it is about what is underground. we know undergrounding are not immune to weather. i will tell you when you underground lines in minnesota, they have problems with gophers. they actually had a gopher guy that does gopher surveys to make sure their underground lines stay safe. i don't think we have gophers here in san francisco, but we have -- and that's what i mean by -- when you talk about the geographic difference, what is it that affects with what goes above ground and below ground. so we also know that underground lines, when they do get affected like in an earthquake, they do take longer to repair. when you look at a situation like all of the underground transmission lines we have in san francisco, if there was to be an earthquake, the earth shifts, breaks those lines, it will take a long time to bring those lines back up. we have made -- we have taken measures to mitigate for that just so you guys know. i don't want you to think that pg & e is worried about the underground lines. we have a warehouse next to our martin station that has all your transmission lin

an interim solution prior to undergrounding is obvious to me. telecom -- [ indiscernible ] -- [microphone not activated]. >> clerk: the speaker's time is concluded. >> supervisor fewer: thank you very much. thank you. next speaker, please. >> good morning, supervisors. thank you for having this hearing. my name is mark snider. i'm a resident of district 8 and a member of the san francisco coalition of underground utilities steering committee. we're a city at risk for earthquakes, and a strong earthquake will certainly topple utility poles. residents and tourists alike will risk injury and death from falling poles, but the wires on the street will also present a risk in that fire and emergency vehicles will not cross wires that they cannot pass without -- knowing that they're safe to pass. the solution clearly is undergrounding. it's not rocket science, but it does involve engineering. there are some updates in a localization of underground facilities and utilities, and there are also updates in creating conduits without trenching. both of these

you're not voluntarily undergrounding? >> we voluntarily underground our transmission lines. do you want to take that one? >> i'm the rule 28 program manager. the rule 28 is set up so that requests from cities and counties can come into pg & e and other utilities to convert overhead lines to underground and the tariff permits the allocation of work credits. cities and counties accrue these work credits very much like airline miles and redeem these credits for future undergrounding credits when they have a sufficient number of work credits. for new construction, those are under other rules, such as rule 2, rule 15, and rule 16. so many times those new construction projects will be done from underground from the get-go. specifically with the conversion of overhead to underground is rule 20. >> so do you voluntarily do it or you do it based on what we're requesting? that last part sounded like rule 20 was when we require a new construction, because i know often new construction in san francisco will require it and so then you have to abide by that, but otherwise you're not volun

safety is increased when you put it underground. overall, quality of life is enjoyed when it's put underground. so i think there's some good points made today. i think we should further in conversation and bring folks back, but i want to voice that today >> supervisor fewer: i think it's exploring our jurisdiction of the lines, not so much the poles, but the lines also. >> supervisor walton: i think it's interesting that cpuc hasn't conducted a study of whether or not underground is safer. but yet we have new developments that are required to use underground utilities. it's interesting and we will have further conversations of course to understand how that could be the case in this point. to your point, supervisor, i want to thank you and supervisor stefani for calling this hearing today. this is happening in other cities. it's definitely happening on new developments right here in san francisco. so we're going to continue to work hard to make this a reality, and you have a commitment from us to do that, which is why we're here havi

to underground existing wires. that is a decision made by the utilities and local government. part of the finding for undergrounding is right pair funding. so the cpuc oversees the program and approves the amount and how those funds are dispersed. there are many quotes out there what the cost is to undergrounding. the quote we came up with anywhere between 1.7 and $3.2 million a mile, but again that's going to vary what the situation is, whether it's urban or wild land. the cpuc does require undergrounding in new subdivisions. >> supervisor fewer: mr. palmer, is it the cpuc's opinion that undergrounding is safer than overhead wires? >> -- not been conducted on that by the cpuc. >> supervisor fewer: are you doing one? >> not at this time, no. >> supervisor fewer: so nobody knows. i mean, you're the authority. so the cpuc has no opinion either way whether or not it's safer to have wires underground than above ground; is that correct? >> that is correct. at this time that analysis has not been done by the cpuc >> supe

