half of turkey loves him and half of turkey loathes him. erdogan wants to shape turkey in his own image. i suggest that he's following what i call in quotes that is editor model. what is the ataturk model. education policy as a secular western european society. and erdogan wants to use the ataturk model, he wants to both emulate and replace ataturk, it would become in erdogan's vision, religious and middle eastern and conservative. but erdogan is a problem, atuturk was a military general and erdogan had a mandate, he had one until sunday, there's widespread consensus that election process was not fair and there's emerging consensus that there was we are -- irregularities. the vote does not alleviate it and exacerbates and it's split in the middle with proand anticamps. turkey as you know, many experts on turkey in this room. i see some of my friends and former students. we have discontinued this many times. it's a very complicated country. political ethic religious and social groups and erdogan is going to impose vision on entire country an

it is surrounded by the assad regime, turkey back rebels and turkey. going forward, i think russia is going to be erdogan's nemesis, as well as the most feared enemy. but does this thing erdogan -- but does this mean erdogan's is coming to the bosom of the western world? he is not. we saw this in the run-up to the referendum. the european union became the punching bag in the run-up to the referendum. this has a lot to do with erdogan's next step. he has become an executive style present. there are elections coming up. he has to win those elections for the parliament in his party. something interesting happened during the last election. voters of the nationalist action party, which is a smaller fraction of the turkish parliament, which polled about 10%, voted for erdogan in the referendum and some voted against him. this party is splitting. the split is happening where voters in central and northeastern anatolia are flipping for erdogan. nhp voters in the coastal provinces and large cities are flipping against erdogan. that is music to erdogan's ears. t

a problem will remain in turkey -- turkey-u.s. relations. >> thank you. >> i'm surrounded by two of the smartest people in town so i do not have much to add. thate i do, realize dedicating my book -- to my mother overly emotional because i wanted to see who would inherit -- two-mile gratitude for help with the book. the the years of have privilege of working with an amazing group of researchers. many people and through help. bring them fruits and yogurt in the morning. when i need a paper i going to ask them. tyler, thank you so much. he helped me write my previous book. one of the things i like more than writing is teaching. that's not true, i like yoga more. [applause] [laughter] over the years of acquired myeral students, until former students -- are in the room, they both review the books. thank you all of you, i appreciated. my thanks go to a whole bunch of other people. i'm grateful to all of you. i want to turn to your question in u.s. turkish relations. i think this is now a subset, turkish foreign policy especially regard

turkey has gone under. interface to him that i'm going to write my next book as well. thank you, everybody for coming. i appreciate it. [applause] >> good afternoon, everyone. first of course, congratulations. i think he is one of the most productive in town who makes us look lazy and my boss loves you. aside that i do enjoy reading your book. but of course, when i picked up the book, the first thing came to my mind was which sultan? so i think at this point after the referendum to come and many of us can live with this reformer, but what about a truly authoritarian ruler. the book is a great job of opening a no into the psyche of erdogan. this is a narrative of 1800 which resonates very well among the constituent and beyond. is showing us interaction between ideology and the reactions to it. so that is why particulaparticula rly enjoyed reading the chapters on kurdish nationalism and islamism, both reactions to the ideology. but i think turkey right now there's been a post-islamist era. and one would expec

turkey." we know that turkey is a country in crisis as the title of soner cagaptay's new book suggests. the question is how long a crisis? what type a crisis? a crisis at home? a crisis abroad? a crisis getting worse or a crisis getting better? there, for all the prices in controversy, there may even be some clarity about the direction of turkish leadership. to talk about these questions, first i am going to be quite delighted to welcome to the podium the author of "the new soner" my colleague cagaptay. we have an outstanding array of turkish expertise on the panel, and as i look around the audience, a remarkable array of turkish expertise within these four walls. oner, ier i turned to s am delighted to welcome the founding director of the middle east institute center for turkish studies and at jumped professor -- and at jumped adjunctr -- and professor at george washington university. then we will turn to a public policy fellow at the woodrow wilson center's middle east program, veteran jour

