this is also tuzbekistan is suc a long story that i will not get into but, so therefore, when you have a situation in the region where there's a lot of competition, they draw in the global powers along the lines of their own rivalry and in that region the global powers have a kind of dual approach. either central asia doesn't matter at all. it's a periphery of the periphery, or it is actually the core. there's been both russia, china, and the very different ambiguous role. so as long as there is this kind of ak big ut, they play up that ambiguity and try to get as much as possible from the powers, foreign powers, et cetera, et cetera. in this scenario where there are all these uncertainties, the approach to afghanistan is cautious. is much more insulation if there are guarantees to get some gains, we will. otherwise we will insulate ourselves. there's quite a lot of skepticism in terms of what would be the future of all of these things that i talked about. let let me just end -- and i'm sorry. there is really no time to go through the policies of each of these five republics. it is in