none of those countries were ecstatic about the idea of german unification. but by handling it the way the president did, he was able to achieve that german unification within a very narrow window of opportunity. if we hadn't moved when we did, i'm not sure we could have achieved unification the way we did. >> i think that's true, because right after the wall came down, gorbachev's attitude changed dramatically. he had been sort of on our side because he was practicing perestroika and glasnost. he wasn't trying to democratize the soviet union by any means, but he was trying to reinstill some sense of discipline and working it. and so he was encouraging what was going on in eastern europe till the wall came down, and then he got scared. >> talk a little bit about if you will, again, the diplomacy of this whole process. you touched on the reservations that mitterand had, thatcher had, clearly that gorbachev had. how did you handle those? >> well, we -- we have always been the leader of the alliance and the president, even as a new president, was the leader of t

i remember this meeting on german unification. and what he said there at the table was so different than what we had heard before. i thought, uh-oh, this whole thing has been knocked into a -- we're not going get it done. that was one incident that i could remember very well. >> we had a strategy. we were generally confident it would work. we didn't know how long. when we came in to office, there was a ferment in east germany. up until then, the u.s. policy toward the satellites, eastern europe, had been, we tried to help them cozy up to those making the most trouble for the soviet union. so our friend this morning, romania, romania, josh escue was our favorite. because they were always probing the soviet union. when we came in, we said, no, that's not the right measure. we're trying to liberalize. romania went from the top right down to the bottom. poland went to the top because were trying to change their system. we had a general sense of where we wanted to go and how. but there were lots of parallels that we weren't sure would

i remember this meeting on unification. and what he said there at the table was so different than what we had heard before. thought, uh-oh, this whole thing has been knocked into a -- get it done.ng that was one incident that i well.remember very we had a strategy. we were generally confident it work. we didn't know how long. when we came in to office, there east germany.in up until then, the u.s. policy eastern e satellites, tried to d been we help them cozy up to those making the most trouble for the soviet union. morning, iend this escue wasromania, josh our favorite. because they were always probing the soviet union. that's not the measure. we're trying to liberalize. right to the top. poland went to the top because they were trying to maintain their system. had a general sense of where we wanted to go and how. of parls ande lots we were trying to work. >> it was such a sensitive topic at the beginning that there was debate to use the word "unification." you'll remember that. we tried to call it a different --e >> no, w

you know, some people were against unification. but our position was, wait a minute, we have been talking about this for forty years. now we have a chance to implement it. do mean we are not going to do that? so, it worked. >> i want to tell you one part of this regimen i disagree. he turned out to be right. and that is the 2+4. understood the two -- the two germany's. the plus four were the other powers. believe it was my side who said that i love joni so much, i think there ought to be two of them. [laughter] so there were some risks in but jim said -- we need to go ahead. it worked. >> the national security advisor tells a story about a ving come -- having gone to meeting between call and thatcher -- cole and thatcher. thatcher turned to him and is just so german. [laughter] >> let's talk, for a moment, who is so german -- and i think the very best of the word -- the one who represented the west -- chancellor kohl. how would you evaluate his role of, he run-up to the moment and the aftermath, of the fall of the wall. kohl ll, ii

south korea proposes official dialogue in january on the issues of mutual concerns. >> unification minister noted that next year is the 70th anniversary of the division of the korean peninsula. he has proposed arranging a reunion between families separated during the korean war. he hopes that families will meet before the lunar new year holidays in february and he says their proposal includes promoting sports and cultural exchanges, as well as economic cooperation. >>> japanese american and south korean officials have agreed to work closely on security incidents involving north korea. they'll share classified information related to pyongyang's nuclear and missile programs. they'll exchange data on the north through videos photos documents and also verbally. representatives in tokyo and seoul will share information through their counterparts in washington to avoid criticism from the south korean public. they both had planned to sign a similar agreement two years ago, but officials in seoul withdrew because of domestic opposition. leaders in the u.s. have persuaded the south of the importance