so, where to next for turkey?r that, here's our turkey correspondent in ankara, mark lowen. you have one side of the country tonight that is jubilant, that feels it has clinched victory, and it has given president erdogan — given him sweeping new powers. the other side of the country that is not accepting this result, claiming massive voting irregularity, saying that 1.5 million votes which should have been declared invalid, because they lack the official stamp of the electoral supreme board, were actually given to the yes side, and that electoral observers were blocked from south—eastern polling stations, in the south—east of the country. they have vowed, the opposition, to challenge this at the high court, at the electoral supreme court. so really, in a sense, in terms of the stability of turkey in the short term, going forward, this is possibly the worst possible result, going forward. and really, when you look at the breakdown of the votes, the more rural, higher side of the country voting in favour of preside

vonnie: he is also saying the european union has made turkey way for 54 years at the door and turkey can hold a referendum for eu talks. thate eu sort of decides it's not part of the eu anymore, what does that do to turkey and international markets? akyan: the turkey and european candidacies and succession talks have been a blessing for turkey's economy. that was the trigger that boosted fdi in turkey and transform turkey's economy, the infrastructure, and the business climate. in turkey turns away from the european union, the know-how and investmentey environment, i think this will have a very detrimental affect on turkey's economy and financial future. vonnie: one of the chances of turkey not being able to exceed to the european standards at this point? akyan: it's a very long shot. turkey failed to do its homework and the eu failed to do its counterpart. turkey should keep on converging with the eu standards because it ultimately will boost the economy and infrastructure. vonnie: schlanger by 1.25% or so in today's -- stronger by 1.2% or so in today's session. let's get a check of

so where to next, for turkey? from ankara, here's our turkey correspondent mark lowen.e side of the country tonight that is jubilant, that feels it has clinched victory, and it has given president erdogan — given him sweeping new powers. the other side of the country that is not accepting this result, claiming massive voting irregularity, saying that 1.5 million votes which should have been declared invalid, because they lack the official stamp of the electoral supreme board, were actually given to the yes side, and that electoral observers were blocked from south—eastern polling stations, in the south—east of the country. they have vowed, the opposition, to challenge this at the high court, at the electoral supreme court. so really, in a sense, in terms of the stability of turkey in the short term, going forward, this is possibly the worst possible result, going forward. and really, when you look at the breakdown of the votes, the more rural, higher side of the country voting in favour of president erdogan, the more cosmopolitan, western—looking cities voting against h

many european tourists who used to come to turkey are not coming to turkey, said the economy is ruineds handled turkey in the last several decades? he was making a point during the course of his victory speech earlier today that turkey has been kept waiting in the queue at the door for more than 30 years, promised they would become pa rt 30 years, promised they would become part of europe, and always have been reasons for delaying and there has been hostility toward a lot of turks which they say they feel from a lot of countries like germany for example. turkey's desire at one point to be more european was pretty much rebuffed by europe.” point to be more european was pretty much rebuffed by europe. i think you are much rebuffed by europe. i think you a re partly much rebuffed by europe. i think you are partly right, but on the other hand, at the same time, i think we should look at ourselves as turks first. we were not very keen on going through the eu process and we did not go through all the implementations of the eu process. yes, there might be problems with the european countries,

on the map, you can see geographically white turkey matter so much, let alone what turkey can representn this part of the world as a free democracy if it is able to maintain that, and that is why there is a big "if" right now. i want to finish with some personal thoughts from you. i know you travel back and forth to turkey in the last several years, what has been your personal observations as someone fascinated by the country and wanted to spend time studying what's taking place they are and how it impacts global in political affairs? >> i think it is just sadness on a number of fronts. the sadness because the erdogan for the first 7-8 years of his rule was actually a major hope figure, he grew the economy and was a force for democracy at first. the potential turkey had up until a couple years ago and where it is today, the contrast there is striking. sadness for the 49% of all turks who voted against this referendum who know that what it means for them is the end of their way of life. it means they have to look over their shoulders. it means they have to censor themselves for what they

to get elected in the last 15 years, he has been running turkey since 2002, he has running turkey sincehas run on a platform of demonising and cracking down on demographics that are not likely to vote for him. when you add up these groups, they now make up half of the country. that is his problem. his strategy has met its natural end in the sense that he cannot demonise further groups because he would be flipping the majority of the country against him, so majority of the country against him, so he has turned his attention to imagine foreign enemies, the west bashing that you have heard in the run—up the referendum. we could see more of that rhetoric coming up, because a polarised country means that there will be a period of political instability. 0ne that there will be a period of political instability. one way for him to end this would be to call for a snap early election, it could bring his party to the parliament with a larger majority. that is because turkey has an electoral threshold that bars small parties from the parliament. it is likely that two of the parties in the parliamen