involved with the underground railroad. but they continued to live, much later into the 19th century. and a lot of them came back into the united states. some of them come to the northern cities like chicago, detroit, buffalo. some of them go to washington, d.c., which during the civil war and reconstruction is a major place for african-americans, and some of them go all the way back into southern communities to try to reconnect with people they had known or find groups they think are in a position to make change and be part of that change. i am really tracking all kinds of movement back out of canada after the underground railroad. >> why do they want to come back and what gives them hope? >> a lot of them thought of themselves as members of the united states. they really wanted to be u.s. citizens, part of the united states. slavery was making that impossible. but with the civil war and the end of slavery, there were a number of political leaders who say this is our chance. we are going to go and be part of a reconstructi

mine in northern wales in our series underground europe to have a balancing good time. germany's famous by avoid festival opens on thursday with a brand new production of the opera town hall is out the story of a failed minstrel cop between the hedonistic minas and the pure princess elizabeth is seen as an allegory of the classic romantic conflict between spiritual and carnal love but this production aims to prove that it's much more than just that. one horse and the minstrel contest at castle this is new production of record wagner's romantic opera takes among teen meatier approach life e.d.'s open up a new perspective on the action. i'm going to fulfill in our contest takes place on 2 levels you get close to the characters for example when elizabeth and time has a reunite you see backstage the emotions this box for time horses opponents you see what effect these performances have you don't only see the consequences but also a kind of emotional as well as a very concrete backstage story. of concrete objects that story directed to be a strat so has also incorporated the

is a different kind of attraction the biggest underground trampoline world. therefore visitors can try it out they have to strong safety training overall and a helmet. their old wondering what awaits them. what darkness yeah. this may mean it's going to be even negotiating dark i guess yeah. luckily i'm not claustrophobic real looking forward to see or i don't mean the government into. which leaves you know but. it's. worth going from one way of. seeing. now there's no turning back after a short ride on an old morning train they arrived at the cavern found the underground trumpery. there are 3 trampolines on different levels joined by a long tunnel it's all contained in this camera which is 60 meters long and 35 meters high the operating company running it specializes in unusual attractions. it's lots of different people in boulder the cover friends of the company came up with a concept we want we want something unique which we are fake i feel we have it so it's of the world 1st also we want we want it so fit all around all of this inside so i'm sure all the

is a different kind of attraction the biggest underground trampoline. for visitors. they have to dong safety training overall and helmets. their own wondering what awaits them. what did start this yeah and this movie is going to be even negotiating dark i guess yeah. luckily i'm not. real looking forward to see the. fireworks i mean the government into what it looks like no but. it's. worth going from one live to. see it. now there's no turning back after a short ride on an old morning train they arrive at the cavern and the underground trunk early. there are 3 trampolines on different levels joined by a long tunnel it's all contained in this cabin which is 60 meters long and 35 meters high the operating company running it specializes in unusual attraction. it's lots of different people over the company tried to cooperate with the concept we want something unique which we are fake i feel we have it so it's of the world 1st also we what we wanted some fit all around all of this inside so i'm sure all the around. 8 degrees celsius but everyone as soon warmed up and the

so he move all of his stuff down underground and started living underground. >> reporter: in additiono bedroom and kitchen, you'll find a bathroom, courtyards, chapel and a grand ballroom. the low celings and arches. he was 5'6" tall. anyone taller needs to duck down on the tour. no matter what your height is, you will notice the cooler conditions. forest tierre planned to use the land to grow citrus trees but learned that a hard pan layer of soil would prevent that. with his experience of building subway tunnels in boston, he knew he could use the hard pan as waus for cave. >> he was basically self-taught as an engineer, architect, everything that he did down here, he learned's went. >> reporter: it would take 40 years to carve out ten acres with a pick, shovel and wheel barrow. he kept digging till his death in 1946. parts of the underground gardens were unfinished. this car tunnel was one of his final projects. he never used drawings to map out his vision for the underground gardens but his work is putting fresno on the map. they had 39,000 visit erslast year and each year they att