. >> certainly high-level talks are being outlined by south korea's unification minister. the unification minister coming out and saying he would travel to pyongyang to have talks with his counterparts there in north korea. there were two such high level talks during the course of this year. in february the first round resulted in a family reunion ceremony where those families separated by the korean war were able to see each other again. and then in october there was a surprise visit by extremely high level contingent of leadership figures to seoul. that was followed by military clashes across the border between north and south. nothing eventuated from that. what we saw at the beginning of 2014 was a new year's message talking about better relations. this could be south korea trying to get on the front foot and seeing if they can elicit similar words from kim jong un in this knew year's message this week. >> harry fawcett speaking to us from soul of the south. >> well iran says one of its most senior revolutionary guard commanders has been killed in iraq. the brigadier di

there is a brief moment during the louisiana unification movement where some white elite businessmencluding general beauregard convinced a number of elite afro-creole leaders to say they will abandon the republican party, join them in a new party committed to business called the louisiana unification movement. and the so-called best men of louisiana will now rule. it completely collapses as the white creole members are lambasted by noncreoles for doing it. beauregard doesn't show up. things fall apart. that's probably the last moment where a coalition could have worked. >> thank you. >> thank you. any more questions? >> all right. so my question is at the end of your book you discuss the coincidence between what you were researching and where you were at the time. can you explain that? >> yeah. again i was mentioning we were in the edgar allen poe room. i'm not much of a believer in the super natural, but the houses i showed you earlier -- there. are across the street from the women who are accused. i found this story while i was with my wife at 5229 camp street. i began with the sto

there's a brief moment where something happens called the louisiana unification movement, where someite businessmen, including again beauregard, convince a number of elite afro creole leaders to say that they will abandon the republican party, join them in a new party committed to business, called the louisiana unification movement and the so-called best men of louisiana will now rule. it completely collapses as the white creole members are lam basted by noncreoles for doing it. things completely fall apart and that is probably the last time the coalition worked. >> thank you. >> thank you. again as i was mentioning, we're in the ed&-gar allen poe room. but across the street from the ho home, i found this story while i was living with my wife ashley at 5229 camp street began with the story of the kidnapping and we got to rock island where these women who were accused of operating this line in the hospital. 5229 camp street is across the street from these houses on the exact site where these women ran their line in hospital and a good portion of my portion took place and i'm sitting i

. >> the unification committee as you can see there are a lot of arguments pro and con. >> well, youout the voter initiative. >> i want to address some that the gentleman said gru before you. >> i contagious exception to the previous comment. >> thank you after public testimony the committee discuses all the points raised in on open session and sometimes we change our draft and sometimes redo it after the public comments have been discussed and changes made the committee takes a final vote to adopt the idealist. >> i move we adapt. >> at least 3 members. >> all in favor, say i. i. >> the public has twenty-four hours to request the committee reconsider the digest by submitting a written request the city meets to decide combloo to adapt the final digest. >> what we really want is for the voter to think for themselves read what we say and read for themselves and look and make up their own minds we're in their corner and police commission politicians fight with us often it sdpeert our obligation and i say that more than once our obligation to the voter we 79 them to look at it and unders

tap into a new resource, underground drainage water, naturally occurring salts, seleniums make it unif it for human consumption. >> our goal is to take this water and turn it into a productive resource. >> >> desal nation removes salt and minerals from brackish water. it is often very energy jump tensive. here they've built a desal nation plant that works on solar energy. >> we can use the sun to reduce the amount of fuel or electricity. that's very, very important from an overall solution. >> the most prominent feature is this 377-foot long array of mirrors. >> we're using this large mirror to capture the heat. the sun light is right field here. >> mineral oil travels do you know central tube and heated by the sun to 248 degrees. the heat is then piped into evaporators and steam generated. fresh water is condensed from the steam and salt and other minerals removed in the process. >> what percentage of the water is purified? >> we can go to 93% water recovery. >> is 93% a typical amount of recovery? >> no, it's very high. that's what makes this process different from traditional sea wa

there is a brief moment during the louisiana unification movement where some white elite businessmencluding general beauregard convinced a number of elite afro-creole leaders to say they will abandon the republican party, join them in a new party committed to business called the louisiana unification movement. and the so-called best men of louisiana will now rule. it completely collapses as the white creole members are lambasted by noncreoles for doing it. beauregard doesn't show up. things fall apart. that's probably the last moment where a coalition could have worked. >> thank you. >> thank you. any more questions? >> all right. so my question is at the end of your book you discuss the coincidence between what you were researching and where you were at the time. can you explain that? >> yeah. again i was mentioning we were in the edgar allen poe room. i'm not much of a believer in the super natural, but the houses i showed you earlier -- there. are across the street from the women who are accused. i found this story while i was with my wife at 5229 camp street. i began with the sto

north korean official who oversees unification matters reportedly read the letter out to the south korean delegation. analysts say leaders in pyongyang are trying to put pressure on seoul to respond. >> five japanese have been executed in the country for drug-related offenses. >> now it's time for the latest in business news. the biggest challenge of the japanese prime minister's economic policy is how to generate a positive growth cycle. that requires employers to give raises to their workers. now, we're joined by rami the condition is companies must raise employees wages by at least 3% for fiscal 2015 from the current fiscal year. the portion of the wage hike will be tax exempt. now the russian central bank took an unprecedented step earlier this week by bailing out a retail bank following a plunge in the ruble, and now it's made another bold move. this involves some unconventional measures to help companies refinance their foreign debts. official in moscow say they will offer dollar and euro loans to domestic banks. they say this will help refinance russian exporters external foreign c