anyone in turkey must have learned —— anyone who wants to stop turkey should feel embarrassed.y have learned what the nation wa nted they have learned what the nation wanted which has become a reality today. now we get on with our work. i have to prepare our enlightened future and we have to look at the horizon. until the 2019 elections, we have to continue our preparations and hard work. by 2019, we will have to set up what is necessary to develop further. in turkey, the country has won is democracy to become stronger. 80 million plus 3 million living abroad, 83 million people have won the vote today for turkey to progress further, to have a stronger economy. our development will be even faster now and we will continue to struggle with our enemies, but we will make a country without any terror as a united nations. we will be an exemplary nation in the world in achieving this. we will enhance our democracy further. all the citizens will be treated equally. those who said no and those who said yes in the vote today, they are all the same for us, regardless of what they voted for

they need turkey. with the administration overlook certain things. >> carol is right on this, he's been a necessary evil is how he's been described. >> there are a lot of necessary evils. i don't see president obama cking uphe phone after the world is in mourning about what happened in turkey and saying, good job, congratulations, bro. >> it's very hard for the white house to walk this back considering they led with -- in their press release the first sentence was he called to congratulate. so, how do you put another spin on that when you yourself put out the message that it was congra congratulatory? >> to me, doesn't it show no coordination? who is handling this in the communications world? >> it raises a lot of questions. the one thing we saw in the way president obama and the obama administration handled turkey, they wouldn't necessarily embrace what he was doing and they maybe didn't criticize certain things. i went with vice-president biden the last time when he visited turkey after the attempted

the referendum in turkey promises to be a close vote, even though erdogan's critics in turkey itself have largely been silenced. ms. ozturk: let's not forget deniz yucel, that he's in jail in turkey, that there's no independent judiciary anymore. one more reason to vote no. [applause] damien: the town of florsheim is an hour away. this is where the journalist deniz yucel grew up and went to school. worried about his safety in jail, his parents are refusing to talk to the media. the same holds for most of the german-turkish community here. only one shop owner is willing to talk to us about yucel's detention. >> some people say it's right. others say it's wrong. right, because he interviewed people from a terror organization. why did he do that? that's a problem for the turkish state. but i think everyone is responsible for their own actions. damien: other locals in florsheim don't really understand why some people of turkish descent are supporting erdogan. >> they grew up here. how could they believe these things? i guess they just watch turkish tv and think that what's being said the

-- since ataturk founded turkey.turkey is so polarized now that while one half of the country loves erdogan, the other half loathes him, and that is the crisis of turkey, as i argue in sultan," book "the new because he wants to be the guy boucher to the country's -- guy boucher's the country's image but only half the country follows the agenda. tim: is there any legal challenge the opposition could take? electionthe monitoring bodies that the process was not fair, even though the vote was technically free from and i agree with that. there were a lot of irregularities, but probably not enough to change the outcome. the campaign season itself was not fair. government used state resources allocated to them. i don't think the outcome is going to change. turkish institutions are traditionally very conservative when it comes to election outcomes. at the end of the day, half of the country is always going to think that erdogan stole the election. tim: in, he could be president until 2029. what is this going to mean? the exe

all over, everybody around turkey is the enemy of turkey. iran, syria, greece. romania, bulgaria.ow because of... even the economy of this country, the erdogan legacy, he was elected simply because he presented himself as a moderate muslim. a democratic man. a very progressive development, a good economy. now if you look at the situation, he is not democratic, he is arresting journalists more than mozambique, for example, again the economy is going down. it has lost almost 50% of its value. i would like to speak. my turn to speak. let me finish. i believe, honestly, we do not know what will happen in this referendum. he is already sacking ministers. my turn! i think we have to go back and look at some of the things and try and understand. one thing we always used to say in africa, leaders used democracy to get elected then clung on. now we see it happens everywhere. everywhere. the thing is, when turkey was a secular democracy, a muslim country with a secular constitution, it had all these very well—placed safety nets, freedoms, it's when that path went towards the islamification

