i have done patrol, traffic, undercover narcotics, worked in internal affairs. as the first black chief of woodmere, i tried to focus on those community issues which had a specific and strong impact with youth in the community, interactions with the business environment in the community. and, trying to ensure that the officers under my command treated people the same way i did, with respect and dignity, understanding that everybody is deserving of that kind of treatment. unfortunately, i personally was not as astute politically as i currently am. so, we had differences. and i ultimately left. host: now, in your years as a police officer, and as a police chief, how have you seen policing change? or has it changed from what it was in the past? guest: i would have to say to you that it really has not systemically changed. what people have to recognize and bear in mind is that the institution of policing as it is currently practiced has been inherently biased against people of color and low income and designed to be that way. the system of policing that we have toda