. >> i would like to protests to show a unification of the united states and the fact that we all have rights. >> a final show before saturday's protest with demonstrators demands simple, they're calling for justice and equality. this time they say, things must change. >> the artist -- has spent nuclear to's to explore her questions about the modern world. >> now, she's getting her first german retrospective. >> affected not come easy. the buyer of these picture return them returned them after finding out that the artist was a woman. today, she stated as a pioneer of media art. the retrospective is a timely honor for this long-term feminist. >> people have always use masks since primitive times and sometimes masks give us a way to tell the truth because we cannot be identified. so, it is a duplicitous way of thinking. >> she created an alter ego, complete with drivers license and a style all her own. this fictional persona lasted for years. the work raised questions about the divide between fiction and reality and the problem of identity. she plays of electronic images, the observer be

the south korean unification minister said he hoped pyongyang would respond to his offer to discuss mutual concerns, including a reunion of families separated during the korean war more than 60 years ago. 37 children whose parents were killed in the recent israeli-gaza conflict have been stopped by hamas from visiting israel. the children, aged between 12 and 15, were on a trip organized by peace activists. they returned back at the crossing. more than 2,000 people, mostly palestinians, died in the 50-day conflict in july and august. >>> this monday is the first anniversary of the arrest in egypt of three al jazeera journalists. they were charged with broadcasting false news and aiding a terrorist organization. the journalists deny these charges, saying they were only doing their job. >> a verdict that was shocking and painful to many people. the three men were given prison sentences, ranging between seven and ten years. with the new year comes an appeal session that ushers in hope for the three journalists and their families. >> we are confident that the appeal will acknowledge the fact t

the south korean unification minister said he hoped pyongyang would respond to his offer to discuss mutualrns including a reunion of families separated during the korean war more than 60 years ago. >>> 37 children whose parents were killed in the recent israel-gaza conflict have been stopped by hamas from visiting israel. the children aged between 12 and 15 were on a trip organized by peace activists. they were turned back. more than 2,000 people, mostly palestinians died in the 50-day conflict in july and august. >>> the authorities in bahrain have detained the leader of the country's main shiite opposition group. he attended a mass protest, this one here in the capital on friday. demonstrators called for democracy, political reform and the release of political prisoners. his lawyer says he has been accused of inciting hatred against the regime. >>> this monday is the first anniversary of the arrest in egypt of three al jazeera journalists. they were charged with aiding a terrorist organization. the journalists deny these charges, saying they were just doing their jobs. we spoke to some o

city hall that we'll need in order to get even though 2/3rd's vote for the high threshold for the unifnd community to the chamber of commerce this is an investment that san franciscans will understand and being willing to make but it's not just with the bond as supervisor kim experienced her leadership which winner running for office she made pedestrian safety one of the top issues and this is a top issue her district is the most challenging foyer pedestrian safety and that's why laugh of the folks are here please welcome supervisor kim (clapping.) >> good morning many of us in the community that have been working on this for many, many years this morning is so existing this signal an sixth street is something the community has been fighting for about i was in office and to be here today on a community driven process to see our residents that fought for this is rewarding i want to recognize the south of market action network (clapping) who represents many of our families in the neighborhood the united players and city crossroads that rounding u run our youth programs across the street

he comes back committed and convinced that the key to black equality and liberation lies in the unification of africa and promises to return. by 1969 he does just that. even though he returns for political speaking tours in the united states he becomes a committed anti- imperialist pan african revolutionary, changes his name,, and really becomes by the 1980s in the context of the reagan revolution, saturation, the rise of neoliberalism and the counterrevolution that transforms the hopes and dreams that 1960s era radicals and revolutionaries had carried with them, he becomes an anachronistic because he believes in the idea of a global political revolution. one of my favorite parts is reading about barack obama's reaction. his early 20s, talking about pan africanism, a critique of capitalism and is just basically spitting fire, speaking words of fire obama recounts that his eyes blaze as he spoke, the eyes of a madman or a saint. i am here to say that he was neither one. he was a radical political activist who was unapologetic in and pursuing social, political, economic, and social equality f