we know it is a big day for turkey. it is a big day for us as well because you are in istanbul to witness what could be the most radical shakeup since the turkish republic was formed 93 years ago. what are you seeing on the ground ahead of the referendum? yeah, this is a huge move by this administration. as you mentioned, the most radical transformation. 18ing to push through amendments to the constitution in a yes or no referendum. at the moment, too close to call. the prime minister's office is going to get removed as part of that. you are looking at an extension 's her to one -- of erdogan leadership. those voting in favor are looking for a strong man against terror and the islamic state. those who were not, they are saying the checks and militants is -- checks and balances are being removed. shorter term stability might allow the government to move ahead with economic reforms. if you look at what happened to the turkish lira, it has had the best month so far. tracy: we are going to talk more about the turkish refere

now turkey is again facing a seismic political shift. sarah: for more can let's cross to istanbul from where our correspondent is standing by. we just saw these striking images of protests through the streets of istanbul. tell us more. what are you see? reporter: we have seen protests in several parts of the city, notably 2 strongholds of the opponent. thousands of people have been on the streets demanding a recount, condemning what they claim is vote rigging. this is a large and pouring the large outpouring of protests -- this is a large outpouring of protests, and adjusting the, police aren't intervening. normally when you get a small crowd, plainclothes police are on the scene and are risking people away from invariably violently. there has been no intervention as of yet, it appears, by the police. it possibly could be the fact that they don't feel any major intervention -- a possible hope that the protests will die down. we have seen protests in the capital, ankara, and smaller provincial cities as well put it is difficult to get pre

we just have to wipe terror out of turkey.ut the two main opposition parties, the pro—kurdish hdp and the republican people's party, or chp, say they want a recount of up to 60% of the vote. this is what the deputy chairman of the chp erdal aksunger had to say. translation: there are problems in the way the votes have been cast. we think there are also problems with the way the votes have been counted. we are just trying to control the situation at the moment, because at the moment in istanbul, ankara, izmir, the no vote is ahead. they are manipulating this and saying that the yes vote is ahead in these cities. how is this possible? in all of those big cities, the no campaign is ahead, but the public is being told that the yes campaign is leading. this is a total manipulation. they are preparing the way to steal the vote. live to ankara. mark lowen is outside the ruling party's headquarters. quite euphoric celebrations among the president's supporters. this gives him more powers than any other turkish president in modern histo

we have had an extended period of political stability in turkey -- instability in turkey. think there is considerable room for this. vonnie: there might be less uncertainty in the near-term, but who knows what will happen's once theill happen current president takes more power possibly in 2019? >> right. we have had a strong man in charge of turkey for a long time. clearly, he has additional powers. we think the incentives are for of to promote a period economic stability to continue to get the economy to grow. he has his expanded powers, it is in his best oferest to promote a period stability, get the currency to rally a little bit, get inflation coming down, and that way in the meantime, he can consolidate his power and maintain his popularity. julie: i am curious when you look at the sort of issues nibbling around the physical and metaphysical borders of turkey, including the conflict mostly to the south, but also with the turkish kurd, what is the political calculus that you make that there will be further crackdowns that will then discourage investments in turkey? alw

why is it not enough for turkey? weighs turkey being held up toa turkey?ng held up to a different yardstick than ever body else? we are going to have to live it back, but we do appreciate your time this morning. thank you for talking to us on bbc world news. have a great day, goodbye. in the next hour we will be getting another view of that on the bbc. we will have continuing coverage on turkey here on bbc world news. until then, do go to our website for more background, including why turkey has been having this referendum, as well as written analysis from our correspondents. that is all at bbc.com/news, or download the bbc news app. the american vice president, mike pence, has visited the demilitarised zone in south korea just as tensions remain high following north korea's decision to test fire what's believed to be a medium—range missile this weekend. it failed, but america has said it continues to work on a range of options to deal with the problems. our correspondentjohn sudworth is in the north korean capital, pyongyang where his movements are being

let's take a moment to talk about turkey.ent a lot of time talking about the trump-pocalypse but sometimes it's good to remember america isn't the only one burning to the ground and sometimes it calls you to see other countries are burning as well. i'm on fire! i'm on fire! hey! you're also on fire... you want to drop and roll together is this yeah, yeah. when you think of turkey, you think of bath houses, tiny coffee and men who have clearly not heard of a salt shaker, yeah. but turkey is also the fulcrum of the world, houses key strategic n.a.t.o. bases used in the war on terror. in fact, turkey is so important to global stability that james bond has been there in three separate movies. yeah, you've got to understand, that dude hates going back to anyplace he might run into a an ex. he hates it. we need to stop that uranium truck from reaching -- oh, becky. didn't think i would run into you here. how are things going? you peed on the stick, oh, yeah -- oh, gotta go! ( laughter ) so turkey is literally the bridge between the

