will remain in tunisia. with gadhafi alive, he said, would you bring your family home? most of the towns in these mountains were taken over by the rebels without much of a fight, but that won't be the case in garyan, that gadhafi stronghold, certainly not the case in tripoli, where everything seems to be under gadhafi's control. >> mike tiabbi in maloot, libya, tonight. mike, thanks and safe travels

what has happened in ton es -- tunisia. you had the return of the islamist leader, and he has been doing some bad things. you know, i hear that some of what has been coming out of the mosques in tunisia has not bee positive at all. but if i same time i lear from friends there that every day you have some new sifk group that arises and is you know carrying forward some a grenda. so i think these societies are bubbleing. they are bubbling in a messy way. we're going to have an election in tunisia in october, a presidential election in ypt soon after. and you know, like tom i think the trajectory is broadly, messly in the right direction in those two places. >> what struck me pick in up on roger's point in tunisia, i went to seehe muslim brotherhood in cairo, on this trip, they have a brand-new office in the hills there, we bring progress to the people. we bring good things to life, kind of their ge thing. >> rose: making that run for office of their own party. >> exactly. here is what i sense and i have had a running conversa

all of them told me they wanted to return to tunisia. this man said, without papers it was impossible to find work. many had paid smugglers to come to europe but cannot find the money to leave. >> most of them want to return home. there is no hope here. the dream is not coming true. >> back on the boats, young men travel with help. >> we would like to wear. >> showing off hands eager for work. europe, with 24 million people at work, can be a hard place to invest your dreams. >> a major battle is looming over political freedom and hong kong. protesters are expected to join a pro-democracy rally on wednesday. it is a protest against the abolition of by-election. the issue began in january of last year when five members of the council collectively resigned to force by elections which they called a referendum on iraq -- democracy. all five were reelected although on a very low turnout after beijing candidates boycotted the polls. they call the vote a waste of money. the opposition said they were trying to stop the system of beijing. last wee

the population of tunisia is 10 million. be a strong force of what happens to egypt, or what does not happen, at least in the short term. they have not been able to focus on the role of the military and what it will be. the military in egypt operates like the military in pakistan. it is a state within a state, and they have their own economy and businesses, and the role of -- the revolution as it exists in egypt, the uprising as it exists, has not focused on what will be the future role that elephant in the room. the floor is open. yes. and director question of somebody. -- and direct your question to somebody. push it up on the side, i think . [unintelligible] the question is about yemen and why we consistently -- we talk about the arab spring, and i would like to hear a more about jordan. [unintelligible] >> david, why don't you say something about jordan and yemen. i would start on yemen, uprising there. it has been going on for about a decade. it has involved people from south yemen that are not too happy about the union

tunisia has sentenced its former president in of censure to a fifteen year prison term for trafficking drugs weapons and archaeological artifacts a fortnight ago banal he was convicted of and has meant and sentenced to thirty five years behind bars he fled to saudi arabia back in january after a month long uprising request for his extradition back to tunisia not been answered . they are the forgotten few the russian children suffering from a rare and incurable genetic disease which can leave them badly scarred and in acute pain until now it's been virtually ignored by the medical establishment but one mother is hoping to change that we find some of the images in diapers clothes report. she likes dancing and no one would guess the amount of pain lisa goes through to make these simple movements liza has a rare genetic condition a bigger melissa's billows or or evie that makes her skin less than as a butterfly wing yes like touch or a hug can cause painful blistering that takes a long time to heal leaving the skin even more fragile. around the world sufferers like lisa are known as butter

tunisia has sentenced its fugitive former president to fifteen years in prison for trafficking drugs weapons and archaeological artifacts a fortnight ago of the actually leader was convicted of the vessel meant and sentenced to thirty five years behind bars but now he fled to saudi arabia back in january after a month long uprising requests for his extradition back to tunisia have now been answered. u.s. lawmakers are to resume talks on the need to raise the country's debt ceiling congress is at odds over the conditions of the deal and little progress has been made republicans suggest spending cuts but the democrats prefer tax hikes the u.s. is facing in august second deadline when i won't be able to me it's borrowing obligations if the limit is not increased. tax kaiser and states who are discuss america's economic woes later and say there's a lot in common with greece here's what's to come in the kaiser report. many times the i.m.f. is after the u.s. next s. and p. one of the rating agencies who work hand in hand with these international banks the managing director john chambers sp