only because of -- of any old-fashioned policy because the realities are not such to permit the unification. there are two states integrated into military alliances, guaranteeing stable balance of power and on the other hand, i don't know whether -- if we have to ask our people and see indications whether they would like to become a -- federal republic or remain a sovereign state member of the united states. i think the overwhelming majority will be against. so at present, there are no conditions for united germany. >> would you be willing to put it to a vote in your country? >> that's question which of course will come up, but it's up to now, it's a speculative question. >> might there be a unified berlin before a unified germany? >> again, taking into considerations existing situation in berlin, it's impossible. >> mr. ambassador -- >> because the same whether it is gdr and republic -- to west berlin, you don't forget that west berlin is under occupation still as a special status and i don't see any possibility for uniting both parts of berlin. >> mr. ambassador, isn't it possible that as

. >> look the most important thing is the possibility of family unification. it's good that in your family it is taking place this hanukkah. for the folks who don't know alan what he was doing in cuba and what the intention was for his trips there. >> i'm not going to comment on any political issues. that should be addressed with alan and his lawyer. i'm just speaking from a family perspective about the joy and happiness we feel. we've been praying, chanting. we've been doing whatever he can to get him out. i sent him packages of food. i sent him bookingss to read. i said to him, stay strong. he said don't worry, i'm a gross, you know we're strong. he really truly is a strong guy. he's lost many teeth. he can barely walk. he's blind in one eye. the man is a fighter. we're just overjoyed. that's the message we want to put out. overjoyed feeling. and thank you, president obama, and whoever else was involved. >> thank you so much for being with me on "the rundown." alan's wife judy spoke to kristen wellkerwelker. >> i think the united states needs to get into neg

. >> host: stories ever unification are scarce and those that document what happened after the initial moments of joy are more rarer still. >> guest: input in this book together, i divided to three parts. the first part of separation. the search for family and so during slavery and after slavery and the third is reunification. the first part of three chapters. separation has three chapters. reunification is one chapter. i really think that speaks to probably not the correct proportion, but i think there were many, many more separation and reunification. people might be taken from virginia, let's say, when tobacco became less economically valuable. people in virginia and at the same time, you've got the expansion of the u.s. into places like mississippi, alabama, texas. so people are being sold from virginia into places like alabama, from north carolina, mississippi, starting new plantations. and so, people are being sometimes family members, very often been separated and reunification could rarely take place. people writing letters back to the places where they had left their family me

speech was a milestone, and the beginning of the process of unification of europe. today, pope francis is addressing european parliament. the members represent more than people from 28 countries. of this nation represent the identity of europe. over the past six years, europe has seen a dramatic an unprecedented crisis. particularly dramatic has been of confidence of people in constitutions, both at national and european levels. however, with that confidence trust, no institution can on a permanent basis. the values of tolerance and of equality, of fidelity and peace, are impassable with our common goals. our common task. the european union stands for standing together, being not excluding young people who have difficulty finding a job in putting their place in society. and people are looking for a themselves re for and their children because fleeing will bring disaster. people are looking towards institutions for social justice. the unfair distribution of wealth and opportunities in life, the situation of all people in our societies -- peace and war -- the immediat

of course, i'm not adding the potential unification scenario but i don't believe unification will solve the demographic problems and that can also be saved for q&a. >> ten minutes. >> i'm sorry? >> ten minutes. >> my ten minutes are up? >> yep. >> okay. >> a few more minutes. >> give me two more minutes, please. i'm the only female on this. i'm talking about minorities in korea. i can claim all sorts of crazy things, but i shant. i respect my colleagues too much. impact on economics. the total size of south korea's labor force is expected to peak in 2016-17 and decline thereafter. economic growth would be reduced by about half of what it is now by 2050. that is a significant concern to be had. for korea to maintain political, cultural power an increase in the birth rate is needed. needed at an increase of at least 1.8 from the current 1.25 over the next decade. and i predict it will not happen. not by south koreans alone. national security implications. over the past five years the number of men aged 18 to 35 and eligible for mandatory military service has dropped by over 120,000. there