turkey and the rest of the world. turkey is part of the western alliance, the weston family.nd asia. for it to take a step towards religious conservatism, eight more autocratic style of government, that puts it at odds with its western partners. style of government, that puts it at odds with its western partnersm isa odds with its western partnersm is a member of the council of europe, the secretary general has already said if you need help in navigating this, a reminder that pa rt navigating this, a reminder that part of your responsible it is our upholding the rule of law, we are here to guide you through it? the eu was ina here to guide you through it? the eu was in a difficult spot, it is paying money to tick each year to solve that problem. it will be interesting to see how the eu reacts officially. it is quite interesting, a referendum about the country on the edge of europe split down the middle, it rings a bell with me somewhere. it is a rubber—stamp for him being a single party strongman now and he can rule until 2029.m isa now and he can rule until 2029.m is a turni

north korea and turkey. plenty to digest. if you look at what happened to the turkish rea, the first gauge of their result and what a rally we saw, as much as 2.4% strengthening. vote.ere seeking a yes we are just two hours away from the opening of markets in dubai. across the board, a mixed picture. vendorsthe largest continuing to report including the national bank of kuwait. arab tech getting smashed. investors are on board. also, saudi arabia in focused, a lot of banks under pressure after the lawsuit coming out of the united states implicating some of the things over there and we want to a deeper into the key equity trades in the middle east and africa. for now, back to you in hong kong. >> we have to check on the first world headlines. a lot that investors need to keep an eye on. north korea's latest missile test is not expected to change washington's stance for dealing with pyongyang. defense sources say the launch was in medium-range missile and that it exploded after five seconds. we are told that president trump is

lets return to turkey now.on granting him sweeping new powers, saying it was won by a clear majority. the main opposition party is challenging the result. we can speak to our turkey correspondent mark lowen, who is in the turkish capital. mark, what will happen next? that is a huge question going forward. you have one side of the country tonight that is jubilant, that feels it has clinched victory, and it has given president at —— president erdogan, giving him sweeping new powers. the other side of the country that is not accepting this result, claiming massive voting regularity, saying that 1.5 million votes which should have been declared invalid because they lack the official stamp of the electoral supreme the official stamp of the electoral supreme board were actually given to the yes side, and that electoral observers were blocked from south—eastern polling stations in the south—east of the country. they have vowed, the opposition, to challenge this at the high court, at the electoral supreme court. so rea

k. —— the future of turkey.— the future of turkey. he went out to speak to some k. —— the future of turkey. of his supporters face—to—face. k. —— the future of turkey. they chanted "bring back the death penalty" and he seemed favourable to that. penalty" and he seemed his argument all along has been that only a really strong presidency can galvanise turkey into being successful and wealthy. so he is getting rid of the old constitution‘s checks and balances. of the old constitution‘s he is giving himself the power to hire and fire the country's judges and he has made it possible for himself to stay as president until 2029. for himself to stay there had been one or two small opposition demonstrations but he stamped down so hard on his opponents in recent years that they are reluctant to come out onto the streets in any great numbers. out onto the streets the yes campaign may not have won the popular vote in the capital, ankara, but tonight it held its celebrations, all carefully choreographed in advance. this has

it would make turkey at very best and authoritarian democracy. all right.out the manner in which the referendum was conducted. first of all, there have been allegations that there was vote rigging and electoral fraud by the opposition chp and also international observers from the osce, the organisation for security cooperation of europe said there were voting irregularities. there was also concerned about the government using its privileged position during the campaign to put all the posters up over the place saving vote yes, and depicting people who wanted to vote no as terrorists, and that was a climate that wasn't conducive to a level playing field, as the council of europe said. but the opposition chp say they will not accept the results of the referendum, they are going to appeal to the constitutional courts and take it as far as the european court of human rights, if necessary. but nevertheless, it was a very close result and you are being urged to form the broadest possible national consensus to try to bring together the two parts of the country, tho