had gotten there underground at this amc lincoln square center, and two floors underground technically. and it went black. of course, everybody there, you know, once that happened of course people were turning on their cell phones lights to see where they were. and then within minutes the after came down and said this happened not on there but a several-block radius. people didn't know what was going on. we decided to go ahead and get out. my wife and i. escalators were down. so we walked up, got out on the street and at that point the theater was being evacuated. all systems were down, no refund. instead of hailing a cab. uber is lit up. you couldn't get anywhere. so we decided to walk, no big deal as new yorkers tend to do. we made it to 79th street where we noticed the subways were running. amc on the westside of manhattan and crossing over to jfk and brooklyn queens. those lines along with 1, 2 and 3 are heavily trafficked subways. it's the fastest way to get around new york city. when we got on the train at 79 this was packed it was local and we made it up to 96th with no problem.

our new series underground europe explores what's going on below the surface of the continent many must see locations this time in poland. and some exciting news in film as the latest from marvel studios and ventures and game has become the highest grossing film of all time. oh yes sociate light with bright ideas and at the world's 1st museum dedicated entirely to light art there are certainly plenty of those housed deep in the belly of a former brewery in western germany the center for international light art opened in 2001 when addition to its permanent collection it's currently showing the finalists for the 3rd international light art award with some brilliant explorations of a material that of course isn't quite tangible. a museum in the german provinces. talks on display this work by japanese artist yes your hero is one of 3 nominees for the international award 29. a white surface in the middle a kind of visual interference the artist. and yes sure nick explore physical phenomena with light. with light water and mirrors. aims to create an infinite space in installation. 3 examples

our new series underground europe explores what's going on below the surface of the continents many must see locations this time in poland. and some exciting news in film as the latest from marvel studios adventurers and it has become the highest grossing film of all time. oh yes sociate light with bright ideas and at the world's 1st museum dedicated entirely to light art there are certainly plenty of those housed deep in the belly of a former brewery in western germany the center for international light art opened in 2001 in addition to its permanent collection it's currently showing the finalists for the 3rd international light art award with some brilliant explorations of the material that of course isn't quite tense of will. a museum in the german provinces. talks on display this work going japanese artist yes your hero is one of 3 nominees for the international award 2019. a white surface in the middle a kind of visual interference the artist who wrote and yes sure nick explore physical phenomena with light. with light water and mirrors. aims to create an infinite space in installat

they are buried and underground. many of our outages, the p.u.c. -- the results of their work is inconclusive as to what caused the outage, which tends to indicate, it tends to point out to the primary switch here on the island. even when they are able to identify an outage as being, for instance, related to a bird strike, really, the bird strike is a cause of the outage, but the underlying vulnerabilities in the mean -- underlying vulnerability is in the main switch. the new switchgear that we will have wilma -- will be much more fault tolerant. it will be able to handle fluctuations in amperage that happens, for instance, when a bird flies into the power lines. without tripping out. so some of the things that cause outages today will not cause outages in the future because the new switchgear will be more robust and more able to ride through fluctuations in low that result from minor faults or problems like that. there will be a great increase in the liability with the new electrical switch. the intention is also on

you're back to the underground waterfall, mike?> yeah, waterfalling from above here on the bart tracks. this video comes in from our friends at bart showing you the situation that had bart service stops or flowing through the embarcadero station, but they were not stopping but now they are. they have cleared up and cleaned up all the water, and we will get back out to the words, bart restored, but muni not restored. that water coming from the muni level and working on the drainage issue is what we are hearing about. service above ground will be their option. for either case, bart restored, but muni not a good solution over there. bart may have one more problem and we'll talk about that in a second. anytime anybody hears about anything involving bart they tend to hit the roadways to avoid any problems, so we did see more folks in the cash lanes at the bay bridge toll plaza, and the map shows a smooth drive through the maze. on market at fifth, police activity there as well and that's where the above ground muni lines will be running