the very idea which informed european unification. the back story is europe's back story. start a new homeland. the history came from the other side and is come from their to reform the church and to lead the faithful. can help your to renew itself and to reform itself. on behalf of all of my colleagues can i say that you are welcome here and thank you for taking up our invitation. it is an honor and indeed a privilege to be able to listen to your words today. your holiness, pope francis, you have the floor. [applauding] >> president to. [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: mr. president, vice president, members of the european parliament, all of your working in various capacities, thank you for inviting me to address this institution, which is fundamental to the life of the european union. and i thank you for giving me this opportunity to speak through you to the more than 500 million citizens in the 28 member states and especially grateful to you, mr. president for your warm words of welcome in the name of the whole house. more than a quarter of a century after tha

number three, the unification or attacks on u.s. soldiers in afghanistan. that's less rely than it was when the pakistani created themselves in 2007, but those are the goals. most of the attacks that the talibani taliban have launched other than two notable examples have been inside pakistan. they are different than al-qaeda in that sense and different from the afghan taliban, they are mostly focused on pakistan. >> based on your experience, living in the country, how is this going to play out in pakistan? will it galvanize the pakistani government and the people against the taliban? >> if you go through twitter, if you go through facebook, watch pakistani t.v., there is horror and shock. one father was on t.v. and it's been replaying there for the last few hours. he said that i put my son in a uniform this morning and i'm putting him in a casket tonight. there will be fury, anger and it will be national. it will momentarily united pakistan, but weaver seen this before. we've seen this after the attack on malala, the attack on the catchery airport, everybod

. >> seoul's unification minister south korea launched a commission on reunification in july. >>> 331 theaters around the u.s. that chose to screen the controversial screen "the interview" did so without a hitch this weekend. the movie which pokes fun at north korean leader kim jong-un had a shaky release after a major hack on sony. at the box office the film has brought in $2.8 million since christmas. apple itunes announced it would also have the film available, as of saturday, digital sales had reached $15 million. coming up on al jazeera america we look back at some of the most critical and controversial stories of the year and what impact they might have in 2015. in our special straight ahead segment. >> on techknow >> we should not be having earthquakes in texas >> the true cost of energy hits home... >> my yard is gone... >> are we destroying our way of life? >> contaminated water from the fracking activities come here >> they stick it to the core of the earth >> but this cutting edge technology could be the answer >> the future of fracking is about the water >> protecting the

there was a move in the give 1950's to unification to germany if they that was rality, but that was amove of from the america continent. it was not an anti-cold war move. >> we will have a chance to circle back on this when we go to our members, but i wanted to ask you something about the role of nuclear weapons. central do you think the role of nuclear weapons were in the cold war called? if they hadn't been invented or introduced, are you saying that this great power condition would have gone the way oof other great power competitions and we would have gone to war? would have not but it o an all-out war, would involve -- nuclear the situation ted cing reluctance to get this conflict started at all. to talk about somebody who you spent a lot of which is -- he was described as much more unsteady. if you s his management, the , of the cold war from soviet vantage point? >> you know, i have never had ask if you felt -- i hhim in this respect. he, in my opinion, had a sort of messy system to deal with. but he was not the most penetrating mind -- [laughter] so he didn't want conflict. he

. >>> needed to repair for the unification of the two countries, unclear if pyongyang will accept seoul's offer. launching a un fisk committee in july meeting in january to exchange programs and laws and joint projects. >>> now sony says its controversial film "the interview" has made more than $15 million in online rentals and purchases. the studio says the film was downloaded 2 million times over four days. its release was initially cancelled after cyber attacks and threats ton studio. the comedy rofnls revolves around a fictional plot to assassinate kim jong-un. >>> donetsk people are cueing for food supplies. crowds are gathering at sports stadiums to gain humanitarian aid. parliament has voted to like import duty and cut social spending. meanwhile, people in crimea are suffering too. as peter shop reports from from simferapol. >> 95% of these voted in a referendum in favor of joining russia but that was nine months ago. and now the noose is starting to tighten around the peninsula in the black sea. first of all transport links. ukraine has severed its bus links, that has only increas

offered to resume high level talks with north korea next month to ready for what it calls peaceful unification. joel is a physicaling fellow with the institute at johns hopkins schools and founder of the website 38 north.org and traveled to the down theory many times as a state official and as a private citizen. let's talk about north korea and the rhetoric over the past week. what's the country trying to achieve with this escalation? >> this is pretty much standard providing procedure for north korea. when they feel they are being threatened, the rhetoric is stepped up. the movie obviously has a lot of stuff this it that north korea doesn't like. its leaders are being assassinated. i wouldn't take this as a shocking response. it's standard operating procedure. >> it's standard operating procedure and we have seen this in the past. does it shed light into what the next moves could be? >> there a number of things they can do. it's a lost cause trying to predict what they can do next. there is going to be a speech in the january 1st speech he makes every year. that may give us clues about north

