samuel green had heard of canada and the underground railroad from harriet tubman. susan brooke fled norfolk in 1884 six months after her son arrived in canada. there were numerous requests from run aways in canada to william still of the philadelphia vigilance committee asking him to contact family members left behind to arrange their departure. samuel mills who took the name robert king after he escaped from somerset county maryland wrote still asking him to contact his wife living in baltimore to let her know where he was and to encourage her to leave. our man madden, that i talked about who owned that inn in virginia, his son, who was a minister occasionally returned to the area to visit his kin and prayer meetings. he also exchanged letters and intelligence on behalf of run aways and their loved ones. in spite of warnings from still, john henry hill who wrote frequently to family and friends in petersburg, virginia arranging for their escape. hill was a 26-year-old carpenter who escaped from richmond in january 1853. he was hidden by a friend of his mother for

there is the story of the underground railroad for you. there are a number of issues here that i will try to disentangle in this story. it took the longest while to pull this together from the scattered letters and other documents. banks' escape provides us with an opportunity to explore further the nature and consequences of what henry bibb who escaped from slavery in kentucky called the work of self emancipation. it seems odd that banks would go through such lengths to keep in touch with his former master. he felt -- banks offered in his final letters from canada to repay buck the $800 security he had to forfeit when he left. but neither his attachment to his wife and friends in front royal nor the gratitude he felt to buck diminished banks' determination to be free. his chances of reaching freedom were increased if he could throw off and distract any slave catchers buck may have sent. his first two letters were meant to do just that. edward masse were convinced they were part of a carefully laid plan of deception contrived by a smart sl

activists and helped finance the underground railroad in the detroit area. at any rate, chandler, you remember him, he's there at bull run trying to stem the tide. he called for the creation of a congressional committee to investigate these catastrophes, radical republicans such as chandler were defined by their commit mtd to emancipation of slaves and civil rights and hard aggressive war policy. there were a minority in their own party. however with the departure of every southern senator and congressman except andrew johnson of tennessee, their leverage sharply increased. republicans controlled the senate by more than 2-1, holding 31 of the 44 occupied seats to the democrat's 13 and there was no doubt that chandler was going to get his committee but the debate was sharp. and the arguments still resonate today. republican senator foster of connecticut opposed any investigation of the army whatsoever. asserting that war was best left to the generals. he protested and i'm quoting now, i believe in letting the military authorities manage the army. if they mana

he helped finance the underground railroad. at any rate. radical republicans such as chandler were defined by their commitment to the mediate emancipation of slaves and a hard aggressive war policy. they were a minority in their own party. in late 1861 the numbers were different. the debate was sharp. the arguments still resonate today. republican senator foster of connecticut opposed any investigation of the army whatsoever asserting that war was best left to the generals. he protested i believe in letting the military authorities manage the army. if they manage it badly we shall make a bad matt interfering. he declared that congress's duty to the voters was to investigate the army's failures if it was not willing to investigate itself. and it was not subsequently the impressive record of the military investigating itself. so, what are we to do? sit idle during the period that the war is in progress? we are not under the command of the war of this country. they are under ours. at thany rate, the committee wod be compriced of two republican

for over nine years, i have been going into south darfur with south underground railroad negotiating the release of christian slaves and others. jihad is very real. we need to be more than vigilant. i think that we need to be proactive. i think that not many of you in this room knew that gjihad was declared in 1983 against the south. to this day 35,000 men, women and children are still enslaved there. although the leader is wanted by the icc, this administration has not delegitamatized the leader in the region and i suspect the people will be next. but actually perpetrated that against the christian south for 23 years before it became free. we must be more than ridvigilan. >> thank you pastor. >> well, maybe i want to comment shortly because i fully subscribe to everything the pastor said. but there is one more thing that we can do. and this is what i describe in my book, "marked for death". there is an organization a dangerous but powerful organization called the oic. the organization of islamic countries. as a matter of fact the oic is the largest voting bloc e ing i united nations