let's should use some live scenes from turkey. 0f let's should use some live scenes from turkey., we are very, very close to an official declaration on the result of that referendum which will determine the amount of power that the president, president erdogan, as it stands, will enjoy in the future. the figures you can see in the picture are awaiting an official results. the latest ice of various —— through various wire copies was that with nearly all of the votes counted, the lead for the yes campaign was 57.1%, as opposed to 47.3%. that, what you are now seeing in short, is the residence of president erdogan in ankara. certainly another view of that short would indicate that there are quitea that short would indicate that there are quite a lot of people gathering outside that particular building, with various people wanting to celebrate the fact that there has been a yes vote because that is clearly where president erdogan was encouraging people to cast their votes. we a re encouraging people to cast their votes. we are expecting a statement from the prime minister, mr yielder

your response to what has taken place in turkey?this outcome has not been very surprising for me and for a lot of turkey watchers and observers. yesave been expecting a vote. what has surprised me is how the naysayers in this campaign turned at the polling stations. because as you mentioned earlier, there have been another level playing field. just moments ago, i was following the news. there was a press briefing in turkey and they called it an unlevel playing field. this referendum has not taken place under fair conditions. it has been under a state of emergency that has been in effect since the aborted coup attempt in july 2016. it has been renewed every three months. crackdownbeen a media with dozens of journalists imprisoned. the yes campaign run by the akp government and president erdogan has almost drowned out any dissident voices and the general public and media. what has pleasantly surprised me and perhaps others is how high the naysayers turned out at the polls. it is very close. with the serious allegations of fraud, the f

turkey is saying we did this to protect ourselves and our own interests. and the turkish minister for foreign affairs reacted with alarm that u.s. military are visiting the site, the camp site where the attacks were. >> andrew, what about the timing here? might this have anything to do with that referendum that gave president erdogan those new swiping powers? >> reporter: that's a possibility. the refreferendum was a week bee these attacks. the council of europe decided to put turkey on a monitoring list, saying it abandoned these paths to democracy. turkey is feeling very defensive, trying to prove its strategic importance by basically, you know, saying that it has the will and ability to protect its own interest. so turkey is coming out fighting at a time when the rest of the world has put the spotlight on it. >> to further complicate things for president trump after calling and congratulating erdogan. >>> the white house is meeting with another assault. we'll tell you what the white house says and what it plans to do about funding for sanctuary cities.

when turkey knows the answer to can determine its own path.k motorsports says there is ceo will retire at the end of the season. the 14 time winner of nascar's most popular driver award has never won a title. dale earnhardt jr. has been plagued by concussions throughout his career. global news, 24 hours a day, powered by more than 2600 journalists and analysts in more than 120 countries. chandra. this is bloomberg. vonnie: thank you for that. breaking news. the senate committee has approved trade rep robert lighthizer with the waiver that the news there is the finance panel has okayed the u.s. trade rep robert lighthizer. the final vote will have to happen in the complete senate. in france marine le pen has stepped down as leader of the national front, saying she wants to campaign as a free candidate, able to represent all french people after criticism on front .unner emmanuel macron some accused him of complacency after gaining the advantage in the first round. joining us now from paris is bloomberg's greg viscusi for some context. marine le

what does that mean the turkey going forwards? — presumably this does nothing to bring the two sides closer together. no, it does quite the polar opposite. and he's a man who has a kind of siege mentality sometimes of sort of doubling down and turning in on his inner circle and i think that will only be accentuated, there will be a feeling that his once extensive support network has shrunk considerably. he does still have a lot of support, still half the country, but they did not get a resounding victory they wanted. and for such a monumental political change, they don't have the mandate that they wanted, really. they have still claimed victory but while the doubts linger over the next steps and over the weeks and months ahead it is going to really accentuate the split here and make the goal of stability which turkey yearns for even harder to achieve. and for more on the long—term implications of this vote we are joined from istanbul now by ali agaoglu, a columnist from the vatan newspaper. good to see you. thank you for being wit

turkey, for all of its faults, it does.ave reported a surge in migrants being rescued from the mediterranean over the easter weekend. reports claim more than 8,000 people were saved from boats mainly travelling from libya. authorities believe improved weather conditions have encouraged traffickers to increase the number of crossings. greg dawson reports. it has become a familiar sight in recent yea rs, it has become a familiar sight in recent years, a lifeline thrown to a rubber dinghy recent years, a lifeline thrown to a rubberdinghy in the recent years, a lifeline thrown to a rubber dinghy in the mediterranean. squeezed together are 58 migrants who have set sail from libya. squeezed together are 58 migrants who have set sailfrom libya. in this case they are taken on board a spanish coastguard boat. these people are just spanish coastguard boat. these people arejust some spanish coastguard boat. these people are just some of the reported 8300 pulled from europe's waters over the easter weekend. 0n 8300 pulled from europe's