the australian government at this point but i think with people who espouse this, who seek the unification of mosque and state, who advocate sharia instead of democratically enacted law, who want to destroy democracy, even if you don't throw them in jail, there are things you can do to prevent them from getting certain types of jobs and preventing them from getting weapons, things like that. of course it will be different, different speeds for different countries. different countries have different standards of freedom. all of us in the west should be looking at this. we've been very fortunate in the united states. we have a large population of muslims largely moderate, not inclined to jihaddism. we should use the asset against these crazies. >> interesting to note muslim groups came out in australia condemning this. good to hear from them. guns have been banned, semiautomatic weapons have been banned in australia for 20 years. this guy had a shotgun. christian you will stick around next hour. we will check back in with you as we get more information on the breaking story. christian, thank

don't -- i mean, they were to move in the early '50s of offering perhaps neutrality to germany and unification if it had kept neutrality. but that was not -- that was a move of removing america from the continent. it was not an anti-cold war -- an aspect of the cold war. >> i want to ask you about something i mentioned before, which was the role of nuclear weapons. how central do you think nuclear weapons were to keeping the cold war cold? or put it another way, if nuclear weapons hadn't been invented or introduced, is it your sense that this great power competitions would have gone the way of most other great power competitions that would have led to conventional war? >> yes, i think there was a high likelihood that it would lead not necessarily to all-out war but a conventional war in which soviet and american forces were involved. and nuclear weapons prevented -- the situation of producing reluctance to get the conflict started at all. >> you mentioned gromyko before. i want to talk about somebody else who you spent a lot of time dealing which, which i assume is brezhnev. he was described b

and being hold and 20 million cubans 90 miles from florida and what it means in terms of family unificationand access and health care, where is cuba the most influential country in south america? it could be a great asset for america. >> you know, we were watching the president. we took him live when he was speaking on this deal at noon. at the same time, his equivalent in cuba was talking and he says "obama deserves respect for this deal." did you think you would see a leader of cuba use a word respect in describing a leader of this country. >> maybe it required a person to break the cycle of fear and go forward. when i met with castro, i asked him why time why didn't he go to church? he said because we were fighting for the revolution. i grew up in the church trying to be a priest. i took feed the hungry and feed the people seriously. he got back in with the church defending the status quo. a big fight. he didn't like it. he asked me to go to the university with him. i did. i said will you go to church with me? he did. he went to church for the first time in 27 years. he put a religion in

south korea yeahs unification minister says the country wants to start talks in january to discuss exchangegrams, joint projects and laws needed to bring the divided countries closer together. zoll launch ad government -- zoll launch ad government committee to work on the progress but now uncertain whether pyongyang will accept zoll's offer. jon: accused of hacking sony pictures stealing emails and sabotaging feature films. and home depot, the victim after massive retail credit card breach. now there could be an april greater mike in hack attacks in 2015. we have fox business network's peter barnes. peter what is going on? >> hey jon that cyberattack on sony pictures was the not the christmas present united states was expecting. the hackers took cyber insecurity to a new level. threatening cyber attacks on theaters that had shown the movie. pwc a consulting firm, reported cybersecurity incidents against private companies globally rose by 48% in 2014 to nearly 43 million incidents. a separate study estimated the annual cost of cyber attacks on a typical u.s. energy or utility company was mor

i've seen comments from you that there needs to be more unification as it were in the u.s.y towards iraq and syria. >> there is a lack of synchronization between the policy of the united states of america in iraq compared to the policy in syria and they have to synchronize those policies, this is number one. number two, they unfortunately three out of four of these authorities, if you like, they come back with their load and they don't have -- they are not on target because they don't have spotters on the ground so they need to train iraqis to be spotters on the ground, to identify the right target for the u.s. airforce. >> tremendously difficult situation being faced by the people in iraq and thank you for your comments, former national security advisor. still to come. [baby crying] suffering accuse malnutrition in afghanistan and children are not being fed properly. freedom from the colombian general kidnapped by farc rebels but the future of peace talks remains uncertain and involved in a high-speed crash in brazil and will be here on an update on his condition. ♪ in egy