engineers that turned the moon from a dream into a destiny, like those conspirators on the underground railroad, black and white, who came together saying that we must overcome this slavery, like the conspirators who took us as a nation from child labor to public education, from sweatshops to workers' rights. they were all conspirators who came together to exult our highest ideals, to celebrate our common aspirations, to live the truth of our founding which is that this nation is nothing if it stands apart but everything if it stands together. [applause] that, ultimately, we must live our hallmark -- those three words from a dead language -- e pluribus unum. and, so, graduates, i tell you today this from my heart. and it pains me to tell you that my grandfather and my father, who would have so wanted to be here today, to pillar you all with their corny jokes, to tell you that "the tassel's worth the hassle." the two men are not here today. my father is not here because he's at home in atlanta. i talked to him this morning. he is struggling with parkinson's, in the latter stages of that disease.

engineers that turned the moon from a dream into a destiny, like those conspirators on the underground railroad, black and white, who came together saying that we must overcome this slavery, like the conspirators who took us as a nation from child labor to public education, from sweatshops to workers' rights. they were all conspirators who came together to exult our highest ideals, to celebrate our common aspirations, to live the truth of our founding which is that this nation is nothing if it stands apart but everything if it stands together. [applause] that, ultimately, we must live our hallmark -- those three words from a dead language -- e pluribus unum. and, so, graduates, i tell you today this from my heart. and it pains me to tell you that my grandfather and my father, who would have so wanted to be here today, to pillar you all with their corny jokes, to tell you that "the tassel's worth the hassle." the two men are not here today. my father is not here because he's at home in atlanta. i talked to him this morning. he is struggling with parkinson's, in the latter stages of that disease.

like those conspirators on the underground railroad, black and white, who came together, saying we must overcome this slavery. conspirators who took us from a child labor to public education, from sweatshops to workers' rights. they were all conspirators to kims -- came together to invoke our highest ideals, to celebrate our common aspirations, to live the truth of our founding, which is that this nation is nothing as it stands apart, but everything if it's dance together. -- it stands together. [applause] ultimately, we must live our whole lives. e pluribus unum. graduates, i tell you this from my heart. it pains me to tell you that my grandfather and my father, " would have so wanted to be here today to pillar you with their corny jokes -- the two men are not here today. my father is not here because he is at home in atlanta. i talked to him this morning. he is struggling with parkinson's, in the latter stages of that disease. 20 years have brought my father from the man running after me on the football field to now a man who has a terrible disease that is stripping him of his physica

engineers that turned the moon from a dream into a destiny, like those conspirators on the underground railroad, black and white, who came together saying that we must overcome this slavery, like the conspirators who took us as a nation from child labor to public education, from sweatshops to workers' rights. they were all conspirators who came together to exult our highest ideals, to celebrate our common aspirations, to live the truth of our founding which is that this nation is nothing if it stands apart but everything if it stands together. [applause] that, ultimately, we must live our hallmark -- those three words from a dead language -- e pluribus unum. and, so, graduates, i tell you today this from my heart. and it pains me to tell you that my grandfather and my father, who would have so wanted to be here today, to pillar you all with their corny jokes, to tell you that "the tassel's worth the hassle." the two men are not here today. my father is not here because he's at home in atlanta. i talked to him this morning. he is struggling with parkinson's, in the latter stages of that disease.

for over nine years, i have been going into south darfur with south sudanese underground railroad, negotiating the release of christian slaves and others. jihad is very real. and i think we need to be more than vigilant. i think we need to be proactive. i'm not sure that many of you in this room knew that jihad was declared in 1983 against the primarily christian south. to this day, 35,000 men, women, and children are still enslaved in darfur, in cordovan, and in the north, although omar bashir is wanted by the i.c.c., this administration has not delegit tiesed the person conducting not only a genocide in darfur currently for a year and in the blue nile region, and i suspect the people will be next. but actually perpetrated that against the christian south for 23 years before it became free. we must be more than vigilant. >> thank you, pastor. how about over here, please? >> maybe i want to comment shortly, because i fully subscribe that everything she said. but there is one more thing we can do, and this is what i also describe in my book, is that there is an organization, a very dangerous, b