time after time they were going underground hours after israel did what u.k. pm contenders boris johnson and jeremy hunt have advocated before it bomb syria coming up on the show why is the british government destroying in hiding documents essential to the jewelry of the sons' case we speak to the journalist who is in court this week fighting for their release and as the e.u. squabbles over management personnel changes the un warns that the mediterranean will be a sea of blood we investigate european dehumanization of those who seek better lives for the news atomic bomb goes nuclear as iran and europe do business and this boris johnson giving the thumbs up or the 2 fingers of big business dollars or more coming up in today's going on the ground 1st as a fraction of one percent of the electorate decide britain's next prime minister labour's jeremy corbyn questions the arguable deep state after the murdoch times defames him over his health the civil service should be breaching new spite against an elected politician against a prospective government is something

johnson or jeremy hunt is defeated at the ballot bowl all the smoke coming up in today's going underground the 1st today marks 73 years since the usa did this. go for the tommy bomb has been successfully done today the legacy of u.s. detonation of nuclear weapons in the south pacific is threatening yet more life thanks to the climate emergency but unlike harry truman president trump is arguably more concerned about human life he claimed he saved 150 lives by not bombing iran not bombing a countries arguably not what could have been expected from a hillary clinton white house nevertheless for those who supported the democrats hawk trump was elected not by the people but by the kremlin this is session fanned by mainstream media led to the jailing of a member of donald trump's foreign policy advisory panel his name is george papadopoulos his new book deep state targets how i got caught in the cross has of the plot to bring down president trump details how he did time for deleting his facebook account he joins me now from los angeles george welcome to going underground if any before any of our

they are being told to avoid underground subway stops. but five major subway lines for midtown manhattan are shut down. that would have had a larger impact on a weekday evening. in hell's kitchen area where a lot of tourists come, trying to check in with each other where they were when the power went out. a lot of those rescues are happening in residential areas. just talking to a couple actually. you were talking about your experience when the lights went out and the hotel told you you might want to go outside? >> we had been in the city for 20 minutes and the lights went out. our key card worked. it wants as scary on the streets. reporter: what was the feeling when you got into the lobby. >> staff was pointing to what they needed to do. i think most of of the confusion was out in the streets. we saw masses of people out in the theater district and coming out of restaurants and stores where there were dark buildings. reporter: we are going back to a time when cash is king. we have the street vendor behind me. he's dot doing great busines

has been exploring underground berlin for 2 decades he co-founded the veldt in association in 1997. around 8 meters below the surface of the news team have spent he is clearing tens of thousands of cubic meters of rubble. now visitors can explore a former brewery sela and an escape tunnel arnold got inspired to explore the linz underground in paris. when i was studying urban regional planning in 1988 i got to know some parisian urban planners that's how i met a bunch of people who explore parisian catacombs there were 3 rival groups. i helped one carry out measurements and accompany them for 2 days that got me hooked when i returned to berlin i told myself i had to find out what lies below what was nothing but important. this newly built entrance leads to an escape tunnel that was secretly to help 17 east german citizens flee to west berlin is of the most being completed that was discovered before it could be used. klaus cookman from west berlin helped dig the tunnel he wanted to smuggle his pregnant wife out of the spelling with an organ this is the original tunnel from that came 7

and in our series underground europe we visit an eerie subterranean lake in southern switzerland. or the turning point that's the term that germans used to refer to the fall of the berlin wall in 1909 an event that mend the end of east germany and clear the way for the country's reunification well for artists who had found a way to co-exist with the communist system and opened a vast new world of possibilities at the same time however it up ended everything about their creative motivation and their lives well 30 years on an exhibition in like 6 looks at the art that was produced during this turbulent period. doris siegler doesn't see herself as someone who can see into the future but what the leipsic artist painted just a year before the fall of the wall did come to pass people peacefully demonstrating with candles crossing a border bridge. as nutty it was spring 980 s. and i explain it to myself as a type of wish fantasy for change and also one of personal change. in this person in awful things siegler is one of more than 100 artists whose work documents the years are painful the