for is a massive change it turkey. have had the privilege of speaking to a lot of tarp -- a lot of turks on the ground. feedback is mixed. your read on how turkey looks like going forward? has gone through four elections and the referendum in the last three years. coup terror attacks and a . now that the reference to -- now, that the referendum is behind us, there will be more certainty and the government can focus on the macro reforms a -- they have held onto for a long time. until the next election, they can focus on macro reforms, tax and exports. yousef: you have been hit with these changes. nine months since the failed coup attempt that brought a lot of uncertainty. when can we see an improvement in figures? >> 2016 was the worst year for us. we have seen declines of 16 percent in original destination passengers to istanbul which is huge. the first quarter was not so good though we have seen a decline in the decline. but april is the first time for pickup. we are seeing signs of pickup. we are hopeful for the seas

hard not to conclude that turkey feels v lost".igh — and the result was close. 51.4% to 48.6%. here are two front pages from turkey. the secular s zc: "is your conscience comfortable? fraud." the divide is geographical — most regions in the country's interior where mr erdogan‘s always performs well — it voted yes. the three largest cities — istanbul, ankara and izmir — all voted no. as did districts along the aegean and southeast anatolia coast — that's where many kurds live. and they are no supporters of the president. these are pictures we have from istanbul. these are opposition supporters banging pots and pans — that's a traditional form of protest. we will have to see what if anything they can do to reverse this result. just to quickly go over what exactly people were voting on. prepare the budget, choose the majority of seniorjudges and enact certain laws by decree. the president alone would be able to announce a state of emergency and dismiss parliament. mark lowen is in istanbul — here's his take on what will happen next. i

turkey decides. this nation is about to vote in a decisive referendum that could give the president more power. istanbul ahead of sunday's crucial ballot. >> ♪ anchor: it is good to have you with us. tonight, is the korean peninsula on the brink of war for the first time in more than 60 years? these next four hours will be crucial. saturday sees north korea marking the birth of the founder and the secretive regime may test a nuclear device. that has set the entire region on edge. u.s. president donald trump has sent an aircraft carrier group to keep watch and warned he will not shy away from acting alone. reporter: the spirit of conviviality. north korean officials gathered for a festival marking the anniversary of the birth of the country's founding father. behind the celebrations, the atmosphere is anything but rosie as the country enters deepening tensions with the united states. >> we are comparing trump's policies toward north korea with the former administration. we have concluded it is becomin

also in the next hour, turkey goes to the polls in a landmark referendum.resident erdogan cast his vote this morning in a bid to bring in new sweeping powers that could keep him in office potentially for another 12 years. the world's oldest person has died aged 117. emma morano was officially the last surviving person born in the 1800s. and coming up at 12.30, this week's edition of click looks at how technology is being used in the fight against crime. good afternoon and welcome to bbc news. north korea has made a failed attempt to launch a missile, one day after it issued a warning to the united states that it was ready to hit back with nuclear attacks amid escalating tensions in the region. the us pentagon said the ballistic missile blew up almost immediately. it happened as the us vice president, mike pence, arrived in south korea to discuss the north's missile and nuclear programmes. 0ur correspondentjohn sudworth is in pyongyang with the latest. it's almost certain that the missile test is meant as a message of defiance, it came just a few hours befor

what kind of political moment is turkey in? it is difficult.gan, was to turn turkey into a presidential republic and he has succeeded in that as it stands today, but it seems the country is more divided than ever. president erdogan won the election to become president five years ago by getting 5296 president five years ago by getting 52% of the votes, but last night it was only si.4% and for the first time in its history the ruling party did not win in any of the big three cities in turkey. this is striking. i remember being out in turkey when then prime minister recep tayyip erdogan was up his first election, what striking then, was the ache party was trying to convince a lot of people, particularly people in the big cities, those who looked a bit more towards europe in their outlook, was that it was a party and recep tayyip erdogan was a man who could embrace european values and the islamic tradition of the old 0ttoman the islamic tradition of the old ottoman empire, that he could fuse the more historic past with the more modern version. it n