except that the army in egypt in tunisia acted as one unit so these are sided with the people there was no you know if i could go to you i mean the thing is is that the west has chosen the side ok i've been to a good comparisons to other situations don't really work because the united states and it's not needed. a certain group of people rebels that actually human rights watch now so you're committing atrocities against their own people here is this just opportunism on the part of some people in libya and western powers. well i think all expectations because one little matter go ahead i'll grant i think to an extension yes because the rebels i've never really been able to show that they can control that country they've never really truly been able to show that they have the governance skills to be able to control that country and i think the west are going to struggle seriously bringing all the various factions within it there are so long on the one control post gadhafi that it is weather wise to remove gadhafi so i think it's a lack of foresight lack of understanding of the issues

is embarrassing to our government and, certainly, to other governments like the former dictator of tunisia who the wikileaks, this state department cable showed that he was operating a column tock rah si in tunisia, and he was chased out of office in the first arab spring revolution. um, the embarrassing information to many governments, but isn't this kind of information that informed americans ought to be entitled to know? and whether any disclosure actually caused harm has to be relevant to any prosecution. no harm ever subtle r resulted -- resulted from the publication of the pentagon papers. none. despite the government's property stations at the time -- protestations at the time that we'd be in serious national security difficulty if information came out, and the government has not yet identified any specific harm from the wikileaks disclosures. assange has, of course, been busy trying to fight extradition to sweden to face those sexual assault charges, and the wikileaks web site has for the last several months said that it's not open for new business, and it's getting an overhaul. ..

that weapons are being funneled into libya from the west from the east hillary clinton went into tunisia and egypt before this nato war started to secure routes into these countries and qatar openly spoke about it the british open we saw if i if i may just i'm going to press for a moment i mean you're there in the libyan capital but what's the view among the libyan people to all shipments to the rebels over there in tripoli. oh it's very negative of course and i haven't been restricted here in libya i've i've i've traveled i've seen the frontier from tunisia to tripoli. the people that are resisting this are the actual people libyan people there's no real organized military here it's the people the people of libya have taken arms to defend this country against nato if you go to the checkpoints you're going to see the regular people like old people people who are volunteers that it's not strictly a military military force that's being fought against by the rebels or whatever you want to call them the transitional council forces revolutionaries whatever you want to call them they are a min

before myrlie fake republics in egypt, tunisia, and libya. iraq is also in this category.se countries, our goal should be to help promote freedom and democracy in the region. elections have produced anti- democratic regimes undermine both freedom and stability. we must do more than monitor polling places. we must redirect foreign aid away from efforts. we must direct those efforts toward building the allies. governed by free people according to the rule of law. we must insist that the international partners get of the sidelines and do the same. we should have no illusions about the difficulty of the transitions face had by libya, tunisia, and especially egypt. whereas libya is rich in oil and indonesia is small, among the regions of the emerging democracies, it remains the biggest opportunity of the biggest danger for american interests. too many egyptians are now rejecting the beginnings of the economic opening engineer in the last decade. we act out of friendship when we tell egyptians and every new democracy that economic growth and prosperity are the result of free mar

in case some of you skeptics believe that tunisia was just a fluke. again, a number of us, not just writers were honored with the rather impressive title of africa excellence awards. among there was bishop dez month tutu and the president of the world bank, a president of the suits africa and the director general of that bastian of knowledge, the library of alexandria. many people do not know this is also a writer and a shakespearean critic. there's delivered measured lectures in defense of the freedom of expression in the arab world. about a year ago he was menaced by a religious zealot calling for an end of clerical interference and censorship in matters of science and culture. all together, it was congenial human environment in which to submit to the rituals of honor and the delights of ghana, itself no stranger for the trauma of long military dictatorship. alas, there was among us one unbelievable incongruity. the sentence of mohammed gadhafi. i give the story there's quite a lot of us on the list would rather avoid and so we muttered implications

there are vast differences between the circumstances on the grand in tunisia, egypt, libya, saudi arabia, between american interests in those countries and our capacity to influence events there. some places are more stable, the regimes are more reformist, others are not. should we have a one size fits all foreign policy? take the case saudi arabia. will the administration to start clamoring for rejim change in riyadh, and would that encourage large-scale protests and instability within the kingdom, the price of oil would skyrocket. meanwhile, the saudi regime which has legitimacy, power and cash would likely endure, but likely would be enraged at washington. what exactly would a more consistent policy achieve? a humanitarian crisis that could be averted. in addition, the arab league, the united nations, and skee european allies all urged international action. few of these conditions apply in syria, where the regime is more firmly in control and more brutal. while i wish president obama would voice his preference that president al asaid should resign, it is worth noting that the same cri