the structure which is made glass concrete and steel is mostly underground. it's part of the chip it's museum and was designed by the renowned danish architect's office ingles who. you are see on the western city of the marks of the wind is always blowing stronger because we are tucked into the dunes so if you're always like a little racist in the middle of the sometimes violent nature of where the modern. the new a building is connected to the original museum which is located in a world war 2. huge facility was built by the germans in 1944 but was never completed the exhibition inside the bunker explains. has been conceived as the antithesis of the bunker so the bunker. is this sort of concrete hermetic object rejecting the surroundings whereas the museum is an open area and welcoming meeting place in the heart of the dunes. the new a part of the museum opened in 2017 this just can choose among 3 interactive exhibitions one of them is dedicated to anbar. this one takes us back in time during the last ice age a tsunami flooded the north sea coast submerging l

s one is a champion of real underground techno some have called him techno as global conscience and there's a reason why berlin is his 2nd home. to the culture is so. relevant here you know the amount of record stores that are here the amount of other artists that i can be influenced by and communicate with and even in passing can gain inspiration from it you don't have that and really anywhere else in the world. but d.e.v.'s one says tourists are watering down the unique character of berlin's party meanwhile real estate investors are forcing clubs out of town but freedom space and creativity of berlin's techno scene are under threat. at some point it's going to the bubble is going to burst and i've already heard about some clubs of course facing closures facing problems noise restrictions and will destroy the city at some point. not far from policemen on the other side of the canal new illegal techno clubs have popped up on the underground is still alive. but berlin city government says last year 7 clubs shut down and 16 more are at risk including policemen. david shearer has long been fig

the mithraism of the circus maximus is a religious sign meters underground. at its heart is a relief of the god mithra from the 3rd century b.c. . unfortunately too often we can't offer broad public access to these spaces because of safety issues or budget limits. or. opening up such spaces to the public is a logistical challenge for. some passageways and catechisms have been well explored others hardly get all the cultural associations to run here uses modern. elegy to explore more and more aqueducts shafts chambers and religious relics a remote controlled robot can access spaces too small for people to enter. the last 15 years or so members of the association have been investigating the secrets below the city's streets. volunteer in their time out of concern for the fate of the ruins. ugandan was there with your arms because museum is probably the subterranean one the one that hasn't yet been discovered there's so much to learn from what's on the ground in order to be able to better understand what lies above it. may be the eternal city but it is subject to

this week we'll take a look at all the great stuff that's looking below in our series and titled underground europe and who knew that something like table salt could have such a fascinating spinoff effect we looked into its legacy in neighboring poland. we've come to the former of a leech to salt mine for 7 centuries table salt was mined here today and so you know this kind of world heritage site with around 1000000 tourists every year there are 2 ways to descend into this underworld you can take the stairs. or if you're in a hurry there's the elevator. the mines 9 levels why between 64 meters and 135 meters below the surface more than 2000 chambers were created by the mining process now you'll find fascinating items such as sculptures made of rock salt carved by the miners. after walking around for an hour through the tunnels and chambers visitors will come upon the mines greatest attraction the chapel of st. built around 895110 meters below the surface usually 3 full mine is the idea every year because of different knocks. so mine is $1.00 to $2.00 have places to pray that's why they cough

and in our series underground europe we visit an eerie stop to rainy a lake in southern switzerland. or the turning point that's the term that germans used to refer to the fall of the berlin wall in 1909 an event that mend the end of east germany and clear the way for the country's reunification artists who had found a way to co-exist with the communist system and opened a vast new world of possibilities at the same time however it up ended everything about their creative motivation and their lives for 30 years on an exhibition in leipsic looks at the art that was produced during this turbulent period. doris siegler doesn't see herself as someone who can see into the future but what the light sic art has painted just a year before the fall of the wall did come to pass people peacefully demonstrating with candles crossing a border bridge. as nutty it was spring 980 s. and i explain it to myself as a type of wish fantasy for change and also one of personal change. in this has really been awful this. siegler is one of more than a 100 artists whose work documents the years are painful th