this secret meeting took place in tunisia one day after u.s. secretary of state hillary clinton formally announced that the u.s. was recognizing that rebel council, the transitional national council in eastern opposition-controlled libya in the city of benghazi as the u.s.'s official partner here in libya. >> u.s. officials are being adamant, they're simply saying this was not a negotiation. this was an ultimatum. and they were basically saying, gadhafi must go. period. >> that's right. and the gadhafi spokesman tried to spin that a different direction, saying this was a chance for us to sit down, explain our position, deny any charges that we had attacked our own civilian population, deny any of the allegations that having made, which has led to four months of nato bombing. so we have both sides trying to spin in different directions in this secret meeting that took place. a face to face meeting between representatives of two governments and definitely not seeing eye to eye. certainly over the last five months. >> as you point out, a day after

it was a young person's death that started the uprising in tunisia.is young people on the front lines in egypt. slowly but surely, the young people in sudan are following suit and rising up against an oppressive government. it was a young girl who stood still when she was ordered to give up her seat to a white woman, violently taken from the bus, pushed into a police car, ridiculed on her way to the station, and shot inside a jail cell until she was bailed out hours later -- shut inside a jail cell until she was bailed out hours later. hers is a powerful story, along with that of a man who was racially profiled and accused of a crime he did not commit. i would like to invite ronald, who garner's several proclamations from various officials, and we would like to present them to ms. claudia -- to ms. claudette colvin. we want to thank him for his efforts in securing these proclamations. if ms. colvin would come up as well. >> it is an honor to be asked to make these presentations. the elected officials represented here are trailblazers themselves. many

there are vast differences between the circumstances on the ground in tunisia, egypt, libya, saudi arabia, between american interests in those countries and our capacity to influence events there. some places are more stable, the regimes are more reformist, others are not. should we have a one-size-fits-all foreign policy? take the case where american interests and values most starkly collide -- saudi arabia. will the administration start clamoring for regime change in riyadh, and would that encourage large-scale protests and instability within the kingdom, the price of oil would skyrocket. meanwhile, the saudi regime which has legitimacy, power and lots of cash that it is spending, would likely endure, only now it would be enraged at washington. so what exactly would a more consistent middle eastern policy achieve? in libya, the administration continue fronted a potential humanitarian crisis that could be averted using airpower. in addition, gadhafi's domestic opposition, the arab league, the yags, and key european allies all urged international action. few of these conditions apply in s

kate on the right wearing a dress found in tunisia, morocco, and the western area part of north africaa traditional dress from algeria, which is from an indigenous ethnic group in north africa that exists throughout the arab world and is a traditional form of a tire. [applause] -- form of attire. more of the moroccan style. a lot of it is the embroidery on the sides. thank you, lina. [applause] another example that is more towards moroccan dress attire. thank you. this is the algerian dress which is an indigenous dress for algeria. thank you. [applause] ♪ these three pieces are from the gulf region of the arab world, which is saudi arabia, yemen, and oman. kate is wearing a heavier velvet dress with embroidery on the top and kind of going down through the arms. sama this is more toward the saudi, yemen region of the gulf. susan is wearing a traditional yemeni dress from a mountain region. this is a traditional form of a tire -- attire. ♪ ♪ >> this is the last part of our show. this is the part of the show that features lebanon, jordan. she is wearing traditional garb from damascus. i d

a dozen cables from tunisia exposed widespread corruption there, and helped fuel a revolution, and arguably had a domino effect. >> i mean, i don't want to give wikileaks credit for, you know, the transformation of the arab world but, you know, to the extent that tunisia influenced egypt, these cables played some role in the overthrow of the mubarak regime. and these things are having an impact that i don't think any of us imagined at the time when somebody was just handing us a huge trove of secret documents. >> if you boil it down, look at what happened as a result of wikileaks. we gained a tremendous understanding of how government works, how wars are conducted. balance the disclosures and the impact and the importance of the disclosures against everybody's fear over what was going to happen-- seems to me it ended up okay, right? >> army intelligence private first class bradley manning has been held for seven months in solitary confinement. >> he is in isolation as we keep our most serious criminals, even though he has not been convicted. >> free bradley manning! free bradley manning! >>

we first saw tunisia, egypt, libya, dictators being toppled, uprisings driven by young people, better educated, restless, and demanding better from their leaders. what did you make of it from saudi arabia? >> well, it's very clear that the arab population is rising because they'd like to have a say in the running of their affairs, running of their government, and this is very legitimate. with the globalization of the world, the world is getting too small, and they see what's happening all over the world from the openness point of view, from democracy, freedom of speech, liberty, freedom of press, and they would like to have the same thing. i think what happened in egypt, tunisia, what's happening right now in yemen, what's happening in syria and libya are all indications of what the world needs, and i believe it's very important for the arab rulers in all the remaining countries, excludeing these four that have erupted already, to take lessons and begin putting some actions in motion like the king of monaco has done recently. where he's heading very much closer to being a constitution